Chemicals & Chemistry back issues from May 2009:
Scientists at University of Arkansas, Department of Agriculture publish new data on avian research.
May 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from the United States, "Femoral head separation (FHS) and necrosis is a sporadic leg problem of unknown etiology in broiler breeders. To determine the underlying physiology of FHS, the blood chemistry and histopathology of the femoral growth plates of the ...
Data on molecular research described by researchers at University of KwaZulu-Natal.
May 01, 2009 ... "The properties of the Molecular complexes formed between boron trifluoride and the methyl halides, CH3F and CH3Cl, have been computed by means of a series of ab initio calculations, at the second order level of Moller-Plesset perturbation theory, using a triple-zeta Gaussian basis set ...
New science study findings have been reported by T. Navratil and co-researchers.
May 01, 2009 ... "A newly constructed electrochemical multisensor containing 8 different sensors (5 different solid amalgam electrodes, platinum, gold and glassy carbon electrodes) for analysis of small sample volumes (5-200 mu L) was developed. The multisensor was connected to the specially constructed ...
Findings in planetary science reported from Cornell University.
May 01, 2009 ... According to a study from the United States, "Synchrotron Radiation Scanning X-Ray Fluorescence Microscopy (SXFM) was used for the first spatially/temporally resolved investigation of the multielemental chemistry of bristlecone pine (Pinus longaeva D. K. Bailey). A new protocol was ...
Research on macromolecular science reported by scientists at Nanjing University.(Report)
May 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from Nanjing, People's Republic of China, "The surface contact disinfecting technique is a newly developed method for water sterilization. In this paper, the grafted quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) antibacterial fibers were prepared and designed to apply for ...
Studies from Shandong University provide new data on materials chemistry.(Report)
May 01, 2009 ... According to recent research published in the Journal of Materials Chemistry, "In this study, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) micromeshes with high crystallinity and yield have been prepared by B2O3, Mg and NaN3 in a stainless steel autoclave at 450 degrees C, which have diameters of up to ...
Studies from J. Sinha and co-researchers in the area of macromolecular research published.
May 01, 2009 ... According to recent research published in the journal Macromolecules, "'Click''able monomer and polymers based on 3,4-propylenedioxythiophene, ProDOT, which can be functionalized either at the monomer stage or after the polymerization, were synthesized and characterized for the first time ....
Research from University of Gottingen provide new insights into vegetation science.
May 01, 2009 ... "What role does air humidity play as an environmental factor for the abundance and distribution of temperate woodland herbs? Beech forests on calcareous soils in southern lower Saxony, central Germany. The abundance of woodland herb species and total herb cover were investigated in 60 ...
Studies from D. Larosa and colleagues provide new data on applied electrochemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Messina, Italy, "The physico-chemical properties of two protonic electrolytes BaCe0.8Y0.2O3-delta and BaCe0.9Y0.1O3-delta were investigated." "The BaCe0.8Y0.2O3-delta electrolyte showed better crystallographic purity and lower amount of carbonate phase ...
Research in the area of astronomy reported from P. Bryans and colleagues.(Report)
May 01, 2009 ... "Dielectronic recombination (DR) of singly charged ions is a reaction pathway that is commonly neglected in chemical models of molecular clouds. In this study we include state-of-the-art DR data for He+, C+, N+, O+, Na+, and Mg+ in chemical models used to simulate dense molecular clouds, ...
New chemistry research has been reported by scientists at University of Cambridge.
May 01, 2009 ... "We report on a combined experimental and computational investigation on the synthesis and thorough characterization of the structure of perylene-functionalized polyisocyanides. Spectroscopic analyses and extensive molecular dynamics studies revealed a well defined 4, helix in which the ...
Research data from M. Makhloufichebli and colleagues update understanding of heterocyclic chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... "N-Aryl-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one-3-carbothiamides and N-aryl-4-hydroxycoumarin-3-carbothiamides were synthesized by the reaction of arylisothiocyanates with 4-hydroxy-6-methylpyran-2-one and 4-hydroxycoumarin, respectively," scientists writing in the Journal of Heterocyclic ...
Studies by S. Canneaux and co-authors describe new findings in physical chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... According to recent research published in the Journal of Physical Chemistry a, "The rate constants of the 2-, 3-, and 4-methylbenzylperoxy isomerization reactions have been computed using the elaborated CASPT2 method. Geometry optimizations and vibrational frequency calculations are ...
New chemical research data have been reported by C.C. Lu and co-authors.
May 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from Taipei, Taiwan, "A new gelator of urea-containing triazine derivatives was synthesized, and its gelation potential was examined in different organic solvents. The compound was found to form organogels with a variety of organic solvents such as decalin and ...
New organic chemistry data have been reported by researchers at Saurashtra University.
May 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Rajkot, India, "Symmetric diimines have been reduced to their corresponding amines by means or NaBH4 using THF as a solvent at room temperature." "The reaction time and yield are 3-4 hr and 77-93%, respectively. Reduction process is very effective, ...
Research from S.K. Singh and colleagues has provided new data on radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Mumbai, India, "This paper presents a simple, rapid and sensitive radiometric method for the determination of uranium in Thorex Process stream containing large amount of thorium. This method involves the extraction of uranium into 0.05M tri-n-octyl phosphine oxide ...
Study results from University of Bayreuth broaden understanding of biogeochemistry.(Report)
May 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Bayreuth, Germany, "The Ferrous Wheel Hypothesis (Davidson et al. 2003) postulates the abiotic formation of dissolved organic N (DON) in forest floors, by the fast reaction of NO2 (-) with dissolved organic C (DOC). We investigated the abiotic reaction of NO2 (-) ...
Study results from University of Hawaii update understanding of geochemical research.
May 01, 2009 ... "We use a network of cores from 77 peatland sites to determine controls on peat C content and peat C accumulation over the last 2000 years ( since 2 ka) across Russia's West Siberian Lowland (WSL), the world's largest wetland region. Our results show a significant influence of fossil plant ...
Recent findings from Nanyang Technological University highlight research in electrochemical research.
May 01, 2009 ... "Pd-CeO2/C electrocatalyst was successfully prepared by first depositing CeO2 onto carbon black through the microwave-assisted heating process under the presence of ammonium, followed by the reduction of Pd nanoparticles," scientists in Singapore, Singapore report. "In order to ...
Recent findings from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration highlight research in aquatic research.
May 01, 2009 ... According to a study from the United States, "A technique was developed to determine apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of protein in microparticulate and live feeds for marine fish larvae. The technique is analogous to methods used for larger fish and allows for an in vivo ...
Reports outline inorganic chemistry research from A.Y. Shah and colleagues.
May 01, 2009 ... "Di- and tri-organogermanium carboxylates, [R2Ge(O2CAr)(2)] and [R3Ge(O2CAr)] (R = Me, Et or Bu; Ar = C5H4N,C9H6N), have been synthesized by the reactions of the corresponding dialkyldichloro germane and trialkylchloro/bromo germane with an appropriate sodium salt of N-heterocyclic ...
Data from University of Guilan provide new insights into solution chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... "Experimental data from dielectric investigations of solutions of flourobenzene (FB) and its mesogenic derivative (1-fluoro-4-(4-pentylcyclohexyl) benzene (FPCHB) in 1,4-dioxane are reported for various mole fractions and temperatures," scientists in Iran report. "The molecular ...
Research from Y.J. Liu and co-researchers in the area of metal chemistry published.
May 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, "Three novel unsymmetric tridentate ligands, namely, ptmi (ptmi = 3-(1,10-phenanthroline-2-yl)-as-triazino[5,6-f]-5-methoxyisatin), pti (pti = 3-(1,10-phenanthroline-2-yl)-as-triazino-[5,6-f]isatin), ptni (ptni = ...
Study data from Oregon State University provide new insights into biological chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... "The orphan nuclear receptor chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor I (COUP-TFI) plays key roles in development and homeostasis. A tandem affinity purification procedure revealed that COUP-TFI associated with a number of transcriptional regulatory proteins in HeLa S3 ...
Study results from H. Yuasa et al provide new insights into carbohydrate chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... "To apply the latex agglutination lectin assay (LALA) to carbohydrate ligands, monosaccharide derivatives were incorporated onto latex beads by various methods, and the usefulness of the resulting beads was evaluated. The best outcome, which resulted in aggregation with lectin ...
Research from National Cancer Institute yields new findings on cancer vaccines.
May 01, 2009 ... According to a study from the United States, "Exposure to anthrax leaves susceptible hosts at prolonged risk of infection since spores can persist in vivo for months before germinating to cause life-threatening disease. Anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA, the licensed US vaccine) induces ...
Reports summarize chemical biology research from University of Warwick.
May 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Coventry, the United Kingdom, "Bacterial pathogens need to scavenge iron from their host for growth and proliferation during infection. They have evolved several strategies to do this, one being the biosynthesis and excretion of small, high-affinity iron chelators ...
Research from Boston University has provided new data on chemotherapy.
May 01, 2009 ... "There are limited data describing the concentrations of zidovudine, lamivudine, and nevirapine in nursing infants as a result of transfer via breast milk. The Kisumu Breastfeeding Study is a phase IIb open-label trial of prenatal, intrapartum, and postpartum maternal treatment with ...
Research from A. Stroobants and co-authors yields new data on applied biochemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from Gembloux, Belgium, "Copper and zinc are essential trace elements participating in many physiological functions, notably immunity and protection against oxidative stress. Yeasts and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in particular, possess in their genome ...
Researchers from University of Genoa publish new studies and findings in the area of neurochemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Genoa, Italy, "The existence of pre-synaptic auto- and hetero receptors which modulate neurotransmitter release is well documented. Emerging evidence show that in some cases these pre-synaptic receptors may also cross-talk with each other." "The aim of ...
Investigators at Kyoto University publish new data on chemical research.
May 01, 2009 ... According to recent research published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, "CaFeO2, a material exhibiting an unprecedented layered structure containing 3d(6) iron in a high-spin distorted square-planar coordination, is reported. The new phase, obtained through a ...
New materials chemistry findings from Iwate University published.
May 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Morioka, Japan, "Spinel-type lithium manganese oxides have shown considerable promise for the positive electrode in lithium batteries but have suffered from poor performance at high temperatures (40-60 degrees C). The electrochemical properties of BiOF-coated ...
Reports outline biological chemistry study findings from Tohoku University.
May 01, 2009 ... "A light signal is converted into an electrical one in a single molecule named channelrhodopsin, one of the archaea-type rhodopsins in unicellular green algae. Although highly homologous, two molecules of this family, channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and -2 (ChR2), are distinct in photocurrent ...
Studies by R.I. Zubatyuk and co-authors describe new findings in physical chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Ukraine, "Tautomerism and resonance-assisted hydrogen bonding have been analyzed on the basis of the results of ab initio calculations at the MP2/AUG-cc-pVDZ level of theory for the series of molecules containing different heterocycles connected with resonance ...
Researchers from University of Hyogo describe findings in chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... "An extremely simple dibenzopentalene synthesis from readily available 2-bromo-1-ethynylbenzenes using a nickel(0) complex is described. Although the yields are moderate, the formation of three C-C bonds in a single process and the high availability of the starting materials are important ...
Studies from N. Petrasauskiene et al further understanding of chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... "IR and UV absorption spectra show that selenopentathionate anions are sorbed into the polyamide 6 films if they are treated with 0.025-0.2 mol/dm(3) solutions of potassium selenopentathionate, K2SeS4O6, in 0.1 mol/dm(3) HCl at 30 and 50 degrees C. The concentration of sorbed ...
Report summarizes solar research study findings from Goddard Space Flight Center.(Report)
May 01, 2009 ... According to recent research published in the journal Icarus, "We present a new calibration of the elemental-abundance data for Asteroid 433 Eros taken by the X-ray spectrometer (XRS) aboard the NEAR-Shoemaker spacecraft. (NEAR is an acronym for ''Near-Earth Asteroid Rendezvous.'') ...
Reports outline chemical biology study results from H.Z. Hu et al.
May 01, 2009 ... "Zinc is an essential biological trace element. It is required for the structure or function of over 300 proteins, and it is increasingly recognized for its role in cell signaling," scientists in the United States report. "However, high concentrations of zinc have cytotoxic ...
Research from Manonmaniam Sundaranar University in inorganic chemistry provides new insights.
May 01, 2009 ... "The kinetics of (salen)Mn-III complexes-catalysed oxidation of a few diphenyl sulphides by hydrogen peroxide have been investigated at 25 degrees C in acetonitrile (80%)-water (20%) spectrophotometrically. The reaction follows first-order kinetics in (salen)Mn-III complex and zero-order ...
Studies from G. Pellizzer et al provide new data on life sciences.(Report)
May 01, 2009 ... According to a study from the United States, "Children from 8 to 12 years of age drew figure-eights and ellipses at a self-chosen tempo on a digitizing tablet. Global aspects (perimeter and average speed) and local aspects (relation between instantaneous speed and curvature) of performance ...
Researchers at University of Utrecht have published new data on physical chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... "Sulfur K-edge XANES has been measured for three sulfur model compounds, dibenzothiophene, dibenzothiophene sulfone, and aliphatic sulfur (DL-methionine). The spectra have been simulated with Density Functional Theory (DFT) by using a number of methods, including the half-core-hole ...
Findings from Jilin University broaden understanding of materials chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... "A series of novel mesoporous silica materials with ultra-large pores (20 to 40 nm in size), interconnected channel structure, thick walls (15 to 20 nm), high hydrothermal stability and selective protein adsorption were synthesized via a new synthetic strategy. We used Brij-56 and Brij-97 ...
Study results from F. Cataldo and colleagues broaden understanding of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... "Poly(dimethylbutadiene) (PDMB) was synthesized through the inclusion polymerization technique, by gamma-irradiation of a clathrate of 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene in deoxycholic acid (DOCA) at 75, 150, 320 and 430 kGy. The resulting inclusion complexes PDMB@DOCA were studied by FTIR ...
New solution chemistry study findings recently were reported by N. Kumaraguru and co-researchers.
May 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Vellore, India, "Surface active micelle formable surfactant-Cr(III) complexes of the type cis-alpha-[Cr(trien)(C16H33NH2)X](2+) (where trien = triethylenetetramine; X = F-, Cl-, Br-) have been studied in n-alcohol and in formamide at different temperatures by ...
Investigators at University of Pretoria have published new data on chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... "On exposure to the potential carcinogen 1,3-butadiene, the major urinary metabolite in humans is N-acetyl-S-(3,4-dihydroxybutyl)cysteine. A novel, stereoselective synthesis of this cysteine-butadiene metabolite has been developed that is suitable for the production of either diastereomer ...
Researchers at University of London, Imperial College publish new data on chemical research.(Report)
May 01, 2009 ... "Singlet molecular oxygen, O-2(a(1)Delta(g)), can be created in a single cell from ground-state oxygen, O-2(X-3 Sigma(-)(g)), upon focused laser irradiation of an intracellular sensitizer. This cytotoxic species can subsequently be detected by its 1270 nm phosphorescence (a(1)Delta(g) ...
Study results from University of Massachusetts in the area of physical chemistry published.
May 01, 2009 ... "We study theoretically the mechanical failure of a simple model of double-stranded DNA under an applied shear," scientists in the United States report. "Starting from a more microscopic Hamiltonian that describes a sheared DNA, we arrive at a nonlinear generalization of a ...
Studies from A. Kerridge and co-researchers yield new data on physical chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... "Spin-orbit free CASPT2 wave functions and energies are presented for the ground and 31 excited states of three f element sandwich Molecules; thorocene (ThCOT2), protactinocene (PaCOT2), and cerocene (CeCOT2). Ground-state metal-ring centroid distances are optimized at this level and show ...
Studies from Technical University update current data on materials chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Chemnitz, Germany, "Two series of new V-shaped molecules, containing a central thiazole or thiadiazole bending unit have been synthesised." "The design is based on shape-persistent phenylene ethynylene scaffolds that were attached stepwise with high ...
Reports from Vrije University Amsterdam advance knowledge in physical chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... "The micrometer-scale length of some protein polymers allows them to be mechanically manipulated in single-molecule experiments. This provides a direct way to measure persistence length," researchers in Netherlands report. "We have used a double optical trap to elastically ...
Researchers at University of Michigan publish new data on chemical research.
May 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from the United States, "The rate of indotyl O- to C-acetyl or carboxyl rearrangement is accelerated by the electron-withdrawing N-diphenylacetyl group (DPA) using the conformationally restricted chiral catalysts AcOLeDMAP (12b) and BnOLeDMAP (13b)." ...
Reports from Jadavpur University describe recent advances in metal chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Calcutta, India, "Two new square-planar Ni(II) complexes, [NiL1(NCS)] (1) and [NiL2(N-3)] (2) have been synthesized with the unsymmetrical tridentate Schiff base ligands [(CH3)(2)NCH2CH2N=C(CH3)CH=C(OH)(C6H5)], L (1) H, derived from benzoylacetone and ...
Data on chemistry discussed by M. Pohanka and colleagues.
May 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Czech Republic, "D-Lactate dehydrogenase (cytochrome) was isolated from baker's yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) using fast protein liquid chromatography. Mitochondria from disrupted cells were separated and enzymes released by Triton X-100." ...
Scientists at Chungbuk National University report research in physical chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... "A photodepletion spectrum of gaseous protonated tyrosine molecules was obtained at 150 K by a UV laser spectroscopic technique in conjunction with mass spectrometry and interpreted by theoretical methods. The spectrum exhibits three distinct bands separated each other by about 800 ...
Research from Hebrew University provides new data about solution chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... "In concentrated salt solutions the average distances between the ions, d (av)=1.1844a < ...(a nu (i) c (i) )(-1/3) nm, are commensurate with the sizes of the solvated ions, so that no 'bulk solvent' remains. This is illustrated with two saturated aqueous solutions, where 16.67 mola ...
New organic chemistry study findings have been published by scientists at Mangalore University.
May 01, 2009 ... "A new series of 3-(4,6-disubstituted-2-thiomethylpyrimidyl)-4-amino-5-mercapto-1,2-4-triazoles have been synthesized. These triazoles on reaction with aldehydes in the presence of acid catalyst forms Schiff's bases," scientists in India report. "These Schiff's bases can exist ...
Studies from T. Pradhan et al have provided new data on solution chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Calcutta, India, "Fluorescence emission spectroscopy have been used to investigate the effects of electrolytes on the excited state intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) reaction in 4-(1-azetidinyl)benzonitrile (P4C) in very dilute to concentrated electrolyte ...
Research reports on chemical technology from P.A.M. Najar and colleagues provide new insights.
May 01, 2009 ... "Thin layer chromatography (TLC) has been Used for the detection and separation of Al3+, Fe2+, Si4+ and Ti4+ in bauxite. Thirty bauxite samples of different geological origin have been studied to identify the optimized chromatographic systems capable of selective separations of the ...
New chemistry data have been reported by scientists at University of Bonn.
May 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from Bonn, Germany, "A high-level theoretical study on the relative stabilities of oxaphosphirane isomers and their Cr(CO)(5) complexes is reported. Furthermore, thermodynamics and kinetics of possible ring-opening reactions of these complexes in the presence ...
New findings from University of Arizona describe advances in science.
May 01, 2009 ... "A new circumstellar molecule, the radical AlO (X (2)Sigma(+)), has been detected toward the envelope of the oxygen-rich supergiant star VY Canis Majoris (VY CMa) using the Arizona Radio Observatory (ARO). The N = 7 → 6 and 6 → 5 rotational transitions of AlO at 268 and 230 GHz ...
Research on chemistry described by scientists at Department of Agriculture.
May 01, 2009 ... "The synthetic pathway to the furan-containing macrolide pheromone (1) of Galerucella beetles was shortened from 13 steps in the original synthesis to 10 steps, and the overall yield was increased greater than six-fold. A concise Reformatsky-based sequence of reactions was utilized to ...
Studies conducted at Jagiellonian University on chemistry recently published.
May 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Krakow, Poland, "The HOMA (Harmonic Oscillator Model of Aromaticity) index is one of the most useful and popular calculation methods in the pi-electron delocalization studies. Its idea is simple and calculations are very fast." "Nevertheless, the HOMA ...
Reports outline organic chemistry study findings from T. Karabasanagouda and colleagues.
May 01, 2009 ... "A series of new pyrazolines 3a-m and isoxazoles 4a-k haw been synthesized from 4-acetylthioanisole, 1 with aryl aldehydes through alpha, beta-unsaturated ketones," scientists in India report. "The structures of the newly synthesized compounds have been confirmed oil the basis ...
New biological chemistry study findings have been published by G. Pascreau and colleagues.
May 01, 2009 ... "p53 is an important tumor suppressor regulating the cell cycle at multiple stages in higher vertebrates. The p53 gene is frequently deleted or mutated in human cancers, resulting in loss of p53 activity," scientists in the United States report. "This leads to centrosome ...
Studies from N.T. Pokhodylo and colleagues reveal new findings on chemistry.
May 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from Ukraine, "New heterocyclic azides, ethyl 2-azido-4-R-1-5-R-2-3-thiophenecarboxylates, were synthesized by diazotization of 2-aminothiophenes and subsequent treatment with sodium azide." "The reactions of these heterocyclic azides with ...