AIDS Weekly back issues from June 2009:
Filling the gap: the importance of Medicaid continuity for former inmates.
Jun 01, 2009 ... It is time for states to suspend, rather than terminate, the Medicaid benefits of inmates while they are incarcerated, say correctional health care experts from The Miriam Hospital in a commentary published online by the Journal of General Internal Medicine (see also Lifespan). ...
Research from University of Paris has provided new data on granulomatosis.
Jun 01, 2009 ... In this recent study, researchers in Paris, France conducted a study "To characterise major infectious complications and analyse potential risk factors in patients with Wegener granulomatosis (WG). Data from 113 patients with WG ( 69 male) followed at least once between January 1984 and ...
Programs to Prevent HIV in Newborns Failing in the Developing World - Over 900 Avoidable HIV Infections Every Day.
Jun 01, 2009 ... Global and national programs to prevent vertical (mother-to-child) transmission are in disarray and governments are falling seriously short of their goals, leading to hundreds of thousands of needless HIV infections annually, according to new on-the-ground research from six countries ...
Reports outline HIV/AIDS study findings from R.E. Campo and colleagues.(Report)
Jun 01, 2009 ... "Previous studies have demonstrated that lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy maintained plasma HIV-1 RNA suppression in a large proportion of antiretroviral naive subjects. However, more subjects receiving lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy experienced confirmed virologic rebound > 50 copies/ml ...
Research data from University of Washington update understanding of HIV/AIDS.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "Human equilibrative nucleoside transporter-3 (hENT3) was recently reported as a pH-dependent, intracellular (lysosomal) transporter capable of transporting anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) dideoxynucleosides (ddNs). Because most anti-HIV ddNs (e. g., zidovudine, AZT) exhibit ...
Research from Medical University of South Carolina broadens understanding of HIV/AIDS.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to recent research published in the journal Pharmacoeconomics, "Markov models have been the standard framework for predicting long-term clinical and economic outcomes using the surrogate marker endpoints from clinical trials. However, they are complex, have intensive data ...
Research reports from University of Pennsylvania provide new insights into HIV/AIDS.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "Switching a thymidine analogue to a non-thymidine analogue or changing to a nucleoside-sparing regimen has been shown to partially reverse peripheral lipoatrophy. The current study evaluated both approaches," researchers in the United States report (see also HIV/AIDS). ...
Studies from Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH update current data on HIV/AIDS.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "5,11-Dihydro-11-ethyl-5-methyl-8-{2-{(1-oxido-4-quinolinyl)oxy}ethyl}-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b:2',3'-e][1,4]diazepin-6-one, (1), labeled with carbon-14 in the quinoline-benzene ring, in one of the pyridine rings of the dipyridodiazepinone tricyclic moiety, and in the side chain, was prepared in ...
Studies from G. Minuesa and co-researchers update current data on HIV/AIDS.(Report)
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from Barcelona, Spain, "Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) need to enter cells to act against the HIV-1. Human organic cation transporters (hOCT1-3) are expressed and active in CD4+ T cells, the main target of HIV-1, and have been associated ...
Studies from University of Washington in the area of HIV/AIDS described.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "Genotypic surveys suggest that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 evolve different sets of mutations in response to nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)," scientists in the United States report (see also HIV/AIDS). "We used site-directed ...
Study results from K. Maratou and colleagues broaden understanding of HIV/AIDS.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to a study from London, the United Kingdom, "To elucidate the mechanisms underlying peripheral neuropathic pain in the context of HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy, we measured gene expression in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of rats subjected to systemic treatment with the ...
Reports outline HIV/AIDS co-infection study findings from B. Shiramizu and colleagues.(Report)
Jun 01, 2009 ... "Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was previously associated with neuropsychological function. By including individuals encompassing the full range of HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders, this study reports results from subjects with normal ...
Reports summarize HIV/AIDS co-infection study results from P.D. Walzer and co-researchers.(Report)
Jun 01, 2009 ... "The immune responses to Pneumocystis jirovecii major surface glycoprotein (Msg) in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are poorly understood. We examined the sequential serologic responses to recombinant Msg carboxyl terminus fragments (MsgC1, MsgC3, MsgC8, and ...
Scientists at Florida International University, Medical Department target HIV/AIDS co-infection.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "Previous studies have demonstrated that infection with HIV-1 clades might differentially contribute to the neuropathogenesis of HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD). HIV-1 transactivator regulatory protein (Tat) plays a major role in the process of disruption of neuronal function," scientists ...
Researchers' work from Muhimbili University focuses on tuberculosis.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "Matee M, Mfinanga S, Holm-Hansen C. Anti-TB drug resistance levels and patterns among Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from newly diagnosed cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. APMIS 2009; 117: 263-7," scientists in Tanzania report (see also Tuberculosis). ...
Scientists at Johns Hopkins University target tuberculosis.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to a study from the United States, "Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an emerging chronic health condition of developed and developing countries. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with active, culture-confirmed tuberculosis (TB) in Maryland to determine the impact of ...
New findings from University of Stellenbosch, Faculty of Health Sciences describe advances in HIV/AIDS cancer in children.
Jun 01, 2009 ... Fresh data on HIV/AIDS cancer are presented in the report 'Non-infective pulmonary disease in HIV-positive children.' According to recent research from Cape Town, South Africa, "It is estimated that over 90% of children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) live in the ...
Findings from Florida International University provide new insights into HIV/AIDS cancer risk factors.
Jun 01, 2009 ... Investigators publish new data in the report 'Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among a sample of HIV-positive and HIV-negative females visiting an urban VCT center in Haiti.' According to recent research from the United States, "The knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of over 43,000 ...
Study data from University of Calabar, Department of Surgery update knowledge of HIV/AIDS cancer therapy.
Jun 01, 2009 ... Researchers detail in 'Cutaneous cancers in Calabar, Southern Nigeria,' new data in HIV/AIDS cancer. "Globally, cutaneous cancers are among the most common form of cancer. Among Africans, there are significant differences in the types of skin cancer compared to those documented in patients ...
Reports from National Institutes of Health describe recent advances in autoimmune disease.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "Our laboratory focuses on the study of the molecular regulation of T lymphocyte homeostasis, particularly as it relates to immunological tolerance, apoptosis, and autoimmune diseases. Through intense molecular research on the regulation of lymphocyte fate, the Fas receptor and other tumor ...
Study results from G. Beraud and colleagues broaden understanding of encephalitis.(Clinical report)
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from Martinique, "Cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole [TMP-SMX]) is an alternative treatment for toxoplasmic encephalitis because it is inexpensive, well-tolerated, and as effective as pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine, which is the first-line drug regimen) ....
Studies from S. Porcellini and colleagues reveal new findings on gene therapy.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "The viral infectivity factor (Vif) is essential for HIV-1 infectivity and hence is an ideal target for promising anti-HIV-1/ AIDS gene therapy. We previously demonstrated that F12-Vif mutant inhibits HIV-1 replication in CD4(+) T lymphocytes," investigators in Milan, Italy report (see ...
Data on HIV/AIDS detailed by researchers at George Washington University, Medical Department.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from the United States, "RNA interference is a gene regulatory mechanism that employs small RNA molecules such as microRNA. Previous work has shown that HIV-1 produces TAR viral microRNA." "Here we describe the effects of the HIV-1 TAR derived ...
Data on HIV/AIDS published by researchers at University of Ghana, Medical Department.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to recent research published in the Virology Journal, "Little is known about the detailed phylogeny relationships of CRF 02_AG HIV-1 polymerase genes in Ghana. The use of the protease gene of HIV-1 for subtyping has shown conflicting results." "The partial polymerase ...
Data on HIV/AIDS reported by researchers at College of Medicine.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "While investigating whether proteins retrieved by cervicovaginal lavages (CVL) from women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) might correlate with risk of progression to invasive cervical cancer, we unexpectedly identified HIV gag and env glycoprotein in CVL from women with ...
Findings from C.M. Card and co-authors provide new insights into HIV/AIDS.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from Winnipeg, Canada, "Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-resistant commercial sex workers provide a unique opportunity to study correlates of protection associated with natural resistance to HIV infection. Emerging data from studies of these individuals and ...
Findings from Erasmus University in HIV/AIDS reported.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Utrecht, Netherlands, "Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with antiretroviral drugs may prevent transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Our objective was to predict whether PrEP, in the presence of circulating drug resistance, will reduce the risk of ...
Findings from G.L. Birbeck et al in HIV/AIDS reported.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to recent research published in the American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, "We conducted a retrospective chart review of antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinic patients treated during the first 12 months after clinics opened in rural Zambia and assessed adherence based ...
New data from Liverpool John Moores University illuminate research in HIV/AIDS.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Liverpool, the United Kingdom, "Patient choice and access to health care is compromised by many barriers including travel distance. Individuals with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can seek free specialist care in Britain, without a referral, providing ...
New findings from H.R. Rangel and co-researchers in the area of HIV/AIDS described.(Report)
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Caracas, Venezuela, "The aim of this study was the analysis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diversity in Venezuela, and the characterization of variants other than subtype B. A total of 425 HIV isolates, collected between 2003 and 2008, were analyzed. The ...
New findings from M.S. Ghannad and co-authors in the area of HIV/AIDS published.(Report)
Jun 01, 2009 ... "Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the most important infectious diseases threatening the world's population today. The main aim of this study was to assess the epidemiologic features of HIV/AIDS from January 1989 to March 2007 in Hamadan province, Iran," scientists ...
New HIV/AIDS findings from M.P. Chien and co-authors described.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Taipei, Taiwan, "Entry of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) into the target cell is initiated by fusion with the cell membrane, mediated through the envelope glycoproteins gp120 and gp41, following engagement to CD4 and the co-receptor. Previous fusion ...
New HIV/AIDS research from INSERM described.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "HIV-1 uses cellular co-factors for virion formation and release. The virus is able to incorporate into the viral particles host cellular proteins, such as tetraspanins which could serve to facilitate HIV-1 egress," scientists writing in the journal Retrovirology report (see also ...
New HIV/AIDS research from L. Zhou and co-researchers described.(Survey)
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from Shenyang, People's Republic of China, "HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) is considered an effective prevention method of HIV infection. In order to understand the VCT environment and enhance the effective delivery of VCT services in a country, an ...
New HIV/AIDS research from University of Texas discussed.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) encodes the Rem protein, an HIV Rev-like protein that enhances nuclear export of unspliced viral RNA in rodent cells. We have shown that Rem is expressed from a doubly spliced RNA, typical of complex retroviruses," scientists writing in the journal ...
New HIV/AIDS study findings have been reported by B.L. Xu and colleagues.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "A series of novel N-4-(hetero) arylsulfonylquinoxalinone derivatives were prepared in a straight and efficient way," scientists in Beijing, People's Republic of China report (see also HIV/AIDS). "Of all the synthesized compounds, five compounds exhibited potent anti-HIV-1 ...
New HIV/AIDS study findings have been reported from L. Poretsky et al.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to a study from the United States, "Women with HIV infection use dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) because of its potential effects on mood and energy. We examined the effects of DHEA on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and gonadal axes and on insulin sensitivity." ...
New HIV/AIDS study findings recently were reported by A. Witteck and co-researchers.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to recent research published in the journal Swiss Medical Weekly, "We report an HIV-HCV-HSV-2-coinfected man, who infected all of five sequential female sexual partners within seven years." "HIV-RNA in semen was unusually high and exceeded that in plasma by one ...
Recent findings from University of Stellenbosch highlight research in HIV/AIDS.(Report)
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from South Africa, "HIV-1 subtype C is the prevalent subtype in South Africa, with non-C subtypes being sporadically detected. The accessory genes of subtype C have not been well studied in South Africa." "In this study the HIV-1 vpr region of 58 ...
Recent studies by T. Hoang and co-authors add new data to HIV/AIDS findings.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from the United States, "Control of viral replication through combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) improves patient health outcomes. Yet many HIV-infected patients have comorbidities that pose social and clinical barriers to achieving viral suppression." ...
Reports from University of Washington add new data to research in HIV/AIDS.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "HIV-1 can evolve HLA-specific escape variants in response to HLA-mediated cellular immunity. HLA alleles that are common in the host population may increase the frequency of such escape variants at the population level," scientists in the United States report (see also HIV/AIDS). ...
Reports outline HIV/AIDS study results from S.H. Eshleman et al.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "A prototype assay was used to genotype integrase (IN) from 120 HIV-1-infected IN inhibitor-naive adults from Argentina, Brazil, Cameroon, South Africa, Thailand, and Uganda. Subtype designations based on analysis of pol IN sequences wereA(14), B (15), C (12), D(11), F (12), G(7), H(1), ...
Reports summarize HIV/AIDS study results from R.W. Lihana and co-researchers.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "Monitoring the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes and recombinants among infected individuals has become a priority in HIV therapy. A laboratory analysis of samples collected from HIV-positive patients attending an STI clinic in Nairobi was done between March and May 2004," scientists in ...
Research conducted at E. Wood and co-authors has provided new information about HIV/AIDS.(Clinical report)
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to recent research published in the British Medical Journal, " To examine the relation between plasma HIV-1 RNA concentrations in the community and HIV incidence among injecting drug users. Prospective cohort study." " Inner city community in Vancouver, Canada. ...
Research findings from Christian Medical College, Medical College update understanding of HIV/AIDS.(Report)
Jun 01, 2009 ... "The advent of affordable ART has benefited HIV-infected individuals. Prospective studies have shown that the availability of drug resistance reports for infected individuals has allowed more effective regimens to be prescribed as compared to a control group whose physicians had no access ...
Research from C. Chablebessia and co-authors in the area of HIV/AIDS published.(Report)
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from Montpellier, France, "The rate of HIV-1 gene expression is a key step that determines the kinetics of virus spread and AIDS progression. Viral entry and gene expression were described to be the key determinants for cell permissiveness to HIV." ...
Research from Catholic University in HIV/AIDS provides new insights.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to recent research published in the journal AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, "The virological and immunological outcomes in patients carrying multiclass-resistant HIV-1, their predictors, and their impact on disease progression were investigated. Antiretroviral-experienced ...
Research from G. Rozera and co-authors provides new data about HIV/AIDS.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from Rome, Italy, "Virus-associated cell membrane proteins acquired by HIV-1 during budding may give information on the cellular source of circulating virions. In the present study, by applying immunosorting of the virus and of the cells with antibodies ...
Research from J.O. Oyugi and colleagues provide new insights into HIV/AIDS.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Winnipeg, Canada, "It has been predicted that CD4 C868T, a novel CD4 single-nucleotide polymorphism ( SNP) that has been found to be highly prevalent among Africans, changes the tertiary structure of CD4, which may alter susceptibility to human immunodeficiency ...
Research from L. Zaitseva and co-authors in the area of HIV/AIDS published.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "Nuclear import of the HIV-1 reverse transcription complex (RTC) is critical for infection of non dividing cells, and importin 7 (imp7) has been implicated in this process. To further characterize the function of imp7 in HIV-1 replication we generated cell lines stably depleted for imp7 ...
Research from National Cancer Institute broadens understanding of HIV/AIDS.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to a study from the United States, "Naturally occurring Vif variants that are unable to inhibit the host restriction factor APOBEC3G (A3G) have been isolated from infected individuals. A3G can potentially induce G-to-A hypermutation in these viruses, and hypermutation could ...
Research from San Francisco General Hospital in HIV/AIDS provides new insights.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "Leptin deficiency is associated with dyslipidemia and insulin resistance in animals and humans with lipoatrophy; leptin replacement ameliorates these abnormalities. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of leptin therapy in lipoatrophic HIV-infected patients with ...
Research from T.W. Mahungu et al broadens understanding of HIV/AIDS.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from London, the United Kingdom, "The 25th anniversary of the first reports of a catastrophic illness later classified as AIDS and the 10th anniversary of highly active anti retroviral therapy (HAART) both occurred in 2006. Where available, HAART hats ...
Research from University of Patras reveals new findings on HIV/AIDS.(Report)
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Patras, Greece, "The third variable (V3) loop is an important region of glycoprotein 120 (gp120) for many biological processes, as it contains the highly conserved GPGR sequence and it represents the binding site for human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) ...
Research on HIV/AIDS reported by M.C.F. Prosperi et al.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Rome, Italy, "Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates differ in their use of coreceptors to enter target cells. This has important implications for both viral pathogenicity and susceptibility to entry inhibitors, recently approved or under ...
Research on HIV/AIDS reported by scientists at University of Virginia.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "Trimerization of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) envelope glycoproteins is mediated by the ecto-domain of the gp41 transmembrane glycoprotein. Here we investigate oligomer-specific conformations of gp41 by using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) from HIV-1-infected humans," scientists ...
Research results from INSERM update understanding of HIV/AIDS.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from Marseille, France, " To assess the extent to which user fees for antiretroviral therapy (ART) represent a financial barrier to access to ART among HIV-positive patients in Yaounde, Cameroon. Sociodemographic, economic and clinical data were collected from ...
Research results from University of Bergen update understanding of HIV/AIDS.(Report)
Jun 01, 2009 ... "Kalungi S, Wabinga H, Bostad L. Reactive lymphadenopathy in Ugandan patients and its relationship to EBV and HIV infection. APMIS 2009; 117: 302-7," investigators in Bergen, Norway report (see also HIV/AIDS). "In Uganda, a large number of biopsied enlarged lymph nodes is ...
Researchers from Johns Hopkins University publish findings in HIV/AIDS.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "The Federal Ministry of Health of Ethiopia is implementing an ambitious and rapid scale-up of health care services for the prevention, care and treatment of HIV/AIDS in public facilities. With support from the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, 38 830 service ...
Researchers from University of Buenos Aires report on findings in HIV/AIDS.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Buenos Aires, Argentina, "HIV-1 Nef protein plays a major role in viral immunopathogenesis, modulating surface expression of several immune receptors, altering signal transduction pathways, and enhancing viral infectivity, among other activities. Nef also exhibits ...
Scientists at INSERM detail research in HIV/AIDS.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "HIV-1 Gag proteins are essential for virion assembly and viral replication in newly infected cells. Gag proteins are also strong determinants of viral infectivity; immune escape mutations in the Gag capsid (CA) protein can markedly reduce viral fitness, and interactions of CA with host ...
Scientists at Nanjing University describe research in HIV/AIDS.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from Nanjing, People's Republic of China, "Natural killer (NK) cells are believed to play a role in human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) disease progression, and NK cell levels are reduced in individuals with chronic HIV-1 infection. In the present study, we ...
Studies from E.R. Brown and co-researchers in the area of HIV/AIDS published.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "There are limited data regarding the relative merits of biomarkers as predictors of mortality or time to initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). We evaluated the usefulness of the CD4 cell count, CD4 cell percentage (CD4%), human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) load, total ...
Studies from Karolinska University add new findings in the area of HIV/AIDS.
Jun 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Huddinge, Sweden, "Invariant CD1d-restricted NKT cells play important roles in regulating both innate and adaptive immunity. They are targeted by HIV-1 infection and severely reduced in number or even lost in many infected subjects." "Here, we have ...
Studies from Merck & Company, Inc. have provided new information about HIV/AIDS.
Jun 01, 2009 ... "Liver fibrosis is a significant concern for patients with hepatitis C virus/human immunodeficiency virus co-infection. Fibrosis staging by biopsy is accurate, but costly and invasive," scientists in the United States report (see also HIV/AIDS). "Several fibrosis prediction ...