AsiaPulse News back issues from February 2005:
FOREX - AUSTRALIAN DOLLAR OPENS HIGHER - FEB 1, 2005.
Feb 01, 2005 ... SYDNEY, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - The Australian dollar opened slightly higher today after trading in a tight range overnight. At 0700 AEDT the currency was trading at $US0.7749/52 from 0.7741/45 at yesterday's close. Offshore, the Australian dollar traded in a $US0.7719-65 ...
AUSTRALIAN NEWSPAPER HIGHLIGHTS - FEB 1, 2005.
Feb 01, 2005 ... SYDNEY, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Highlights of today's newspapers: DAILY TELEGRAPH - A former National Australia Bank chief executive blasts the bank's leadership woes at a stormy annual meeting - the first since the foreign exchange trading scandal broke. - ...
STOCKS - BOMBAY STOCKS CLOSE STRONGER - JAN 31, 2005.
Feb 01, 2005 ... MUMBAI, Jan 31 Asia Pulse - Stocks today surged past the 6500-mark and ended with yet another hefty rise of 137 points in hectic activity on the Bombay Stock Exchange in response to the government's clearance to provident funds' entry into equities. The sensex has gained by ...
FOREX - US DOLLAR BARELY CHANGED AGAINST RUPEE - JAN 31, 2005.
Feb 01, 2005 ... MUMBAI, Jan 31 Asia Pulse - The US dollar finished barely changed against the rupee at Rs.43.7200 per dollar but the pound sterling was weaker at Rs 82.30 per pound at ...
KIA MOTORS TO PICK NEW LEADERS AFTER BRIBE SCANDAL.
Feb 01, 2005 ... GWANGMYEONG, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Labor union representatives of Kia Motors Corp. (KSE:000270) held an emergency meeting Monday and agreed to pick new leaders following a scandal involving an employee who accepted bribes in exchange for securing appointments. Organizers of the ...
SAMSUNG TO GIVE WORKERS US$1.1 BLN IN PROFIT SHARING MEASURE.
Feb 01, 2005 ... SEOUL, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - South Korea's Samsung Group said Monday that it will give employees about 1.1 trillion won (US$1.1 billion) as part of a profit-sharing measure based on last year's better-than-expected profits. The country's largest family-owned conglomerate said its ...
LG CARD BOARD OF DIRECTORS APPROVES CAPITAL REDUCTION.
Feb 01, 2005 ... SEOUL, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - The board of directors at LG Card Co. (KSE:032710) approved a 5.5-to-1 capital reduction plan Monday to get the company back on its feet. The measure is equivalent to a capital reduction rate of 81.8 per cent. The board said its actions have been posted ...
CREDITORS OF KOREA'S INCHEON OIL REJECT BID BY CHINA'S CINOCHEM.
Feb 01, 2005 ... INCHEON, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Creditors of Incheon Oil Refinery Co. voted to reject a purchase bid by Chinese state-run oil firm Cinochem that failed to meet expectations, representatives to a court-brokered meeting said Monday. Participants to the meeting held in the South Korean ...
INDIAN OIL CORP WINS OIL BLOCK IN LIBYA.
Feb 01, 2005 ... NEW DELHI, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Indian Oil Corp (BSE:530965) and its partner Oil India Ltd have won an oil block in Libya in the first ever joint foray in oil and gas exploration overseas. IOC-OIL won onshore Block-086 in the highly prospective Sirte basin, officials in IOC said. ...
LAKSHMI MITTAL TO INVEST US$5 BLN IN STEEL OVER NEXT FIVE YEARS.
Feb 01, 2005 ... LONDON, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Observing that steel prices will continue to rise in view of its demand, London-based steel magnate Lakshmi Mittal said his company will make an investment of over US$5 billion in the next five years in the sector. "We are investing substantially. The ...
S KOREA'S CONSUMER PRICES RISE 3.1 PCT IN JAN.
Feb 01, 2005 ... SEOUL, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - South Korea's consumer prices rose 3.1 per cent year-on-year in January due to a price rise in agricultural products, cigarettes and transportation rates, the state statistics office said Tuesday. The consumer price index climbed 0.7 per cent from ...
MALAYSIA AIRLINES TO STRENGTHEN OPERATIONS IN INDIA.
Feb 01, 2005 ... KOLKATA, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Malaysia Airlines (KLSE:3786) is keen to strengthen its business in India and plans to soon fly to three more destinations-- Amritsar, Trichy and Thiruvananthapuram. Announcing the successful launch of the Kuala Lumpur-Kolkata flight on January 29, ...
CHINA'S THREAT TO INDIAN IT INDUSTRY FAR AWAY: STUDY.
Feb 01, 2005 ... NEW DELHI, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - China may have stolen a march on India in manufacturing but it will take years before it can catch up with its neighbour in information technology, says a study conducted by consultancy firm Mckinsey. "It will be many years before China poses a ...
INDIA TO PROMOTE ITSELF AS HEALTH CARE DESTINATION.
Feb 01, 2005 ... LONDON, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - After its success in IT outsourcing and biotechnology fields, India plans to promote itself as a health care destination for people from across the globe, Health and Family Welfare Minister Anbumani Ramadoss said Monday. "We are taking steps to promote ...
MYITGROUP PLANS TO HIRE 500 SAP EXPERTS, TAP INDIA MARKET.
Feb 01, 2005 ... BANGALORE, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - US-based MyITgroup opened its India offshore delivery centre Monday with initial plans to hire over 500 SAP experts and said it will tap the huge base of SAP ERP installations in the country. The privately-held US$70 million MyITgroup currently ...
INDIA'S MOREPEN FILES PATENT FOR CHOLESTEROL LOWERING DRUG.
Feb 01, 2005 ... NEW DELHI, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Morepen Laboratories Ltd (BSE:500288) Monday said it had filed patent for new polymorphic form VI of Atorvastatin Calcium, a cholesterol lowering drug, in 33 countries, including the US and Canada. The company said it had received approval for the ...
INDIA TO HOST G-20 MEETING IN DELHI ON MAR 18; G-33 ON MAR 19.
Feb 01, 2005 ... NEW DELHI, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - India will host the next meeting of G-20, the group of developing WTO-member countries on agriculture, in New Delhi on March 18. The meeting would be followed by the meeting of G-33, a group of WTO-member countries pushing for Special Products, ...
INDIA, RUSSIA AND CHINA LIKELY TO INTERACT MORE INDIAN MINISTER.
Feb 01, 2005 ... NEW DELHI, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - India, Russia and China are likely to interact increasingly in a variety of ways in the coming years, External Affairs Minister K Natwar Singh said Monday. Observing that Central Asia has always been integral to the East-West relationship, he said ...
STOCKS - KARACHI MARKET CLOSES LOWER - JAN 31, 2005.
Feb 01, 2005 ... KARACHI, Jan 31 Asia Pulse - The market experienced a long overdue correction as the Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE)-100 Index dropped 155 points to close at 6798. According to Taurus Securities Limited, turnover was at 558 million shares. One of the major factors behind the ...
US OFFERS SUPPORT TO UPGRADE PAKISTAN'S SHIPPING SECTOR.
Feb 01, 2005 ... KARACHI, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - United States shipping sector and supply chain technology companies have offered professional and technical support to upgrade Pakistan's shipping operations and make it compliant with the international security standards like the sophisticated Containers ...
TAIWAN'S OUTPUT OF OPTOELECTRONICS TO HIT US$47.2 BLN IN 2005.
Feb 01, 2005 ... TAIPEI, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - The production value of Taiwan's optoelectronics industry is expected to rise 34 per cent year-on-year to NT$1.5 trillion (US$47.17 billion) in 2005 owing to increased global demand for optical display and optical storage products, according to the Industrial ...
US BEEF SET TO RE-ENTER TAIWAN SOON: USDA OFFICIAL.
Feb 01, 2005 ... WASHINGTON, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Taiwan is expected to announce in about a month the results of its inspections that mark the final stage in allowing U.S. beef back on the local market following the suspension of imports in 2003 due to the discovery of a case of mad cow disease, an official ...
TAIWAN'S JANUARY CONSUMER CONFIDENCE INDEX FALLS: NCU POLL.
Feb 01, 2005 ... TAIPEI, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Taiwan's consumer confidence index (CCI) fell by 1.28 points to 75.85 points for January from the previous month's level, with the confidence indicator in the local job market posting the largest drop, according to a report released Monday. According ...
VP TO VISIT LATIN AMERICA IN MARCH FOR 'TAIWAN PARK' PROJECT.
Feb 01, 2005 ... TAIPEI, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Vice President Annette Lu said Monday she will survey potential sites for the establishment of a "Taiwan Park" during a visit she is scheduled to make to Latin America in March. Lu said the site for the industrial park, which will be 200-500 hectares ...
NORWEGIAN TELCO TELENOR TO INVEST US$1 BLN IN PAKISTAN.
Feb 01, 2005 ... ISLAMABAD, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Norwegian cellular company Telenor is to invest nearly US$1 billion in the telecom sector of Pakistan. This was stated by Prime Minister of Norway Kjell Magne Bondevik during his meeting with Prime Minister Shaukat Aziz here January 29 on the ...
S KOREAN NEWSPAPER HIGHLIGHTS - FEB 1, 2005.
Feb 01, 2005 ... SEOUL, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Highlights of today's newspapers: KYUNGHYANG SHINMUN - Seoul elementary schools revive academic evaluation KUKMIN DAILY - Seoul elementary schools revive academic performance test DONG-A IL-BO - ...
PAKISTAN OFFERS INVESTOR FRIENDLY ENVIRONMENT: SENATE CHAIRMAN.
Feb 01, 2005 ... KARACHI, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Senate chairman Mohammedmian Soomro has said that availability of manpower, low cost of doing business and low tax rates have encouraged foreign investors to come and invest in Pakistan. He was addressing inaugural session of first International ...
STOCKS - AUSTRALIAN STOCKS OPEN HIGHER - FEB 1, 2005.
Feb 01, 2005 ... SYDNEY, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - The Australian share market opened stronger, taking its lead from Wall Street where stocks rose on a fresh round of mergers and acquisitions and relief over the Iraq elections. "With a strong lead from the US we are certainly following suit," said ...
AUSTRALIA TO DOUBLE AIRPORT DUTY-FREE ALLOWANCES.
Feb 01, 2005 ... SYDNEY, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Travellers will be able to bring in to Australia more than double the value of duty free goods under new limits to be announced by the federal government today. Customs Minister Chris Ellison will release details of the new tax free limits at Sydney ...
AUSTRALIAN PM TO VISIT SINGAPORE FOR TALKS ON REGIONAL ISSUES.
Feb 01, 2005 ... CANBERRA, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Prime Minister John Howard will visit Singapore today for high-level talks on the Asian tsunami aid effort and other regional issues. Mr Howard arrived in Singapore last night from Davos, Switzerland, where he attended the World Economic Forum. ...
INNOVATION IS TAIWAN'S COMPETITIVE EDGE: ECONOMICS MINISTER.
Feb 01, 2005 ... TAIPEI, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Taiwan will make use of its advantage in innovation as well as research and development (R&D) to compete with other countries economically, Minister of Economic Affairs Ho Mei-yueh said Monday. With Asia having replaced North America and Europe to ...
AUSTRALIAN CENTRAL BANK UNLIKELY TO RAISE RATES: BANKSA.
Feb 01, 2005 ... ADELAIDE, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA), the nation's central bank, was not likely to change interest rates when it meets today, BankSA said. BankSA general manager Chris Ward said a combination of softening housing data and uncertain global economies ...
AUSTRALIA'S IBA HEALTH SET TO ACHIEVE FULL-YR NET PROFIT FORECAST.
Feb 01, 2005 ... SYDNEY, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Australian health industry computer software provider IBA Health Ltd (ASX:IBA) today said it was on track to achieve its full year net profit forecast after a strong first half. The company today announced an unaudited after-tax profit of .4 million ...
PAKISTAN NEWSPAPER HIGHLIGHTS - JAN 31, 2005.
Feb 01, 2005 ... KARACHI, Jan 31 Asia Pulse - Highlights of today's newspapers: DAWN: - Kashmir, trade confidence building measures urged - US to spend $1.5 billion on new Iraq embassy - Pakistan urges Iran to end nuclear dispute - UK army plane ...
PHILIPPINES' NTA PREDICTS HIGHER PRICES FOR TOBACCO THIS YEAR.
Feb 01, 2005 ... VIGAN CITY, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - The National Tobacco Administration (NTA) said the anticipated higher prices of flue-cured tobacco this year due to short supply in the market would benefit the farmers. NTA administrator Carlitos Encarnacion admitted that this was due to the ...
PHILIPPINES' DAVAO TO CLOSELY WATCH FOREIGN RESIDENT TOURISTS.
Feb 01, 2005 ... DAVAO CITY, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - The Bureau of Immigration (BI) has recorded some 3,000 permanent aliens in Southern Mindanao as of December 2004. According to BI Davao regional director Benjamin Lao, about 1,000 are Chinese who are engaged in various businesses while the others ...
HONG KONG NEWSPAPER HIGHLIGHTS - FEB 1, 2005.
Feb 01, 2005 ... HONG KONG, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Highlights of today's newspapers: SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST: - Hong Kong health authorities are urgently seeking information from the mainland about an outbreak of a deadly disease that infected more than 250 people last month and has ...
PHILIPPINES' SENATE STARTS DELIBERATION ON 2005 BUDGET PROPOSALS.
Feb 01, 2005 ... MANILA, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - The Senate Monday begun deliberating the proposed budget allocation of the national government for 2005. Senator Manny Villar, chairman of the Senate Committee on Finance, proposed a national budget of P907.59 billion (US$16.5 billion). He ...
ARROYO CONGRATULATES ALL FILIPINOS FOR ECONOMY'S 6.1% GDP GROWTH.
Feb 01, 2005 ... MANILA, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo Monday congratulated all Filipinos, both at home and abroad, for the country's 2004 gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate of 6.1 per cent. The figure is the highest GDP performance since 1996 during the incumbency ...
1.7 WORK OPPORTUNITIES FOR EACH JOB SEEKER IN 2004: DGBAS.
Feb 01, 2005 ... TAIPEI, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Each job seeker had an average of 1.7 work opportunities last year in Taiwan, up from 1.6 opportunities in 2003, the Cabinet-level Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics (DGBAS) reported Monday. According to DGBAS officials, companies ...
NO TIMETABLE FOR WITHDRAWAL OF AUSTRALIAN TROOPS FROM IRAQ: PM.
Feb 01, 2005 ... CANBERRA, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - There was no sense in timetabling the withdrawal of Australian troops from Iraq, Prime Minister John Howard said today. He said pulling troops out of the war-torn country now its democratic election was complete would give comfort to terrorists, and ...
STOCKS - TOKYO STOCKS OPEN HIGHER - FEB 1, 2005.
Feb 01, 2005 ... TOKYO, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Tokyo stocks opened higher Tuesday, with the Nikkei 225 index rising 20.13 points, ...
TERASEN PIPELINES GETS SUPPORT TO CONTINUE WEST COAST PROJECT.
Feb 01, 2005 ... (Full text of statement. Contact details below.) CALGARY, Jan. 31 /CNW-AsiaNet/ -- Terasen Pipelines is pleased to announce that it has received strong support from 17 different parties including existing and new customers to proceed to the next phase of the Trans ...
14 EXPRESSIONS OF INTERESTS RECEIVED FOR PAKISTAN TELECOM SHARES.
Feb 01, 2005 ... ISLAMABAD, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - The improved macroeconomic situation of the country, reflected as "positive" by international institutions, and the robust financial position of Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL) has generated unprecedented investor interest in PTCL. ...
STOCKS - S KOREAN STOCKS OPEN LOWER - FEB 1, 2005.
Feb 01, 2005 ... SEOUL, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - South Korean stocks opened lower Tuesday, with the Korea ...
FOREX - US DOLLAR OPENS UP AGAINST WON - FEB 1, 2005.
Feb 01, 2005 ... SEOUL, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - The US dollar opened at 1,027.00 won ...
STOCKS - KOSDAQ OPENS HIGHER - FEB 1, 2005.
Feb 01, 2005 ... SEOUL, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - The KOSDAQ Tuesday started 4.51 ...
AUSTRALIA'S OPTUS ATTRACTS MORE BROADBAND CUSTOMERS.
Feb 01, 2005 ... SYDNEY, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Telecoms company Optus today said it had attracted more than 100,000 broadband customers since entering the DSL market less than 12 months ago. OptusNet broadband customers now total 310,000, including 210,000 customers on Optus cable broadband. ...
CVRD ANNOUNCES PROPOSAL FOR MINIMUM DIVIDEND OF US$1 BLN FOR 2005.
Feb 01, 2005 ... (Full text of statement. Contact details below.) RIO DE JANEIRO, Feb. 1 /PRNewswire-AsiaNet/ -- Companhia Vale do Rio Doce (CVRD) announces that its Executive Officers will submit to the Board of Directors a proposal for payment of a minimum dividend of US$ 1 billion ...
AUSTRALIA'S MCG, CONSORTIUM TO ACQUIRE 100% OF NTL:BROADCAST.
Feb 01, 2005 ... SYDNEY, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - A consortium led by Macquarie Communications Infrastructure Group (MCG) (ASX:MCG) today said it has reached financial close on the 100 per cent acquisition of UK broadcast transmission services company ntl:Broadcast. MCG will have a 54 per cent ...
ACS OPENS NEW OFFICE IN TIANJIN, CHINA.
Feb 01, 2005 ... (Full text of statement. Contact details below.) DALLAS, Texas, Feb. 1 /PRNewswire-AsiaNet/ -- Affiliated Computer Services, Inc., a FORTUNE 500 company and premier provider of business process and information technology outsourcing solutions, announced today the ...
AUSTRALIA'S TELSTRA TO HOLD WORKPLACE NEGOTIATIONS IN FEB.
Feb 01, 2005 ... MELBOURNE, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Fears over job security, outsourcing and privatisation will set the scene for the upcoming round of Telstra (ASX:TLS) workplace agreement negotiations, a union said today. The Communications, Electrical and Plumbing Union's Victorian secretary Len ...
AUSTRALIA'S IINET PICKS BROADSOFT TO POWER RESIDENTIAL VOIP SERVICES.
Feb 01, 2005 ... (Full text of statement. Contact details below.) GAITHERSBURG, Md., Feb. 1 /PRNewswire-AsiaNet/ -- iiNet Selects BroadSoft for Its Scalability, Manageability and Rich Feature Sets BroadSoft(R), the world's premier provider of VoIP application software, ...
CUSTOM HOUSE FOUNDER PETER GUSTAVSON HONOURED FOR LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT.
Feb 01, 2005 ... (Full text of statement. Contact details below.) VICTORIA, BC, Feb. 1 /CNW-AsiaNet/ -- Peter Gustavson, President, CEO & Founder of Custom House Global Foreign Exchange www.customhouse.com has won the 'Lifetime Achievement Award' in the fifth annual Vancouver Island ...
AUSTRALIA'S GWA EXPECTS FY05 NET PROFIT TO BE LOWER THAN FY04.
Feb 01, 2005 ... SYDNEY, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Australian homeware and accessories producer GWA International Ltd (ASX:GWT) said today that it expected 2004/05 net profit to be slightly below 2003/04 as domestic demand softens in the second half. GWA today reported a net profit of $A32.769 million ...
DI GIROLAMO & IRB 7S STOP ON WAY TO WELLINGTON, NZ AND L.A.
Feb 01, 2005 ... (Full text of a statement. Contact details below.) VICTORIA, BC, Jan. 31 /CNW-AsiaNet/ - In an effort to show their continued support and tell Canada's hard working IRB 7s how proud they really are to sponsor them, Custom House had the whole team over for dessert this weekend at ...
S. KOREA PROPOSES PREPARATORY GROUP WITH RUSSIA ON PIPELINE.
Feb 01, 2005 ... MOSCOW, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - South Korea has proposed forming a working-level group with the Russian government for South Korean companies to join in a new pipeline project connecting Siberian oil fields with Japan, South Korean officials said. The proposal, made by South Korea's ...
STOCKS - SEOUL STOCKS OPEN WEAKER - FEB 1, 2005.
Feb 01, 2005 ... SEOUL, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - South Korean stocks started lower Tuesday on a program selling. Tech shares led the declines. In the first 15 minutes of trading, the benchmark Korea Composite Stock Price Index (KOSPI) fell 4.81 points, or 0.51 per cent, to 927.89. The tech-rich KOSDAQ ...
S KOREAN GOVT TO REVISE LAWS FOR FURTHER AGRICULTURE OPENING.
Feb 01, 2005 ... SEOUL, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - The government said Tuesday it will revise laws and regulation in preparation for further opening of the domestic market to imported agricultural goods. The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry said the grain management act needs to be changed to allow ...
EXXON MOBIL CORP ANNOUNCES ESTIMATED Q4 AND 2004 RESULTS.
Feb 01, 2005 ... (Edited text of a statement. Full text can be found at www.businesswire.com) IRVING, Texas--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Jan. 31, 2005-- Exxon Mobil Corporation (NYSE:XOM) today reported fourth quarter results. Net income of $8,420 million ($1.30 per share) was the highest quarter ever for ...
SLOWDOWN ON THE CARDS FOR AUSTRALIAN HOUSING INDUSTRY.
Feb 01, 2005 ... SYDNEY, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Housing construction isn't about to fall in a heap but a slowdown over the next couple of years is on the cards, the Housing Industry Association (HIA) said Monday. After three strong years the housing sector is set to ease its robust growth until a ...
MALAYSIAN NEWSPAPER HIGHLIGHTS - FEB 1, 2005.
Feb 01, 2005 ... KUALA LUMPUR, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Highlights of today's newspapers: THE STAR: - Pulp and paper producer Lion Forest Industries Bhd (Lion FIB) has proposed to acquire Silverstone Bhd, which manufactures tyres. Both LionFIB and Silverstone are members of the Lion group ....
S. KOREAN BUILDERS' OVERSEAS ORDERS TRIPLE IN JANUARY.
Feb 01, 2005 ... SEOUL, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Overseas construction orders for South Korean builders more than tripled in January from a year ago as they won large contracts to repair highways in India and Sri Lanka, an industry association said Tuesday. Overseas orders came to US$121.9 million ...
AUSTRALIA'S TRADE DEFICIT FALLS IN DECEMBER: ABS.
Feb 01, 2005 ... CANBERRA, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Australia's trade deficit with the rest of the world hit $A2.4 billion ($US1.86 billion) in December, the Australian Bureau of Statistics said today. The deficit was down almost $A300 million ($US232.32 million) on the hefty November deficit, but was ...
AUSTRALIAN TRADE MINISTER SEES STRONG REBOUND IN EXPORTS.
Feb 01, 2005 ... CANBERRA, Feb 1 Asia Pulse - Australian exports of goods and services rebounded strongly through 2004 and would continue to do so, Trade Minister Mark Vaile said today. Commenting on the release of the December trade figures, which showed a deficit of $A2.4 billion ($US1.86 ...