Biophysical Journal back issues from June 2006:
Gated Binding of Ligands to HIV-1 Protease: Brownian Dynamics Simulations in a Coarse-Grained Model
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The internal motions of proteins may serve as a "gate" in some systems, which controls ligand-protein association. This study applies Brownian dynamics simulations in a coarse-grained model to study the gated association rate constants of HIV-1 proteases and drugs. The computed ...
Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Provides Enhanced Contrast when Imaging the Phase-Sensitive Dye di-4-ANEPPDHQ in Model Membranes and Live Cells
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT We apply fluorescence lifetime imaging to the membrane phase-sensing dye di-4-ANEPPDHQ in model membranes and live cells. We show that the 1700 ps lifetime shift between liquid-disordered and liquid-ordered phases offers greater contrast than the 60 nm spectral shift previously ...
Function of Redox-Active Tyrosine in Photosystem II
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Water oxidation at photosystem II Mn-cluster is mediated by the redox-active tyrosine Y^sub Z^. We calculated the redox potential (E^sub m^) of Y^sub Z^ and its symmetrical counterpart Y^sub D^, by solving the linearized Poisson-Boltzmann equation. The calculated E^sub m^(Y^sup ...
Analysis of Puff Dynamics in Oocytes: Interdependence of Puff Amplitude and Interpuff Interval
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Puffs are localized Ca^sup 2+^ signals that arise in oocytes in response to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP^sub 3^). They are analogous to the sparks of myocytes and are believed to be the result of the liberation of Ca^sup 2+^ from the endoplasmic reticulum through the ...
Candidate States of Helicobacter pylori's Genome-Scale Metabolic Network upon Application of "Loop Law" Thermodynamic Constraints
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Constraint-based modeling has proven to be a useful tool in the analysis of biochemical networks. To date, most studies in this field have focused on the use of linear constraints, resulting from mass balance and capacity constraints, which lead to the definition of convex ...
Closer Look at Structure of Fully Hydrated Fluid Phase DPPC Bilayers
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT X-ray data are presented for the benchmark dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine lipid bilayer in the most biologically relevant state in which the bilayers are fully hydrated and in the fluid (liquid-crystalline) phase. Form factors F(q^sub z^) are obtained from a combination of two ...
Common Mechanism of Pore Opening Shared by Five Different Potassium Channels
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT A fundamental question associated with the function of ion channels is the conformational changes that allow for reversibly opening/occluding the pore through which the cations permeate. The recently elucidated crystal structures of potassium channels reveal similar structural ...
Molecular Simulation Study of Structural and Dynamic Properties of Mixed DPPC/DPPE Bilayers
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Molecular dynamics simulations have been used to study structural and dynamic properties of fully hydrated mixed 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DPPE) bilayers at 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mol % DPPE ....
Model of Chromosome Motility in Drosophila Embryos: Adaptation of a General Mechanism for Rapid Mitosis
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT During mitosis, ensembles of dynamic MTs and motors exert forces that coordinate chromosome segregation. Typically, chromosomes align at the metaphase spindle equator where they oscillate along the pole-pole axis before disjoining and moving poleward during anaphase A, but ...
Modeling the Effects of HER/ErbB1-3 Coexpression on Receptor Dimerization and Biological Response
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER/ErbB) system comprises the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/HER1) and three other homologs, namely HERs 2-4. This receptor system plays a critical role in cell proliferation and differentiation and receptor overexpression has ...
Structural Instability of the Prion Protein upon M205S/R Mutations Revealed by Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The point mutations M205S and M205R have been demonstrated to severely disturb the folding and maturation process of the cellular prion protein (PrP^sup C^). These disturbances have been interpreted as consequences of mutation-induced structural changes in PrP, which are ...
Energetics of Ion Permeation, Rejection, Binding, and Block in Gramicidin A from Free Energy Simulations
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The rigid force fields currently used in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of biomolecules are optimized for globular proteins. Whether they can also be used in MD simulations of membrane proteins is an important issue that needs to be resolved. Here we address this issue ...
Ablation of Myosin-Binding Protein-C Accelerates Force Development in Mouse Myocardium
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Myosin-binding protein-C (MyBP-C) is a thick filament-associated protein that binds tightly to myosin. Given that cMyBP-C may act to modulate cooperative activation of the thin filament by constraining the availability of myosin cross-bridges for binding to actin, we ...
Differential Adhesion of Microspheres Mediated by DNA Hybridization I: Experiment
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT We have developed a novel method to study collective behavior of multiple hybridized DNA chains by measuring the adhesion of DNA-coated micron-scale beads under hydrodynamic flow. Beads coated with single-stranded DNA probes are linked to surfaces coated with single target ...
Base of Pore Loop Is Important for Rectification, Activation, Permeation, and Block of Kir3.1/Kir3.4
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The Kir3.1/Kir3.4 channel is an inward rectifier, agonist-activated K+ channel. The location of the binding site within the channel pore that coordinates polyamines (and is thus responsible for inward rectification) and the location of the gate that opens the channel in response ...
Ultrafast Carotenoid-to-Chlorophyll Singlet Energy Transfer in the Cytochrome b^sub 6^f Complex from Bryopsis corticulans
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Ultrafast carotenoid-to-chlorophyll (Car-to-Chl) singlet excitation energy transfer in the cytochrome b^sub 6^f (Cyt b^sub 6^f) complex from Bryopsis corticulans is investigated by the use of femtosecond time-resolved absorption spectroscopy. For all-trans-α-carotene free ...
Folding, Misfolding, and Amyloid Protofibril Formation of WW Domain FBP28
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT We study the folding mechanism of a triple β-strand WW domain from the Formin binding protein 28 (FBP28) at atomic resolution with explicit water model using replica exchange molecular dynamics computer simulations. Extended sampling over a wide range of temperatures to ...
Interaction of Transported Drugs with the Lipid Bilayer and P-Glycoprotein through a Solvation Exchange Mechanism
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Broad substrate specificity of human P-glycoprotein (ABCB1) is an essential feature of multidrug resistance. Transport substrates of P-glycoprotein are mostly hydrophobic and many of them have net positive charge. These compounds partition into the membrane. Utilizing the energy ...
Cholesterol Effect on the Dipole Potential of Lipid Membranes
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The effect of cholesterol removal by methyl-β-cyclodextrin on the dipole potential, ψ^sub d^, of membrane vesicles composed of natural membrane lipids extracted from the kidney and brain of eight vertebrate species was investigated using the voltage-sensitive ...
Kinetic Analysis of the Thermal Stability of the Photosynthetic Reaction Center from Rhodobacter sphaeroides
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The temperature-induced denaturation of the photosynthetic reaction center from Rhodobacter sphaeroides has been studied through the changes that occur in the absorption spectrum of the bound chromophores on heating. At elevated temperatures, the characteristic absorbance bands ...
IPRO: An Iterative Computational Protein Library Redesign and Optimization Procedure
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT A number of computational approaches have been developed to reengineer promising chimeric proteins one at a time through targeted point mutations. In this article, we introduce the computational procedure IPRO (iterative protein redesign and optimization procedure) for the ...
Insights on the Interactions of Synthetic Amphipathic Peptides with Model Membranes as Revealed by ^sup 31^P and ^sup 2^H Solid-State NMR and Infrared Spectroscopies
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT We studied the interaction between synthetic amphipathic peptides and model membranes by solid-state NMR and infrared spectroscopies. Peptides with 14 and 21 amino acids composed of leucines and phenylalanines modified by the addition of crown ethers were synthesized. The 14-mer ...
Sphingosine Increases the Permeability of Model and Cell Membranes
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Sphingosine, at 5-15 mol % total lipids, remarkably increases the permeability to aqueous solutes of liposomal and erythrocyte ghost membranes. The increased permeability cannot be interpreted in terms of leakage occurring at the early stages of a putative membrane ...
Sulfates Dramatically Stabilize a Salt-Dependent Type of Glucagon Fibrils
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Recent work suggests that protein fibrillation mechanisms and the structure of the resulting protein fibrils are very sensitive to environmental conditions such as temperature and ionic strength. Here we report the effect of several inorganic salts on the fibrillation of ...
The Rotor Tip Inside a Bearing of a Thermophilic F^sub 1^-ATPase Is Dispensable for Torque Generation
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT F1-ATPaSe is an ATP-driven rotary molecular motor in which the central γ-subunit rotates inside a stator cylinder made of α^sub 3^β^sub 3^ subunits. To elucidate the role of rotor-stator interactions in torque generation, we truncated the γ-subunit at its ...
Explanation of the Stability of Thermophilic Proteins Based on Unique Micromorphology
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Two mesophilic/thermophilic variants of the G-domain of the elongation factor Tu were studied via molecular dynamics simulations. By analyzing the simulation data via the Voronoi space tessellation, we have found that the two proteins have the same macromolecular packing, while ...
Interactions between Ca^sup 2+^-ATPase and the Pentameric Form of Phospholamban in Two-Dimensional Co-Crystals
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Phospholamban (PLB) physically interacts with Ca^sup 2+^-ATPase and regulates contractility of the heart. We have studied this interaction using electron microscopy of large two-dimensional co-crystals of Ca^sup 2+^-ATPase and the I40A mutant of PLB. Crystallization conditions ...
Influence of the Crystalline State on Photoinduced Dynamics of Photoactive Yellow Protein Studied by Ultraviolet-Visible Transient Absorption Spectroscopy
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Time-resolved ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy was used to characterize the photocycle transitions in single crystals of wild-type and the E-46Q mutant of photoactive yellow protein (PYP) with microsecond time resolution. The results were compared with the results of similar ...
Recognition Imaging with a DNA Aptamer
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT We have used a DNA-aptamer tethered to an atomic force microscope probe to carry out recognition imaging of IgE molecules attached to a mica substrate. The recognition was efficient (~90%) and specific, being blocked by injection of IgE molecules in solution, and not being ...
Low Density Lipoprotein Aged in Plasma Forms Clusters Resembling Subendothelial Droplets: Aggregation via Surface Sites
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT In early phases of atherogenesis, droplets and vesicles accumulate in the subendothelial extracellular space of arterial intima. There is much evidence to suggest that these droplets, ranging between 100 and 400 nm, derive from modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL). In ...
Distinguishing Individual Lipid Headgroup Mobility and Phase Transitions in Raft-Forming Lipid Mixtures with ^sup 31^P MAS NMR
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT A model membrane system composed of egg sphingomyelin (SM), 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), and cholesterol was studied with static and magic angle spinning ^sup 31^P NMR spectroscopy. This model membrane system is of significant biological relevance since it is ...
Computational Modeling of Extracellular Mechanotransduction
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Mechanotransduction may occur through numerous mechanisms, including potentially through autocrine signaling in a dynamically changing extracellular space. We developed a computational model to analyze how alterations in the geometry of an epithelial lateral intercellular space ...
Unraveling Membrane-Mediated Substrate-Transporter Interactions
Jun 01, 2006; ... Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and homology modeling, Omote and Al-Shawi in this issue of Biophysical Journal bring new insights into the complex field of membrane-mediated substrate-transporter interactions. Most well-known transporters, such as peptide or sugar transporters, move ...
A Molecular Dynamics Study of the Effect of Ca^sup 2+^ Removal on Calmodulin Structure
Jun 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Calmodulin is a small (148 residues), ubiquitous, highly-conserved Ca^sup 2+^ binding protein serving as a modulator of many calcium-dependent processes. In this study, we followed, by means of molecular dynamics, the structural stability of the protein when one of its four ...
Analysis of a Generic Model of Eukaryotic Cell-Cycle Regulation
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT We propose a protein interaction network for the regulation of DNA synthesis and mitosis that emphasizes the universality of the regulatory system among eukaryotic cells. The idiosyncrasies of cell cycle regulation in particular organisms can be attributed, we claim, to specific ...
Conformational and Dynamical Properties of Disaccharides in Water: a Molecular Dynamics Study
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Explicit-solvent molecular dynamics simulations (50 ns, 300 K) of the eight reducing glucose disaccharides (kojibiose, sophorose, nigerose, laminarabiose, maltose, cellobiose, isomaltose, and gentiobiose) have been carried out using the GROMOS 45A4 force field (including a ...
Receptor-Receptor Coupling in Bacterial Chemotaxis: Evidence for Strongly Coupled Clusters
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Receptor coupling is believed to explain the high sensitivity of the Escherichia coli chemotaxis network to small changes in levels of chemoattractant. We compare in detail the activity response of coupled two-state receptors for different models of receptor coupling: ...
Three-Dimensional Modeling of Mechanical Forces in the Extracellular Matrix during Epithelial Lumen Formation
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Mechanical interactions between cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) mediate epithelial cyst formation. This work relies on the combination of numerical modeling with live cell imaging, to piece together a novel nonintrusive method for determining three-dimensional (3D) ...
Modeling Protein Conformational Changes by Iterative Fitting of Distance Constraints Using Reoriented Normal Modes
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Recently we have developed a normal-modes-based algorithm that predicts the direction of protein conformational changes given the initial state crystal structure together with a small number of pairwise distance constraints for the end state. Here we significantly extend this ...
Novel Changes in Discoidal High Density Lipoprotein Morphology: A Molecular Dynamics Study
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT ApoA-I is a uniquely flexible lipid-scavenging protein capable of incorporating phospholipids into stable particles. Here we report molecular dynamics simulations on a series of progressively smaller discoidal high density lipoprotein particles produced by incremental removal of ...
Absence of Fluid-Ordered/Fluid-Disordered Phase Coexistence in Ceramide/POPC Mixtures Containing Cholesterol
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The effect of temperature on the lateral structure of lipid bilayers composed of porcine brain ceramide and 1-palmitoyl 2-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine (POPC), with and without addition of cholesterol, were studied using differential scanning calorimetry. Fourier transformed ...
Closed-Loop Miscibility Gap and Quantitative Tie-Lines in Ternary Membranes Containing Diphytanoyl PC
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Vesicles containing ternary mixtures of diphytanoylphosphatidylcholine, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), and cholesterol produce coexisting liquid phases over an unusually large range of temperature and composition. Liquid domains persist well above the DPPC chain melting ...
Coexisting Domains in the Plasma Membranes of Live Cells Characterized by Spin-Label ESR Spectroscopy
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The importance of membrane-based compartmentalization in eukaryotic cell function has become broadly appreciated, and a number of studies indicate that these eukaryotic cell membranes contain coexisting liquid-ordered (L^sub o^) and liquid-disordered (L^sub d^) lipid domains ....
Uncoupling Store-Operated Ca^sup 2+^ Entry and Altered Ca^sup 2+^ Release from Sarcoplasmic Reticulum through Silencing of Junctophilin Genes
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Junctophilin (JP) mediates the close contact between cell surface and intracellular membranes in muscle cells ensuring efficient excitation-contraction coupling. Here we demonstrate that disruption of triad junction structure formed by the transverse tubular (TT) invagination of ...
Channel Density Regulation of Firing Patterns in a Cortical Neuron Model
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Modifying the density and distribution of ion channels in a neuron (by natural up- and downregulation or by pharmacological intervention or by spontaneous mutations) changes its activity pattern. In this investigation we analyzed how the impulse patterns are regulated by the ...
Biophysical Properties of the Apoptosis-Inducing Plasma Membrane Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Ion channels in the plasma membrane play critical roles in apoptosis. In a recent study we found that a voltage-dependent anion channel in the plasma membrane (VDACpl) of neuronal hippocampal cell line (HT22) cells was activated during apoptosis and that channel block prevented ...
Effects of Ceramide on Liquid-Ordered Domains Investigated by Simultaneous AFM and FCS
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The sphingolipid ceramides are known to influence lipid lateral organization in biological membranes. In particular, ceramide-induced alterations of microdomains can be involved in several cell functions, ranging from apoptosis to immune response. We used a combined approach of ...
Mismatches and Bubbles in DNA
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Single mismatches in the DNA double helix form nucleation sites for bubbles. Although the overall melting temperature of the duplex is affected to different degrees depending on the probe length, the statistical weights of the bubble states around the defect are always strongly ...
Galactosylceramide Domain Microstructure: Impact of Cholesterol and Nucleation/Growth Conditions
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Galactosylceramide (GalCer), a glycosphingolipid, is believed to exist in the extracellular leaflet of cell membranes in nanometer-sized domains or rafts. The local clustering of GalCer within rafts is thought to facilitate the initial adhesion of certain viruses, including ...
Characterization of Two Oxidatively Modified Phospholipids in Mixed Monolayers with DPPC
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The properties of two oxidatively modified phospholipids viz. 1-palmitoyl-2-(9'-oxo-nonanoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PoxnoPC) and 1-palmitoyl-2-azelaoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PazePC), were investigated using a Langmuir balance, recording force-area (π-A) ...
Thermodynamic Comparison of the Interactions of Cholesterol with Unsaturated Phospholipid and Sphingomyelins
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT A comparative analysis of the interaction of cholesterol (Chol) with palmitoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine (POPC) and sphingomyelins (SM) was performed in largely homogeneous, fluid-phase membranes at 50°C. To this end. three independent assays for isothermal titration ...
Conformational Analysis of Single DNA Molecules Undergoing Entropically Induced Motion in Nanochannels
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT We have used the interface between a nanochannel and a microchannel as a tool for applying controlled forces on a DNA molecule. A molecule, with a radius of gyration larger than the nanochannel width, that straddles such an interface is subject to an essentially constant ...
Design of Minimally Strained Nucleic Acid Nanotubes
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT A practical theoretical framework is presented for designing and classifying minimally strained nucleic acid nanotubes. The structures are based on the double crossover motif where each double-helical domain is connected to each of its neighbors via two or more ...
Kinetics of Insulin Aggregation: Disentanglement of Amyloid Fibrillation from Large-Size Cluster Formation
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Kinetics of human insulin aggregation has been studied at pH 1.6 and 60°C, when amyloid fibrils are formed. We developed a novel approach based on the analysis of scattered light intensity distribution, which allows distinguishing between small and large size aggregates. By this ...
The Crystal Structure at 1.5 [Angstrom] Resolution of an RNA Octamer Duplex Containing Tandem G.U Basepairs
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The crystal structure of the RNA octamer, 5'-GGCGUGCC-3' has been determined from x-ray diffraction data to 1.5 [Angstrom] resolution. In the crystal, this oligonucleotide forms five self-complementary double-helices in the asymmetric unit. Tandem 5'GU/3'UG basepairs comprise an ...
Side-Chain Interactions Determine Amyloid Formation by Model Polyglutamine Peptides in Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The pathological manifestation of nine hereditary neurodegenerative diseases is the presence within the brain of aggregates of disease-specific proteins that contain polyglutamine tracts longer than a critical length. To improve our understanding of the processes by which ...
Conformational Heterogeneity in RNA Polymerase Observed by Single-Pair FRET Microscopy
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Kinetic, structural, and single-molecule transcription measurements suggest that RNA polymerase can adopt many different conformations during elongation. We have measured the geometry of the DNA and RNA in ternary elongation complexes using single-pair fluorescence resonance ...
Gaussian-Weighted RMSD Superposition of Proteins: A Structural Comparison for Flexible Proteins and Predicted Protein Structures
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Many proteins contain flexible structures such as loops and hinged domains. A simple root mean square deviation (RMSD) alignment of two different conformations of the same protein can be skewed by the difference between the mobile regions. To overcome this problem, we have ...
Biophysical Characterization of the Enzyme I of the Streptomyces coelicolor Phosphoenolpyruvate:Sugar Phosphotransferase System
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The first protein in the bacterial phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP):sugar phosphotransferase system is the homodimeric 60-kDa enzyme I (EI), which autophosphorylates in the presence of PEP and Mg^sup 2+^. The conformational stability and structure of the EI from Streptomyces ...
A Biopolymer Transistor: Electrical Amplification by Microtubules
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Microtubules (MTs) are important cytoskeletal structures engaged in a number of specific cellular activities, including vesicular traffic, cell cyto-architecture and motility, cell division, and information processing within neuronal processes. MTs have also been implicated in ...
In Situ Fluorescent Protein Imaging with Metal Film-Enhanced Total Internal Reflection Microscopy
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Fluorescence detection of single molecules provides a means to investigate protein dynamics minus ambiguities introduced by ensemble averages of unsynchronized protein movement or of protein movement mimicking a local symmetry. For proteins in a biological assembly, taking ...
Two-Dimensional Infrared Spectroscopy Displays Signatures of Structural Ordering in Peptide Aggregates
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT In the presence of lipid bilayers, the hexapeptide AcWL^sub 5^ forms membrane-bound aggregates dominated by β-secondary structure and is thus a useful model for the onset of peptide aggregation in membrane environments. Two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) spectra in the amide ...
The Effect of Salt on Self-Assembled Actin-Lysozyme Complexes
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT We present a combined experimental and computational study of the bundling of F-actin filaments induced by lysozyme proteins. Synchrotron small-angle x-ray scattering results show that these bundles consist of close-packed columnar complexes in which the actin is held together ...
Macromolecular Size-and-Shape Distributions by Sedimentation Velocity Analytical Ultracentrifugation
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Sedimentation velocity analytical ultracentrifugation is an important tool in the characterization of macromolecules and nanoparticles in solution. The sedimentation coefficient distribution c(s) of Lamm equation solutions is based on the approximation of a single, ...
Swelling-Activated Pathways in Human T-Lymphocytes Studied by Cell Volumetry and Electrorotation
Jun 15, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Small organic solutes, including sugar derivatives, amino acids, etc., contribute significantly to the osmoregulation of mammalian cells. The present study explores the mechanisms of swelling-activated membrane permeability for electrolytes and neutral carbohydrates in Jurkat ...