Health & Medicine Week back issues from October 2008:
Serious disease in pet lizards caused by new bacteria.
Oct 06, 2008 ... Skin infections are common in pet lizards and can lead to fatal organ disease and septicaemia. Infections are particularly risky in lizards that are bred in captivity for release into the wild, as they can spread into the wild population. The cause of these diseases has been unclear but ...
Reports outline acute myeloid leukemia research from University of Barcelona.(Report)
Oct 06, 2008 ... "The CEBPA gene codes for a transcription factor that has a pivotal role in controlling proliferation and differentiation of myeloid progenitors. Acquired CEBPA mutations have been found in acute myeloid leukemias (AML) with a good prognosis, and most of these patients have a normal ...
Findings from Drew University broaden understanding of addiction medicine.(Report)
Oct 06, 2008 ... "We examined the role of drug use and addiction in same-sex sexuality among non-gay-identifying African American men who have sex with men or with both men and women (MSM/MSMW). Between July 2005 and February 2006, we conducted seven focus groups with 46 predominately low socioeconomic ...
New research on adenocarcinoma from T. Kohno and co-authors summarized.(Report)
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to recent research published in the journal Carcinogenesis, "The pulmonary adenoma susceptibility 1 (Pas1) gene affects susceptibility to the development of lung adenomas in mice with a subset of the adenomas progressing to adenocarcinoma (ADC). In this study, genotype ...
Scientists at University of Oslo target adenocarcinoma.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to a study from Oslo, Norway, "The majority of solid human malignancies demonstrate DNA aneuploidy as a consequence of chromosomal instability. We wanted to investigate whether Aurora A, Aurora B, BUB1B and Mad2 were associated with the development of aneuploidy in colorectal ...
InVitria Touts Product Advantages at Cambridge's Cell Culture Conference.(Conference news)
Oct 06, 2008 ... InVitria (http://www.invitria.com/) addressed attendees at Cambridge Healthtech Institute's 4th Annual "Optimizing Cell Culture Development" Conference on September 15-16 in Boston, Massachusetts and announced its most recent results optimizing cell culture media using its product line of ...
New findings from University of Auckland describe advances in aging research.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to recent research from Auckland, New Zealand, "The size of the burden of unmet needs of older people living in the community is unknown. We aim to validate a brief postal questionnaire, the Brief Risk Identification of Geriatric Health Tool (BRIGHT) questionnaire, to find cases ...
Reports outline aging research from University of Sydney.(Report)
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to recent research from Australia, "This study aims to develop and evaluate a simple fracture risk index for use in frail older people. clinical risk factors were assessed at baseline for 2,005 older people (473 males, 1,532 females; mean age 85.7 years, SD 7.1 years) living in ...
Recent findings in alcohol and alcoholism described by W.C. Kerr and colleagues.
Oct 06, 2008 ... In this recently published study, investigators in the United States conducted a study "To estimate the average of and sources of variation in the alcohol content of drinks served on premise in 10 Northern Californian counties. Focus groups of bartenders were conducted to evaluate ...
Reports summarize alcohol and alcoholism research from P. Maccioni and co-authors.
Oct 06, 2008 ... "Activation of the GABA(B) receptor-either by means of direct agonists (like baclofen) or positive allosteric modulators (like GS39783)-has been observed to suppress alcohol drinking and reinforcement in rats and mice. The present study was conducted to assess and compare the effect of ...
Research from J.T. Halme and co-researchers in the area of alcohol and alcoholism described.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to a study from Helsinki, Finland, "Hazardous drinking, defined as consuming alcohol on a risky level and not meeting the diagnostic criteria of alcohol use disorders (AUDs), has been suggested for a new complementary nondependence diagnosis. This study aimed to investigate the ...
Research on alcohol and alcoholism discussed by N.W. Gilpin and co-researchers.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to a study from the United States, "Chronic intermittent alcohol vapor exposure and selective breeding procedures have been used separately for many years to model specific aspects of alcohol dependence. The purpose of the present investigation was to combine these 2 approaches ...
Study findings on alcohol and alcoholism are outlined in reports from A.M. Maldonado and colleagues.
Oct 06, 2008 ... "Initiation of alcohol consumption during adolescence is high, which usually begins with consumption of highly concentrated sweetened alcoholic beverages in adolescent humans. Enhanced voluntary ethanol (EtOH) intake has been observed previously in adolescent relative to adult rats under ...
Research findings from Panjab University update understanding of andrology.
Oct 06, 2008 ... "Selenium (Se) is essential for male fertility. The present study was carried out to observe the defects associated with Se deficiency as well as excess Se supplementation by analyzing the sperm ultrastructure and chromatin organization," scientists writing in the International Journal of ...
Research from University of Murcia has provided new data on andrology.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to a study from Murcia, Spain, "The epithelial localization and expression of the spermadhesin PSP-I and PSP-II subunits were determined in the testis, ductus epididymes (caput, corpus and cauda), seminal vesicles and bulbourethral glands of mature boars, using ...
Scientists at University of Giessen discuss research in andrology.(Report)
Oct 06, 2008 ... "Testicular temperature highly correlates with scrotal temperature. It has been postulated that cycling is associated with increased scrotal temperatures with time and consecutively with impaired semen quality," scientists in Giessen, Germany report (see also Andrology). "The ...
Study results from C.D.B. Fernandez et al provide new insights into andrology.
Oct 06, 2008 ... "The epididymal sperm transit time seems to have an important role in the process of sperm maturation, and it seems that alterations to the transit can harm the process. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the influence of altered sperm transit time through the epididymis on sperm ...
Data from C. Yilmaz and colleagues advance knowledge in applied physiology.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to a study from the United States, "Noninvasive techniques for assessing cardiopulmonary function in small animals are limited. We previously developed a rebreathing technique for measuring lung volume, pulmonary blood flow, diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and its ...
Findings from University of Melbourne advance knowledge in applied physiology.(Report)
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to a study from Melbourne, Australia, "Systemic administration of beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonists (beta(2)-agonists) can improve skeletal muscle regeneration after injury. However, therapeutic application of beta(2)-agonists for muscle injury has been limited by detrimental ...
Research results from S.M. Reynolds and colleagues update understanding of applied physiology.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to a study from London, the United Kingdom, "Adenosine induces dyspnea, cough, and airways obstruction in asthma, a phenomenon that also occurs in various sensitized animal models in which a neuronal involvement has been implicated. Although adenosine has been suggested to ...
Data from University of Tampa advance knowledge in blindness.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to a study from the United States, "The appaloosa coat spotting pattern in horses is caused by a single incomplete dominant gene (LP). Homozygosity for LP (LP/LP) is directly associated with congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) in Appaloosa horses." "LP maps ...
Findings from X.M. Xie et al in clinical investigation reported.(Clinical report)
Oct 06, 2008 ... "Stress-induced analgesia (SIA) is a key component of the defensive behavioral ''fight-or-flight'' response. Although the neural substrates of SIA are incompletely understood, previous studies have implicated the hypocretin/orexin (Hcrt) and nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) peptidergic ...
New findings in clinical periodontology described from Trinity College.
Oct 06, 2008 ... In this recent report published in the Journal of Clinical Periodontology, researchers in Dublin, Ireland conducted a study "To review the literature on surgical treatment of peri-implantitis. A search of PubMed and as well as a hand search of articles were conducted." ...
Research conducted at University of Bern, Medical Department has updated our knowledge about clinical periodontology.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to recent research published in the Journal of Clinical Periodontology, "Despite a large body of clinical and histological data demonstrating beneficial effects of enamel matrix proteins (EMPs) for regenerative periodontal therapy, it is less clear how the available biological ...
Research reports from University of Frankfurt provide new insights into cognitive neuroscience.
Oct 06, 2008 ... "Long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) are regulated by homeostatic control mechanisms to maintain synaptic strength in a physiological range. Although homeostatic metaplasticity has been demonstrated in the human motor cortex, little is known to which extent it ...
Findings from Dalhousie University broaden understanding of comparative neurology.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to recent research from Halifax, Canada, "Understanding the visual pathways of the fly's compound eye has been blocked for decades at the second optic neuropil, the medulla, a two-part relay comprising 10 strata (M1-M10), and the largest neuropil in the fly's brain. Based on the ...
Findings from University of California broaden understanding of comparative neurology.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to a study from the United States, "The nonhuman primate entorhinal cortex is the primary interface for information flow between the neocortex and the hippocampal formation. Based on previous retrograde tracer studies, neocortical afferents to the macaque monkey entorhinal cortex ...
New comparative neurology study findings recently were reported by researchers at University of Virginia.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to recent research published in the Journal of Comparative Neurology, "Dietary manipulation has been used as an experimental strategy to gain insight into the normal development of the gustatory system. Institution of a diet low in sodium chloride (NaCl) from embryonic day 3 (E3) ...
Researchers from University of Hohenheim report recent findings in comparative neurology.
Oct 06, 2008 ... "Olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) send their axons to distinct glomeruli in the olfactory bulb. On the way to their target, outgrowing axons are guided, fasciculated, and resorted before they extend in homotypic bundles to the glomerulus," scientists in Stuttgart, Germany report (see also ...
Scientists at Oregon Health & Science University target comparative neurology.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to recent research from the United States, "The distal valvula cerebelli is the most prominent part of the mormyrid cerebellum. It is organized in ridges of ganglionic and molecular layers, oriented perpendicular to the granular layer." "We have combined intracellular ...
Study results from C. Bezencon and colleagues update understanding of comparative neurology.
Oct 06, 2008 ... "To determine the role in chemosensation of intestinal solitary cells that express taste receptors and Trpm5, we carried out a microarray study of the transcriptome of FACS-sorted transgenic mouse intestinal cells expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) under the control of ...
Study results from Northwestern University, Medical Department broaden understanding of comparative neurology.
Oct 06, 2008 ... "The espins are Ca2+-resistant actin-bundling proteins that are enriched in hair cell stereocilia and sensory cell microvilli. Here, we report a novel localization of espins to a large proportion of rat type I spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) and their projections to the cochlear nucleus ...
Studies from Medical College of Georgia, Medical College have provided new information about dental research.(Report)
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to recent research published in the Journal of Dental Research, "The etiology of class III malocclusion remains unknown. The present study investigates the relationship between craniofacial morphology and premaxillary suture fusion to test the hypothesis that class III ...
New findings from Northwestern University, Medical Department in the area of dermatology described.
Oct 06, 2008 ... "Morphea is an autoimmune inflammatory sclerosing disorder that may cause permanent functional disability and disfigurement. We sought to determine the clinical features of morphea in a large pediatric cohort," researchers in the United States report (see also Dermatology). "We ...
Research conducted at D.M. Elston and co-researchers has updated our knowledge about dermatology.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to recent research from the United States, "Major US corporations and consumer groups are demanding more accountability for their health care expenditures. In response, the federal government, specialty boards, and state medical boards are evaluating Ways to implement Objective ...
Investigators at Gunma University, Medical Department have published new data on developmental science.(Report)
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to a study from Gunma, Japan, "Vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2) is a member of the SNARE family of proteins that regulate the intracellular vesicle fusion process. This study investigated the developmental expression of VAMP2 in the rat embryo." "In the ...
New developmental science data have been reported by researchers at San Francisco State University.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to a study from the United States, "Pax3 and Pax7 are closely related paired-boxed family transcription factors that are known to play important roles in embryonic and adult myogenesis. Previous reports describing the expression of Pax3 and Pax7 transcripts reveal expression in ...
Reports outline developmental science study findings from University of California.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to recent research from the United States, "Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is a morphogen involved in many developmental processes. Injection of cells (5E1) that produce a Shh-blocking antibody causes an attenuation of the Shh response, and this causes vascular malformations and impaired ...
Data from G. Bertazzoni et al provide new insights into emergency medicine.
Oct 06, 2008 ... "Interhospital transfers are one of the critical points of the emergency system, which often cause overcrowding of the emergency department (ED) and limit its effectiveness. A retrospective study was carried out, analyzing the clinical case files concerning the ED of the Policlinico ...
New emergency medicine research from Christchurch Hospital discussed.
Oct 06, 2008 ... "Fractures of the mandible are common facial injuries. Patients frequently require hospitalisation, surgical intervention and extended periods of convalescence," scientists in Christchurch, New Zealand report (see also Emergency Medicine). "A prospective database of patients ...
New emergency medicine study results from Hairmyres Hospital described.
Oct 06, 2008 ... In this recent article published in the Emergency Medicine Journal, scientists in Scotland conducted a study "To examine the effectiveness and safety of the sedative agents used in the emergency department following the introduction of ketamine as an agent for procedural sedation Methods: ...
Research data from J. Thing and colleagues update understanding of emergency medicine.
Oct 06, 2008 ... "Heelys'', or shoes with an integral wheel embedded into the heel, are becoming increasingly popular among children in the UK. Despite the manufacturer's claims about their safety, increasing numbers of patients are attending the emergency department with ''Heely''-related injuries," ...
Research on emergency medicine detailed by C.S. Milkhu and co-authors.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to a study from the United Kingdom, "Lack of knowledge of an NHS trust's major incident policies by clinical staff may result in poorly coordinated responses during amass casualty incident (MCI). To audit knowledge of the major incident policy by clinical staff working in a ...
Findings from Harvard University in epidemiology reported.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to a study from the United States, "Although the association between exposure to particulate matter (PM) mass and mortality is well established, there remains uncertainty about which chemical components of PM are most harmful to human health. A hierarchical approach was used to ...
Findings from University of Glasgow in epidemiology reported.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to recent research from Scotland, "Unbiasedness as conventionally understood is not a necessary property of good inferences. Such unbiasedness is ''direct''-it guarantees that. oil average, ail estimate equals the thing it is estimating (the paranieter)." "Strange as ...
New epidemiology data have been reported by T.J. Vanderweele and co-authors.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to recent research from the United States, "We present results that allow the researcher in certain cases to determine the direction of the bias that arises when control for Confounding is inadequate. The results are given within the context of the directed acyclic graph causal ...
Reports outline epidemiology study results from M. Medinaramon et al.(Report)
Oct 06, 2008 ... "Daily increases in ambient ozone have been associated with increased mortality. However, little is known about which subpopulations are more Susceptible to death related to ozone," investigators in Barcelona, Spain report (see also Epidemiology). "We conducted a case-only study ...
Researchers at University of North Carolina target epidemiology.(Report)
Oct 06, 2008 ... "Recent studies Suggest elevated exposure to drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) may be associated with decreased risk of preterm birth. We examined this association for exposure to total trihalomethanes (TTHMs), 5 haloacetic acids (HAA5), and total organic halides," researchers ...
Scientists at University of Florence describe research in epidemiology.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to recent research from Florence, Italy, "Epidemiologic Studies show that high temperatures are related to mortality, but little is known about the exposure-response function and the lagged effect of heat. We report the associations between daily maximum apparent temperature and ...
New experimental ophthalmology study findings recently were published by S. Kumar and co-researchers.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to recent research published in the journal Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology, "A 50-year-old woman presented with a nodular swelling on her right upper eyelid." "The tumour was diagnosed as osteolipoma histologically after resection. Osteolipoma is a very rare ...
Reports outline experimental ophthalmology study findings from S.Y. Then and colleagues.
Oct 06, 2008 ... "This paper documents an interventional case series which describes a novel technique for reconstructing large medial upper eyelid skin defects following excision of xanthelasma palpebrum. All visible upper eyelid xanthelasma is excised and a superiorly hinged blepharoplasty skin flap is ...
New family issues data have been reported by scientists at University of Illinois.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to recent research from the United States, "This study investigates the impact of employment status and work conditions on the quality of the home environment provided by single mothers of preschool-age children. Multivariate analyses were conducted using data from the National ...
Research on family issues reported by scientists at Pacific Lutheran University.(Report)
Oct 06, 2008 ... "Using data from a sample of 455 African American children ( ages 10 to 12 years) and their parents, this study tests a hypothesized model linking ( a) maternal work demands to family routines through work-family conflict and depressive symptoms and (b) maternal work demands to children's ...
Researchers from North Carolina State University report on findings in family issues.
Oct 06, 2008 ... "This article investigates the importance of household context to subjective well-being among the oldest old ( aged 80 years and older) in China. Using data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, the authors find that living arrangements have strong implications for ...
Scientists at University of Newcastle publish research in family issues.(Report)
Oct 06, 2008 ... "This study explores the processes by which custodial mothers can support and inhibit fathers' relationships following divorce and separation. It draws on qualitative interviews with resident mothers and nonresident fathers from 54 separated families, including 22 sets of former couples," ...
Studies from P. Bracke and colleagues provide new data on family issues.
Oct 06, 2008 ... "Supporting and caring for each other are crucial parts of the social tissue that binds people together. In these networks, men and women hold different positions: Women more often care more for others, listen more to the problems of others, and, as kin keepers, hold families together," ...
New family planning research from L.O. Elzeini et al outlined.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to recent research from Giza, Egypt, "This study draws upon data from the 2004 Slow Fertility Transition survey, a follow-up to the 2003 Egypt Interim Demographic and Health Survey, to investigate obstacles to achieving replacement fertility. To account for the likelihood of ...
Research data from S.G. Garcia and colleagues update understanding of family planning.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to recent research published in the journal Studies in Family Planning, "Workers in Mexico's maquiladoras (assembly plants) are mainly young, single women, many of whom could benefit from emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs). Because ECPs are readily available in Mexico, women ...
Research on family planning described by scientists at Johns Hopkins University.(Report)
Oct 06, 2008 ... "This study assesses the effects of a communication campaign designed to encourage young people in northern Nigeria to use modern family planning methods to avoid unwanted pregnancies. The analyses are based on a sample of 819 sexually experienced women," researchers in the United States ...
Studies from Cornell University in the area of family planning published.(Report)
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to recent research from the United States, "Within developing countries, our understanding of reproductive inequality-how fertility is distributed within a population-has been shaped largely by studies of fertility differentials, a practical but partial-information measure. In ...
Research from D.K. Molina and co-authors in the area of forensic medicine and pathology published.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to recent research from the United States, "Given the prevalence of rimfire and centerfire rifle usage in both suicidal and homicidal cases, there is a paucity of articles in the literature that focus specifically on rifle wounds. Gunshot wounds, in general, have been extensively ...
Research from Medical University of South Carolina in the area of forensic medicine and pathology described.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to a study from the United States, "The pediatric population has received considerable attention in the forensic community: the youth assailant of homicide, however, is understudied. The authors retrospectively reviewed all cases referred to the Forensic Pathology Section of the ...
Research results from R. Stoppacher and co-authors update knowledge of forensic medicine and pathology.
Oct 06, 2008 ... "The worldwide dependence on electricity to support the needs of today's society is often taken for granted and, as such, the hazards associated with the termination of electrical services are often neglected. Whether electrical services are unintentionally terminated as the result of ...
New gastroenterology findings from Z. Benmeir and co-authors described.
Oct 06, 2008 ... "This article presents a case study of a patient who was treated for 5 years from the time of diagnosis until his death. The patient was diagnosed with familial polyposis at the age of 35 due to a family history of the same," investigators in Israel report (see also Gastroenterology). ...
Findings from Mayo Clinic broaden understanding of genetic epidemiology.
Oct 06, 2008 ... According to a study from the United States, "Recognizing that multiple genes are likely responsible for common complex traits, statistical methods are needed to rapidly screen for either interacting genes or locus heterogeneity in genetic linkage data. To achieve this, some investigators ...