Bulletin of the South Carolina Academy of Science back issues from January 2001:
Patrons.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001 ... <Pre> PATRONS Albemarle Corporation Martin Microscope Company Applied Education Technology Medical University of South Carolina Benedict College Medical University of South Carolina, Bowater, Inc. Library Serials Dept Ronald G ....
Donors.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001 ... <Pre> DONORS Amoco Performance Products Inman-Riverdale Foundation AVX Corporation Michelin Tire Company Bayer Corporation Ansel E. & Sharon B. Miller Bell South Communications Milliken Foundation Cryovac DivisionPhillip D ....
Past teachers of the year.(in South Carolina)(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001 ... <Pre> PAST TEACHERS OF THE YEAR John D. Bernard, 1970 Lower Richland High School Major C. Rhodes, 1972Spartanburg High School Troy Bridges, 1972 Spartanburg High School Elizabeth Reagan, 1974 J.L. Mann High School ...
1985-1988 Drug Science Foundation Award for Excellence in Science 1989-Present Governor's Award for Excellence in Science: recipients of previous awards.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001 ... <Pre> RECIPIENTS OF PREVIOUS AWARDS James R. Durig, 1985University of South Carolina Howard F. Harrison, 1986CR Seeds, Hartsville, South Carolina F. John Vernberg, 1987 University of South Carolina Darryl D. DesMarteau, 1988 ...
Schedule seventy-fourth annual meeting South Carolina Academy of Science: April 5th and 6th, 2001 Coastal Carolina University Conway, South Carolina.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001 ... <Pre> Thursday, April 5, 2001 5:30 PM - 7:30 PM SCAS Council MeetingWall Board and Dinner Room 7:30 PM - 8:30 PM Honors Program Lecture Wall Dr. Frederick Alt, Harvard ...
South Carolina Academy of Science: a topical session of the seventy-fourth annual meeting Coastal Carolina University April 5th and 6th, 2001.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001 ... <Pre> ASTRONOMY - B WALL 205, Presiding: Dr. "Var" Limpasuwan 1:30 PMModeling Gravitational Motion within a Binary StarSystem; David Keller Allen, Jim Neff; College ofCharleston. 1:45 PMThe Three Frequencies of the Slowly Pulsating B Star, ...
Is the Nutritional Value of Farm-Fresh Eggs and Commercially Farmed Eggs Different?(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Eggs are a common and beneficial food that provides protein and minerals. The quality of one type of egg could be drastically different than another type. This research project tests that theory, stating that farm-fresh eggs are more nutritional and of better quality than commercially ...
Muscle Fiber Distribution of the Soft Palate in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... It has been suggested that the alterations in morphologic features of the pharynx may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). In this investigation, pharyngeal tissue was obtained from three apneic patients in an attempt to detect a trend ...
The Effects of Concentration of 2-(40Isobutylphenyl) Propionic Acid (Ibuprofen) and Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) on the Reproduction Rate of Euglena Hemichromata.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Swiss scientists have recently identified 2-(4-isoturylphenyl)propionic acid (ibuprofen) in surface waters. Ibuprofen is estimated to have an annual production of several kilotons where 70-80% of the therapeutic dose, 600-1200 mg/d, is excreted as the parent compound and metabolites into ...
A Comparison and Analysis of Pathfinding Algorithms.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... This study compared the performance of five common graph search pathfinding algorithms within a bounded two-dimensional coordinate map system. A C++ computer program was created to measure the performance of each algorithm based upon execution time and path length in randomly generated ...
The Effect of Mouthwash on the Bacteria Found in the Mouth Over a Period of Time.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... This experiment was done to determine the amount of bacteria, if any, three different kinds of mouth wash eliminated. The mouthwashes tested in this experiment were Listerine,[R] Scope,[R] and Cepacol.[R] Distilled water was the control that each of the mouthwashes was compared to. The ...
How Much More Chemical and Wax Residue is Present on Non-Organically Processed Fruits and Vegetables Compared to Produce that is Labeled Organic?(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Grocery and health food stores have begun to offer produce labeled "organic". The organic produce claims to have been grown and harvested without chemical pesticides or fertilizers. Previous research indicates that there are more chemicals and waxes present on regular processed foods than ...
Are Environmentally Friendly Cleaning Products as Effective as Brand-Name Cleansers for Typical Household Chores?(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... This research project determined which cleanser removed grease and stains the best, while taking into consideration which cleanser is safer for the environment. Most consumers use brand-name cleansers, which contain chemicals harmful to the environment. Environmentalists suggest using ...
The Correlation Between the Height of a Tennis Player and the Speed of Their Serve.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... The speed of the serve is a major importance in the sport of tennis. One of the possible influences of the speed of the serve is the height of impact at which the tennis player hits the ball. The purpose of this research is to determine if the height of impact of the serve makes a ...
An Investigation of Spider Webs' Antibacterial Properties.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... The purpose of this investigation is to determine if spider webs exhibit antibacterial properties. In order to determine an antibacterial property, the spider webs will be placed upon a petrifilm and covered in a solution of sterile distilled water which contained the bacteria, Pseudomonas ...
Designing and Testing a Hybrid Fuel Cell and Battery Power Source for Sustaining Peak Power Loads.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Fuel cells have become more popular and interesting to scientific research due to their great number of uses and overall advantages, particularly their ability to provide an efficient energy source with water as their only byproduct. Fuel cells promise a technological option to be ...
The Exploration of Various Models in the Fractionation of Humic Materials in a Laboratory Setting.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Two logarithmic linearize equations for use in fractionation of NOM in the study of Trihalomethanes (THM) were tested. PSS and PEG were used with differing ironic strengths, concentrations and molecular weights. Concentration measurements were taken with the use of spectrophotometry and ...
Evaluation of Surface and Pore Water pH at Peat Bay, Savannah River Site.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... There has recently been a great desire to find out the impact that the Savannah River Site has on the environment. This study was performed to see how pH varied across the surface and by depth in one of the many Carolina Bays on the Savannah River Site. Depth studies were carried out at ...
The Relationship Between Cost and Puncture Resistance of Garbage Bags.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Four different brands of tall kitchen plastic garbage bags were tested for puncture resistance in order to determine if this puncture factor would be a reliable indicator for cost effectiveness in the bags. Each brand had different thicknesses of 0.69, 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9 millimeters. It is ...
Recovery of Longleaf and Loblolly Pine Stands After Hurricane Hugo.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... After Hurricane Hugo swept through South Carolina in 1989, sixteen plots were measured in Hobcaw Forest, a 17,500 ha tract of land on the lower coastal plain. All the trees within these plots were tagged, numbered, and measured. Eleven years later, this study was continued by re-measuring ...
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens for the Phytoremediation of Methyl Mercury.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... A prominent environment threat is xenobiotic contamination. Bioremediation, the use of microorganisms to clean the environment, has long been a method by which this type of contamination was maintained. However, a more practical process, that of phytoremediation, has since become a likely ...
Activation of PAR-2 in Gallus gallus Trypsin Activation of Proteinase-Activated Receptor-2 (PAR-2) and Its Role in Embryonic Programmed Motor Neuron Cell Death of Gallus gallus in ovo.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... The Proteinase Activated Receptor-2 (PAR-2) is one of four similar receptors discovered belonging to the group of proteinase activated receptors (PAR). PAR02 is antagonized by trypsin and the synthetic peptide sequence SLIGRL. In the embryonic development stages of vertebrates, neuronal ...
Analysis of Crawfish Production and Harvesting Techniques in Louisiana.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Louisiana produces over 85% of the world's commercial grade crawfish. In recent years, inclement conditions along with the lack of technological advancements have caused production in the state to drop dramatically. Crawfish production and harvesting techniques were studied in an attempt ...
Population Ecology of Southern Lycosidae Spiders.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... A study of Southern wolf spider populations was performed in order to determine if there were any possible differences between their ecology and the ecology of wolf spiders studied in the northern United States, and also to determine if a recent forest fire had any effect on the wolf ...
Synthesis and Characterization of 10-Aza-Housane with Bulky Substituents of Nitrogen.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... The synthesis of pentaprismane(1) has two currently favored syntheses stratagems, both of which use an intermediary compound known as a housane (Gribble, Hirth, 1996). A housane(2) is a molecule that is composed of two cyclopentyl dimers which are bonded to one another at the second and ...
A Study of the Relationship Between Bias Articles in the Washington Post and USA Today in the 1992 Presidential Election.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... The purpose of this study was to see if there was a significant difference in the way newspapers treat different presidential candidates; in this case, President George Bush and Governor Bill Clinton. This was done by finding every article on the two candidates from January 1, 1992, to ...
Study of Female Neotropical Species of the Genus Dasymutilla.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... There are hundreds of species of the wasp, Dasymutilla, in the United States that have been identified and organized into a dichotomous key. However, there are less than a hundred species known in a neotropical region. This study identifies and describes sixteen new species ...
Removal of Particulate Cerium Oxide Using Dense Phase Carbon Dioxide and Aqueous Surfactant.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Much of the radioactive waste at the Savannah River Site is transuranic waste. This waste includes rags, clothing, and tools contaminated with radioactive material. In an effort to permanently dispose of plutonium contaminated transuranic waste, the Department of Energy (DOE) is seeking ...
Repetition of Presented Words and its Effect on Memory in Children.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... This experiment was designed to determine the effects of abuse as well as repetition of presented words on children's memories. Children with parental consent were presented with word lists and later tested using a recall test. The subjects tests results were analyzed to determine if ...
Analysis of Data Gathered by Hipparcos Satellite on Cepheid Variable Stars.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Quantifying the shapes of Cepheid variable star light curves is a technique that has been in use for the past several decades. Work to date has been primarily done for a few stars observed at a single site or by compiling the data for many stars from various sites. The availability of ...
Mutation Analysis of the L1Cell Adhesion Molecule Gene.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... The L1Cell Adhesion Molecule (L1CAM) gene codes for a glycoprotein with six immunoglobulin (lg)-like domains and five fibronectin-like domains in the extracellular portion (Kohl et al., 1992). The L1CAM is typically expressed on neural cells and plays an important role in neurogenesis, ...
Synthesis and Characterization of a New (Nitro) Pyridyl Cobalt Tetraphenyl Porphyrin Derivative, (Nitro) Pyridyl Cobalt Tetra (Orthopivalamido) Phenyl Porphyrin.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... It recent research, (py)Co(III)TTP(N[O.sub.2]) derivatives have been synthesized for possible use as an industrial oxo-transfer catalyst. One problem that arose during analysis was that this compound and its derivatives undergo a phenomenon that appears to be a disproportionation reaction ....
Analysis of Photosensitizer Uptake in Roach Malpighian Tubules.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... With the outbreak of leukemia cases, there is a search for treatments that are more effective than chemotherapy or radiation. Many scientists are studying one such treatment, photodynamic therapy (PDT). Multidrug resistance, however, is becoming a problem with the photosensitizing drugs ...
Expression of Fc-[gamma] Receptors in Human Aortic Endothelial Cells Infected with Chlamydia pneumoniae.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Many studies have been conducted in the past linking infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae with atherosclerosis and linking increased expression of Fc-[gamma] receptors with infection with C. trachomatis. Following in the footsteps of the two aforementioned topics, research was conducted to ...
Effect of Various Catalysts on Bis-Ortho-Diynylarenes (BODA) Polymerization Kinetics and Analysis of Decomposition Kinetics of BODA Polymers.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Bis-ortho-diynylarenes (BODA) undergo cyclopolymerization at elevated temperatures to form polyarylene networks. Typically BODA monomers are polymerized neat or in solution at 210 [degrees] C or higher and in the absence of initiators or catalysts. However, our recent investigation has ...
Detection and Identification of a Virus in Spiranthes cernua.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Some plants in a population of S. cernua growing at a nursery in South Carolina were observed to display a chlorotic mosaic typically associated with infection by a virus. An ELISA test indicated the presence of a potyvirus. A PCR test for the presence of the potyvirus DsMV, which has ...
A Determination of Concentration and Types of Soil Bacteria, Arthropods, and Worms in Virgin Soil and Fill Dirt at a Construction Site.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... The number of bacteria colonies and the number of soil organisms, mesofauna and macrofauna, from various sites were collected to determine the fertility and productiveness of fill dirt versus virgin soil at construction sites. Culturing the bacteria in petri dishes and using a colony ...
First and Follow Based Analysis of Context-Free Grammars.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Using formal linguistic theory, a measurement of parser compilation difficulty called the First and Follow can be computed. This measurement can be used in the same manner as a software metric. However, previous software metrics measure characteristics of a single written program; ...
Which Common Algae Consumes the Most Oxygen, and Produces the Most Toxins as it Dies?(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... The three most common types of algae are cyanobacteria, chlorophyta, and rhodophyta. Rhodophyta can be found in saltwater environments, chlorophyta in freshwater environments, and cyanobacteria in both environments. As these algae progress through their life process, they produce toxins ...
The Effect of Refrigeration and Type of Container Used on Ascorbic Acid in Various Juices.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, is one of the most important vitamins found in citrus juices and many vegetables. Without any presence of vitamin C in the body, a person will eventually die. There are at least three hundred functions in the human body that require adequate levels of vitamin ...
An Application of the Minimax Algorithm in a Parallel Environment.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Parallelism can be a very effective way to increase the performance of a computing task, and theoretically should be beneficial to algorithms similar to the minimax algorithm, which can be used in move generation for simple computer versions of classic board games. In order to evaluate and ...
The Effects of Prunus avium, Vitis vinifera, and Vaccinium myrtillus on Mus musculus `Cognitive Learning and Psychomotor Skills.(Brief Article)(Statistical Data Included)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Humans experience slower, less effective functions as they age. Antioxidants can prevent or reverse some of the deficits in these functions. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not the following fruits, cherries, grapes, and bilberries, which are high in antioxidants, can ...
The Effect of Time on the Mozart Effect.(spatial temporal ability )(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... A study done by Rauchser, Shaw, and Ky found that after listening to Mozart's Sonata for Two Piano's in D Major, the spatial temporal ability of the test subjects was temporarily improved. The goals of this project were to confirm their findings, and to examine the impact of time on the ...
A Novel in vitro Study of the Effect of [delta]-Aminoleuvlinic Acid on the Production of Class I c-Type Cytochromes in Bacillus subtilis as an Indicator of Bioheme Synthesis in Cell Metabolism.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... The study was based on the possibility of accelerating the bioheme synthesis in Bacillus subtilis by increasing the amount of [delta]-aminoleuvlinic acid, a necessary precursor for the synthesis. After the synthesis is completed, the organism has access to a limited amount of cytochrome c, ...
A Study of the Preferences of Reticulitermes flavipes for Various Wood Products Used in Residential Construction.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Termites strike over 500,000 homes and cause over 2 billion dollars in damage each year, increasing every year. The purpose of this research was to determine if the termite Reticulitermes flavipes prefer Cedar, Douglas Fir, Whitewood, Red Oak, Poplar, and the Aspen commonly used in ...
A Study of the Rhizosphere of the Marsh Grass Juncus roemericus.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Samples from the rhizosphere of the marsh grass Juncus roemericus were taken from two sites, one a pure Juncus strand and one from an island of Juncus called Juncus Island, and cultured on four different carbon sources: sucrose, citrate, and malate. The resulting nitrogen-fixing bacteria ...
A Comparison of Bokashi Compost to Traditional Soil Amendments.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... The growth of Brassica rapa seeds grown with the addition of anaerobic Bokashi compost was compared to the growth of Brassica rapa seeds grown with additions of mushroom compost, garden compost, and potting soil in order to determine which growing medium produces the healthiest plants in ...
Antibiotic Production of Marine Bacterial Isolates Extracted from White Pox Disease in Acropora palmata Corals.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... The purposes of this research were to identify bacteria as antibiotic-producing agents against some common bacterial pathogens in humans, and to analyze these results from a marine biological prospective to obtain data as to the virtually unknown marine bacterial environment. Bacterial ...
An Assessment of Cervical Cancer Incidence in South Carolina with the Use of Diabetes Hospitalization as an Indicator of Access to Care.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... The cervical cancer rates in South Carolina are higher than in any other state in the United States. The reasons for these high rates are unclear, but some factors are major constituents. For example, access to primary care is a major factor. It has been seen that lack of access to primary ...
A Study of the Bacterial Transference of Antibacterial and Untreated Vinyl and Latex Gloves.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... While gloves do provide a barrier between the wearer and the subject, transference of bacteria from one to the other is still possible. There are chemicals in some gloves that can kill bacteria within seconds of contact (N-halamine). The purpose of this experiment was to test if different ...
The Effect of Random Packing By Pouring or Raining as Compared to Face Centered Cubic Packing of Particles on the Porosity and Permeability of a Packed Structure.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Porosity is the amount of water a packed structure can hold expressed as a percentage. Permeability is the amount of water able to flow through a system. The purpose of this experiment was to test the effect of random packing of small round objects, by pouring or raining, on the porosity ...
Evaluation of Surface and Pore Water pH at Peat Bay Wetlands, Savannah River Site.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Surface and pore water pH were studied at Peat Bay Wetlands, located at the Savannah River Site. It is known that the Savannah River site, especially Peat Bay Wetlands, is contaminated because of the facility constructed in the 1950s to produce material for nuclear weapons. Through ...
A Study of the Amount of Lead Content in Soils Surrounding Abandoned Gasoline Stations.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Some soils have been polluted with lead as a result of prior use of materials such as leaded gasoline. Lead contaminated soils are commonly located by old homes and buildings due to lead based paint and by heavily traveled roadways contaminated by automotive emissions. The purpose of this ...
Expression and Distribution of Adam 9 (A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease) in the Developing Rat Heart.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... The human heart begins developing early in gestation and lasts for a period of six weeks. Migration and proliferation of cells are essential to proper heart development. These processes are guided by the interactions between individual cells and the extracellular matrix. ADAMs (A ...
A Novel Study Investigating the Effect of Formula 409[R], Commercial Fantastic,[R] Bolex,[R] and Bravo HD[R] on the Growth of Escherichia coli K-12 After Prolonged Exposure.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... The question of this research is, will Escherichia coli K-12 develop resistance to disinfectants used in public buildings by bacterial mutation? An hypothesis was formed stating that the antiseptic solutions chosen would be more effective as antibacterial agents than the germicides chosen, ...
The Effect of Different Metals Used in Creating a Baseball Bat on the Resulting Vibrations of the Bat.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... In this experiment, three baseball bats of controlled length and weight from different manufacturers were tested to determine which had the largest sweet spot. It was hypothesized that the bat made by Louisville Slugger would have the largest sweet spot compared to the Worth and Easton ...
The Extraction of Fungal DNA from Healthy and Diseased Samples of Pseudopterogorgia acerosa and Pseudopterogorgia americana Corals.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Among the many gorgonian coral diseases, only one has been systematically characterized. The fungal pathogen affecting sea fans, Aspergillus sydowii, was identified through morphological and nucleotide-sequence data. The disease, aspergillosis, rapidly resulted in the mass mortality of sea ...
Creation of a Variable Timestep Integrator for Use in Molecular Dynamics.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... The purpose of this project was to design a variable timestep integrator that could be used to reduce the amount of CPU time required to run molecular dynamics simulations while retaining acceptable energy conservation. A routine was written that would allow the current program to accept a ...
The Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition Over Time.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Solutions of [H.sub.2][O.sub.2] that had been left in an open container were added to the bacteria Clostridium sporgenes as it grew, and the efficacy of the decomposed [H.sub.2][O.sub.2]'s antibacterial properties were evaluated based on this growth. 50.00 mL samples of [H.sub.2][O.sub.2] ...
A Study on the Behavior of VY Sculptoris-Type Cataclysmic Variables.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... This research was conducted through the assistance of Western Kentucky University and Indiana University. The purpose of this research project was to study VY Sculptoris cataclysmic variables, a type of binary star subset. Lightcurves from Indiana University were obtained, studied and ...
Search for Variable Components for Autonomous Robots.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Dr. Victor Giurgiutiu of the University of South Carolina teaches a class in programming the popular Motorola MC58HC11A8 microcontroller. For this class, a reliable piece of hardware was needed that would fully exploit the capabilities of the micro controller. An autonomous robot was ...
The Determination of the Concentration of Particulate Matter in Different Rooms of a Household.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Inhaling indoor air pollution can gradually lead to lung disease, respiratory tract infections, lung cancer, and asthma. Biological pollutants including molds, bacteria dust mites, and animal dander are sources of particulate matter that promote poor indoor air quality. The purpose of this ...
Characterization of Electrically Conductive Polymers.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... The major problem with characterizing electrically conductive polymer films is that they have high light absorbance, while current characterization methods rely on high transmittance. The main objective of this research was to examine two characterization methods, conductivity testing and ...
The Effects of Clover, Wild Flower, and Manuka Honey on the Growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and Streptococcus salivarius.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... The effectiveness of using honey as an antibacterial treatment for common burns and scrapes was determined by testing the effect of clover, wild flower, and manuka honey on the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and Streptococcus salivarius. It was ...
Cooling a Computer Processor Using a Water System.(Brief Article)
Jan 01, 2001; ... This project explored low-cost ways to water-cool a computer effectively. It was discovered that by using an inexpensive peltier based water system the performance dramatically increased, by making the computer run faster and more stable. These conclusions were drawn because the ...