Advertising Age back issues from October 1999:
SUTTER HOME ADS BOAST FANATICAL FOCUS ON WINE: VINTNER'S HUMOROUS $6 MIL PUSH KNOCKS BEVERAGE OFF ITS `PEDESTAL'.
Oct 04, 1999; ... The creators of white zinfandel are working on an irreverent -- and startlingly different -- ad campaign for the category to convince imbibers that Sutter Home Winery is way too focused on wine for its own good. The three spots for Trinchero Family Estates, created by Goodby, ...
YELLOW FREIGHT PICKS CAMPBELL-EWALD TO BUILD BRAND IMAGE WITH NEW, EXPANDED TARGET OF BIZ EXECUTIVES.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Yellow Freight Corp. will launch a multimillion-dollar TV campaign to attract the attention of high-level executives, and has named Campbell-Ewald, Warren, Mich., for the brand-building assignment. The 75-year-old trucking company last year started advertising on cable TV ...
ABC HAS HIGH HOPES FOR REGULAR WEBCASTS; EXECUTIVES: DONALDSON, TIME SLOT GIVE NETWORK LEAD IN BROADBAND.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Executives are hoping ABC News' first regular live Webcast featuring Sam Donaldson will give the TV network a head start in the lucrative future of broadband communications. They said the combination of Mr. Donaldson's stature and the 12:30 p.m. ET time slot, when viewers have ...
WHEELING & DEALING TV ADS.
Oct 04, 1999; ... There really is no place to hide when the big, glowing eye comes to you on its own two legs. Laurance Rassin, creative director for Washington-based Adwheels, says his company has developed what amounts to an electronic human kiosk. Flat-screen TVs are now being strapped to Adwheels' fleet ...
COMMERCIAL TIMEOUTS KICK OFF.
Oct 04, 1999 ... A new whistle will be blowing on the football fields this month in 1958 -- a timeout whistle for commercials. National Football League Commissioner Bert Bell has decreed that referee timeouts may be called for a commercial in the first and third quarters of sponsored football games if 9 ...
ADOBE DRIVE AIMS TO BUILD IMAGE AS A WEB COMPANY: $10 MILLION SLATED FOR ITS LARGEST SINGLE MEDIA EFFORT.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Adobe Systems is known as the company that introduced desktop publishing. But it wants to be known as a company that can transform Web publishing. The software marketer today launches a $5 million to $10 million brand-identity ad effort -- its largest single media expense on ...
STUDY: SHORTER SPOTS ARE LESS EFFECTIVE; `ADWORKS2' SHOWS :30S MOVE MORE PRODUCT THAN :15S.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Thirty-second commercials are far more effective in selling package goods than 15-second spots. That's one of the major findings from ``Adworks2,'' a two-year study of more than 800 package-goods brands conducted by Media Marketing Assessment, a unit of Carat USA, in ...
NET SLASHES TIME FROM HELLO TO ADIOS.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Web marketers are quick to hire and quick to fire their ad agencies to keep up with Internet time. But while speed to market is crucial, some Web players make the case not to be so quick to pull the trigger on a shotgun marriage. ``Agency searches that traditionally have taken ...
AMD'S ATHLON CHALLENGES INTEL CHIPS IN $18 MIL PUSH.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Positioning its new Athlon chip as the world's fastest PC processor, Advanced Micro Devices hopes to instigate a chip battle with Intel in a $15 million-to-$18 million multimedia campaign this fall. The effort begins with print ads in November magazines and newspapers. The ...
LUNAR LUNACY? FOR ITS ANDY KAUFMAN BIO-PIC `MAN ON THE MOON,' UNIVERSAL STEPS OUTSIDE USUAL AD APPROACH.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Even for the sophisticated ``Saturday Night Live'' viewer, the ad packed a jolt. Wedged in a commercial break during that show's 25th anniversary special Sept. 26, the spot shows actor Jim Carrey striding onto a stage, grinning and not saying a word. A reaction shot features a ...
ACCRUE'S NEW SOFTWARE IDENTIFIES BEST CUSTOMERS.
Oct 04, 1999 ... Online business software company Accrue Software today introduces Accrue Vista, Web-site visitor segmentation and analysis software that works in conjunction with Accrue Insight. The software identifies marketers' best visitors, how often they visit, how recently they visited, what parts ...
BEAUTYSCENE TRIES TO SLICE WEB CLUTTER.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Beautyscene hopes to squeeze its name into the consciousness of consumers already cluttered with an assortment of beauty sites, with a $20 million campaign breaking this month from Frierson Mee & Kraft, New York. Print ads will appear in the November issues of women's, beauty, ...
LUXURY SITE REVAMPS LOOK, BREAKS 1ST AD CAMPAIGN.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Bestselections.com wants to put its best foot forward with a new look and its first ad campaign since its founding 1 1/2 years ago. The luxury goods Web site, an e-tailer of everything from $23 pantyhose to $1,500 Chanel suits, will relaunch later this month. The revamped site ...
YUMMY IN THE AUTUMN-Y:.
Oct 04, 1999 ... Just because the leaf rake is out doesn't mean the grill should be stashed. Wisconsin-based Johnsonville Foods tries to extend the grilling season for Johnsonville bratwurst in an outdoor campaign running in ...
NEW TOYSMART.COM ADS OFFER FLASHES OF BRILLIANCE.
Oct 04, 1999 ... Toysmart.com launches its first campaign today from Arnold Communications, Boston. The $20 million campaign includes TV, print, radio and online media. TV spots, which encourage parents to inspire their children's creativity and imagination, feature youngsters surprising their parents with ...
Out with a bang: Udell.
Oct 04, 1999; ... An otherwise sober source swears he saw a magazine cover without Frank McCourt on it. At GQ, Publisher Tom Florio's celebrating the millennium by boosting ad rates 2% (for 2000, get it?). A color page will now cost you $59,430. The great Jonathan Winters will be ...
PROFILE OF THE WEEK.
Oct 04, 1999 ... Wall Street applauded Primedia's Sept. 27 announcement that NBC's Tom Rogers would succeed William Reilly as chairman-CEO. By Thursday, the stock had soared 27%, reversing a summer slide. Mr. Rogers, 45, an NBC exec VP and chairman of NBC Cable, was ...
SUZUKI UNLEASES TV FOR GRAND VITARA: $30 MIL DRIVE FOR SUV TIES IN WITH PUSH SHOWCASING SPONSORSHIP OF FOOTBALL AWARD.
Oct 04, 1999; ... American Suzuki Motor Corp. will use a U.S. sporting icon and TV spots shot in South Africa in a $30 million campaign breaking Oct. 8 for the Grand Vitara sport-utility vehicle. The media buy for the effort reflects the auto importer's multi-year, $35 million package deal inked ...
Ad review rating: one star.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Hilarious commercials. Charming commercials. Delightful commercials. The second autumn of NFL-themed spots from GSD&M, Austin, Texas, for Southwest Airlines are just as fresh and funny as the first pool a year ago. And just as terrible. No. Check that. These are ...
TOTAL-LY TASTY: BROWN SUGAR BOWS; GENERAL MILLS POURS OUT $30 MIL IN MARKETING FOR CEREAL LINE EXTENSION.
Oct 04, 1999; ... General Mills is wagering $30 million in marketing that new Brown Sugar & Oat Total will wow baby boomers who will soon make up one-third of all cereal purchasers. Big G is projecting to retailers that the line extension, featuring crunchy oat flakes coated with brown sugar, ...
MULTIPLE DELIVERY.
Oct 04, 1999 ... United Parcel Service breaks a new spot Oct. 5 shot on location in Italy, the U.K. and U.S., part of its ``Moving at the speed of business'' campaign. The ad from ...
ON THE FAST TRACK.
Oct 04, 1999 ... Amtrak has broken new out-of-home advertising from DDB Worldwide, New York, for its Acela Express, a high-speed train ...
P&G PEGS MUSIC PSA EFFORT TO MIRAMAX MOVIE: ARRAY OF VENUES KEYS EDUCATIONAL ASPECT IN TIE TO `MUSIC OF HEART'.
Oct 04, 1999; ... In a rare film tie-in deal for Procter & Gamble Co., the consumer products giant is teaming up with Miramax Films' upcoming ``Music of the Heart'' for a marketing promotion. P&G typically has avoided doing such tie-ins because, promotion marketing executives say, the company ...
`10-10' PHONE MARKETERS DUE FOR A TONGUE-LASHING: JOINT MEETING OF FTC, FCC WILL CRITICIZE SPECIFIC ADS.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Long-distance companies may be using comics as ad spokesmen, but their ``10-10'' ads aren't getting laughs at the Federal Trade Commission. In the clearest sign yet that the FTC is siding with consumer groups in their complaints that phone ads are misleading, it has set a Nov ....
PHOTO REVIEW.
Oct 04, 1999 ... NEW YORK: The New York American Marketing Association welcomed new officers during its annual meeting at the Top of the Times. Here, outgoing President Lynn Whitton passes the torch to (from l.) President-Elect Lou Moskowitz, President Elliott Savitzky and First Vice President Eric Glerum ....
GEN'L MILLS TAPS INTO CRAZE WITH POKEMON ROLLS TREAT: FRUIT SNACK COMES PACKAGED WITH TRADING CARDS FOR POPULAR KIDS GAME.
Oct 04, 1999; ... General Mills wants to make fruit snacks into kids' collectible with a new Pokemon product. The Minneapolis marketer becomes one of the first food companies to latch onto the swelling Pokemon phenom with a new line of Po- kemon Rolls coming in November. The Pokemon product ...
PONTIAC MAKES OUTDOOR BLAST FOR NEW BONNEVILLE.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Pontiac is bringing its outdoor indoors in an effort to make ads for the new Bonneville as intrusive as possible. In the first phase of a $70 million-plus launch for the General Motors Corp. division's top-of-line sedan, Pontiac ads will saturate mass-transit centers in markets ...
KRAFT-Y PROMO: POST GIVES COINS FOR 'COMB CEREAL TO UNLEASH `GOLD RUSH' INSTANT-WIN GAME.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Kraft Foods is plotting a gold strike in the cereal aisle. Mining a new promotional idea, Kraft's Post unit next month offers consumers of its Honeycomb brand a chance to win more than 1,300 U.S. Mint gold coins. For the ``Gold Rush'' effort, Post is producing ...
PRO PLAYER SHIFTS FOCUS TO CAPTURE HARD-CORE FANS: AS LICENSED APPAREL FADES, ENDORSEMENTS ARE DOWNPLAYED.(Brief Article)
Oct 04, 1999; ... Sports apparel maker Pro Player will redirect its marketing strategy to focus on diehard sports fans rather than athlete endorsements, an effort to improve sales in the faltering licensed apparel industry. The Fruit of the Loom division will spend $4.5 million on the new ...
REAL MEDIA DIVES INTO COMPETITION: `DARK HORSE'S' VERTICAL REVAMP CAPITALIZES ON ITS STRONG REPUTATION.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Real media, focused on repping a network of newspaper sites, is reorganizing its network to include sites for travel, personal finance and other vertical segments. Doing so puts the New York-based company in direct competition with DoubleClick, 24/7 Media and other online ad networks. ...
RODALE STIRS UP PLAN FOR NET REVENUE: PUBLISHER LOOKS TO INVESTORS TO DEVELOP BRANDED DOT-COMS.(Brief Article)
Oct 04, 1999; ... Seeking additional revenue through Internet media, Rodale today launches Rodale Interactive, a business unit devoted to developing online properties. Rodale Interactive not only will be charged with investing in online companies, but also, in a departure from Rodale protocol, will seek ...
PRIMEDIA PLUCKS ROGERS FROM NBC FOR NET STRENGTH: PUBLISHER'S DIFFUSE HOLDINGS OFFER UP A BIG CHALLENGE FOR THE NEW CEO.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Thomas rogers helped NBC rocket into cyberspace, and Primedia hopes he can do the same for the unwieldy publishing company. After a lengthy search, Primedia last week tapped Mr. Rogers, 45, to succeed founder and former CEO William Reilly, 62, who announced his retirement in ...
ON A ROLL.(Idea Foundation promote liquor marketers)(Brief Article)
Oct 04, 1999 ... In 1995, nightclub marketing veterans Dave Schmier, 30, and Alex Diamandis, 34, formed the Idea Foundation, Stamford, Conn., to create and execute more effective nightclub-based promotions for liquor marketers. The shop, with a ``virtual staff'' ranging from four to 100 field marketing ...
BECKMAN AND GIULIANI SYMBOLS OF AD/MEDIA BUSINESS PROBLEM.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Mad dogs are bad for the media business. And there are two too many running loose around New York City, barking and, unfortunately, biting. Take Richard ``Mad Dog'' Beckman. You've got to be wary of people who revel in nicknames that glorify antisocial behavior. The Napoleonic ...
`NOT ALWAYS COCA-COLA' POLICY THREATENS INTEGRITY OF MAGAZINES.
Oct 04, 1999 ... Memo to Coca-Cola Co. (and, for that matter, any advertiser that has ever placed too severe a restriction on where in a publication its messages can appear): Your ads don't deserve to be in any magazine with editorial integrity. Those are also known as magazines with involved readers, more ...
FOUND ART.(Sephora introduces new store and web site)(Brief Article)
Oct 04, 1999 ... Makeup category-killer Sephora launches an all-out assault on the U.S. with its first ad campaign. The upstart French cosmetics retailer breaks print and outdoor ads from DDB Worldwide, New ...
'SI' GETS JOCKEY TO TAKE SPIN WITH ULTIMATE FRISBEE FESTS.(Brief Article)
Oct 04, 1999; ... Marketer: Jockey International, Kenosha, Wis., and Sports Illustrated, New York. Effort: Jockey UPA Campus Festival. Agency: In-house plus Advancers, Chicago. Twist: Answering Jockey's request for additional ways to reach its target customer, Sports ...
FLU FIGHTERS SET TO UNLEASH WINTER AD BLIZZARD.(Brief Article)
Oct 04, 1999; ... Drug marketers will spend at least $50 million this winter in an attempt to render the dreaded flu shot obsolete. Two marketers are set to support new flu drugs with major direct-to-consumer ad campaigns. A third is searching for an agency to launch a remedy it hopes will make ...
VENERABLE 'FORBES' LOOKS FOR NEW BUZZ WITH FRESH DESIGN: BUSINESS TITLE IS 'STILL VIABLE', BUT RIVALS ARE HOTTER.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Forbes unveils its first redesign in a decade this week, in an attempt to regain some of the luster it has lost to rivals. The 82-year-old family-owned mag-azine still racks up more ads pages than any of its many competitors. But it has lost buzz edit-orially as others -- such ...
BRANDS NEED NEW CHAMPION: CHIEF BRANDING OFFICER WOULD HELP PRESENT UNIFIED VISION OF PRODUCT.
Oct 04, 1999; ... It's interesting to watch the debate about old-school vs. new-school marketing. How we need to fuse the disciplines of advertising and promotion. How we need to fuse traditional mass marketing skills with the one-to-one-world of cyberspace. How we need to fuse a new marketing mantra. ...
BURGER KING ORDERS UP MARKETING CHANGES.
Oct 04, 1999 ... If top executives at Burger King Corp. were having it their way last week, that way was change. The struggling burger chain reorganized its marketing department and reheated a well-known ad slogan from the past. Paul Clayton, president of Burger King North America and interim chief ...
GM PLACATES DEALERS ON ADS, THEN DROPS BOMBSHELL.(Brief Article)
Oct 04, 1999; ... General Motors Corp. dealers who sought to mend relations with the automaker now find themselves in a pitched battle about its plan to buy and operate dealerships. But the dealers' original proposals to GM regarding advertising and other issues actually produced some satisfactory results. ...
GOODYEAR TEAMS GEMINI DEBUT WITH MLB PLAYOFFS: NEW AUTO-CARE PROGRAM TOUTS IMPROVED SERVICE.(Brief Article)
Oct 04, 1999; ... Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. will use the Major League Baseball playoffs to make a pitch for its new auto-care program, Gemini. Goodyear will begin airing ``Emily,'' a TV spot combining animation and live segments, on Oct. 5. The ad from Hitchcock, Fleming & Associates, Akron, ...
CHECKING IT OUT.(Brief Article)
Oct 04, 1999 ... Headhunter.net, an online employment and recruiting Web site, launches a provocative new commercial last week. The spot, by Smash Advertising, Boston, features male employees ...
IMAGE OF THE WEEK:.
Oct 04, 1999 ... The new Sorel Odyssey boot bears its sole in the first Sorel print campaign from Martin/Williams, Minneapolis. The international push by ...
IPARTY HOPES TO CLICK WITH MOTHERS PLANNING EVENTS: REVAMPED WEB SITE DEBUTS WITH $10 MIL CAMPAIGN VIA KIRSHENBAUM.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Attending a party can be great fun, but throwing one can cause serious headaches. Online party supplier iParty this week launches an ad campaign that attempts to ease the burden of party preparations. Along with the ads, the Web company debuts a redesigned site (www.iparty.com) ...
KEY CORP. TO REVIEW SHOPS; EYES FRESH FOCUS.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Key Corp. has flung its account into review just weeks before it debuts new ads from Lord Group, New York. The financial services company hired consultant Rojek Marketing Group, Cleveland, to oversee the search for a new agency. Requests for proposals are expected to be mailed ...
HILLSIDE CHALLENGE.
Oct 04, 1999 ... Kia Motors America pushes boundaries in ``Cabin,'' a 2000 model-year ad breaking today. The :30 from Goldberg Moser O'Neill, San Francisco, pits the Sportage SUV against the Honda CRV, and shows a couple heading to a remote cabin in the Kia, followed by a couple in a CRV. As ...
MALE PLUMBING:.
Oct 04, 1999 ... Kohler Co. goes stylish, sophisticated and voyeuristic with a new TV spot. In the commercial, one of three from the Martin Agency, Richmond, Va., a woman with a telescope spies a hunk ...
OFF TARGET ON OLEAN.
Oct 04, 1999 ... Ad Age's prediction of Olean snacks' demise in the new millenium (``The next century death watch,'' AA special edition ``The Next Century,'' Sept. 20) is simply ridiculous. Olean is still new. But consumers have already enjoyed more than 1.5 billion servings of snacks made with Olean -- ...
TEAM UNLIMITED CHECKS HAWAII'S EVENTS ACTIVITY.
Oct 04, 1999 ... Team Unlimited, Honolulu, was assigned a special role to manage the state of Hawaii's investment in special events including the NFL's Pro Bowl, PGA Grand Slam, Mercedes Championship, Sony Open, Hula Bowl, Aloha Festivals and Hawaii Film Festival. The move will ensure appropriate spending ...
MAGAZINES' RATE HIKES RANGE FROM 2% TO 8%: PUBLISHERS CITE RISING COSTS TO ACQUIRE CIRCULATION.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Magazine publishers may be under more pressure than ever to negotiate ad rates as they seek hikes tied more to a change in the calendar than to increases in the cost of doing business. Unlike past years, when rate increases have remained relatively uniform throughout the ...
`MAUREEN' FLIES SOLO IN AD FOR NEW PHILLIPS' LAXATIVE: BAYER'S MOM CHARACTER APPEARS ON TV SANS HUBBY.
Oct 04, 1999; ... ``Maureen,'' the lead character in Bayer Corp.'s advertising for Phillips' Milk of Magnesia, this week appears in a commercial for the first time without her husband/sidekick ``Raymond.'' Since early this decade, Maureen has been a shameless promoter of Phillips, with Raymond ...
CAA TAKES NEW APPROACH TO ADVERTISING BUSINESS; SOFT SELL: AFTER FALTERING WITH COKE, TALENT AGENCY LINKS WITH N.Y. SHOP.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Hollywood powerhouse talent agency Creative Artists Agency is taking on Madison Avenue again -- but with a gentler sell. CAA will buy a 40% stake in Shepardson Stern & Kaminsky, a 6-year-old New York marketing communications agency that has done project work for Ameritech ...
TBWA CALLS MCBRIDE BACK INTO LEVI'S FOLD: NEW CREATIVE SPARK SOUGHT FOR SAGGING JEANS GIANT.
Oct 04, 1999; ... The tattered Levi's brand, about to post another year of significant sales declines, will have a new creative director working on its advertising at agency TBWA/Chiat/Day. Chuck McBride, currently creative director on Nike at Wieden & Kennedy, Portland, Ore., is moving to San ...
CMGI'S WEB DEALMAKING HITS BIG-TIME: GROUP PREPS TWO PORTALS: ALTAVISTA AND MYWAY.COM.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Cmgi is relaunching AltaVista and opening an all-new second portal -- even as the mushrooming company creates a web of Internet advertising and marketing services. That could be trouble for DoubleClick, but that remains a big if. CMGI this month switches on a ramped-up version ...
Terry Reilly.(Brief Article)
Oct 04, 1999 ... James Docherty to president of a newly formed interactive unit of American Media, Lantana, Fla., He also will serve as publisher of the Star, a job that has been open since Tony Hoyt left in May. Mr. Docherty is the former president of Hachette Filipacchi New Media. He resigned from that ...
COMPAQ PUTS UP $60 MIL TO PUSH NON-STOP IMAGE: OUTDOOR-HEAVY E-BUSINESS ADS AIM TO WIN OVER TOP INFLUENCERS.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Compaq Computer Corp. will spend $60 million this quarter to ingrain an image as a non-stop, turn-on-a-dime supplier of e-business services. The print, radio, outdoor and online effort from DDB Worldwide, New York, kicked off last week in The Wall Street Journal, introducing a ...
DELTA WEIGHS $100 MILLION SHOOT-OUT FOR MEDIA BUYING: WESTERN INITIATIVE'S ATLANTA OPERATIONS A MAJOR ADVANTAGE.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Delta loves a review, and it shows. Having just handed creative for its $100 million global ad account to Leo Burnett Co., Chicago, with media planning going to sibling Starcom Worldwide, Delta Air Lines now is mulling a move of its media buying. Some observers ...
DIXIE SETS REUSABLE DISPOSABLES: FORT JAMES IS READYING RINSE & REUSE PLATES.
Oct 04, 1999; ... Fort James Corp. seeks to bridge the gap between china and Chinet with a ``reusable'' disposable plate. Dixie Rinse & ReUse Disposable Stoneware, being shipped to retailers in January, is a rare premium-priced offering that aims both at value-conscious and upscale consumers ....
DODGE ADDS CARS TO FUSILLADE OF ADS IN 2000 CAMPAIGN: IN ALL, 54 SPOTS ARE PLANNED FOR THIS MODEL YEAR.
Oct 04, 1999; ... DaimlerChrysler's Dodge division moves into the second phase of its ``Dodge. Different.'' campaign this week, launching a barrage of 25 model-specific TV commercials. The new ads follow seven teaser-type spots that began running in August. All told, the model-year ...
TINSELTOWN TIE-INS: ROADSHOW TOUR PROVIDES STUDIOS A WAY TO REACH SHOPS, MARKETERS.
Oct 04, 1999; ... As advertiser interest in film tie-ins grows, Hollywood is making it easier for agencies and marketers to get on the bandwagon by bringing deals to their doors. In the second annual RoadShow tour visiting New York, Chicago and Los Angeles, executives from several major film ...
NEW VOICE ON AD BIAS ISSUE.(Brief Article)
Oct 04, 1999 ... Democrat bill bradley has made it plain he will use his presidential candidacy to advocate more equitable treatment of minority media and ad agencies by advertisers. That's good. As Mr. Bradley believes, ``simply bringing the facts out'' over and over again can prod decisionmakers to ...
BK'S STUMBLE.(Brief Article)
Oct 04, 1999 ... Not too many quick meals ago, Burger King was eating McDonald's for lunch. Now BK suddenly is floundering again, searching for answers as it ends the run of two commercials from its latest big brand campaign and ponders whether the whole effort is salvageable. This is a campaign BK ...
FCB, BOZELL MERGER HITS BARRIER AT LONDON SHOPS; BOZELL SHOP WILL BECOME INDIE AS CLIENT CONFLICTS KILL COUPLING.
Oct 04, 1999; ... [london] True North Communications is calling off the marriage between Foote, Cone & Belding and Bozell Worldwide here. True North last month announced plans to fold the international offices of Bozell into the new FCB Worldwide, maintaining separate offices only in the U.S., ...