Immunotherapy Weekly back issues from April 2009:
Data on arthritis detailed by researchers at Jyvaskyla Central Hospital.
Apr 01, 2009 ... In this recently published article, scientists in Jyvaskyla, Finland conducted a study "To assess disability and functioning of elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and population controls by linking the items included in the self-report Multidimensional Health Assessment ...
Reports summarize asthma study results from Mayo Clinic.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Common medical problems are often associated with abnormalities of sleep. Patients with chronic medical disorders often have fewer hours of sleep and less restorative sleep compared to healthy individuals, and this poor sleep may worsen the subjective symptoms of the disorder. individuals ...
Zenvia Phase III PBA Trial Completes Patient Enrollment.
Apr 01, 2009 ... AVANIR Pharmaceuticals (NASDAQ: AVNR) announced that it has completed targeted enrollment of patients into the STAR trial, a confirmatory Phase III trial of ZenviaO (dextromethorphan/quinidine [DM/Q]) in patients exhibiting signs and symptoms of pseudobulbar affect (PBA). The randomized, ...
Data from I. Georgalas and colleagues advance knowledge in Behcet disease.
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Athens, Greece, "A rare case of unilateral retinal detachment due to a macular hole in a patient with Behcet disease is presented. Interventional case report. A 31-year-old man with a 6-year history of Behcet disease presented with a relapse in his disease and ...
Studies from Yonsei University, Medical Department provide new data on Behcet disease.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Background and study aims: Intestinal Behcet's disease and Crohn's disease are chronic inflammatory bowel diseases that are difficult to distinguish from each other. We investigated their colonoscopic features and identified simple and valuable strategies for differential diagnosis," ...
Findings from M. Iester and co-researchers advance knowledge in multiple sclerosis.
Apr 01, 2009 ... " To verify whether scanning laser polarimeter with the new variable corneal compensation algorithm (GDx VCC) and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT)) allow measuring retinal ganglion cell loss in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Patients and methods We ...
Reports summarize myositis research from University of Barcelona.(Clinical report)
Apr 01, 2009 ... "The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with inflammatory myopathy. An observational and prospective study was performed on a cohort of adult patients with inflammatory myopathy followed at a specialized outpatient clinic," ...
Reports by G.A.W. Bruyn and co-researchers describe recent advances in arthritis.
Apr 01, 2009 ... In this recent study, researchers in Netherlands conducted a study "To assess the intra and interobserver reproducibility of musculoskeletal ultrasonography ( US) among rheumatologists in detecting destructive and inflammatory shoulder abnormalities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis ( ...
Research from G. Rozco et al has provided new information about arthritis.
Apr 01, 2009 ... In this recent study, researchers in Granada, Spain conducted a study "To investigate 1 functional (rs17266594) and 2 potentially functional (rs10516487 and rs3733197) BANK1 variants, which were previously identified as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) susceptibility markers, to test ...
Data from Wake Forest University advance knowledge in arthritis and rheumatism.(Report)
Apr 01, 2009 ... "The chondrocyte response to insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is reduced with aging and in osteoarthritis (OA). IGF-1 signals through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway," researchers in the United States report (see also Arthritis and Rheumatism). "TRB3, a ...
Investigators at University of Alberta zero in on arthritis and rheumatism.
Apr 01, 2009 ... In this recent study, researchers in Edmonton, Canada conducted a study "To examine the allelic diversity of structural, inflammatory, and matrix-modifying gene candidates and their association with disc degeneration. Subjects were 588 men ages 35-70 years." "We investigated ...
Research from Radboud University yields new findings on arthritis and rheumatism.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Wnt signaling pathway proteins are involved in embryonic developmentof cartilage and bone, and, interestingly, developmental processes appear to be recapitulated in osteoarthritic (OA) cartilage. The present study was undertaken to characterize the expression pattern of Wnt and ...
Research from University of Manchester yields new data on arthritis and rheumatism.(Report)
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Several studies have demonstrated biologic responses of intervertebral disc (IVD) cells to loading, although the mechanotransduction pathways have not been elucidated. In articular chondrocytes, which have a phenotype similar to that of IVD cells, a number of mechanoreceptors have been ...
Research from University of Paris yields new data on arthritis and rheumatism.
Apr 01, 2009 ... In this recent study, researchers in Paris, France conducted a study "To demonstrate the activation of the Notch signaling pathway during changes in the phenotype of chondrocytes in vitro, and to assess the influence of Notch on the production of chondrocyte markers. Serial monolayer ...
Studies from University of California have provided new data on depression.(Report)
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Forgetting to take medications is an important cause of nonadherence. This study evaluated factors associated with forgetting to take medications in a large cohort of persons with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) participating in the University of California, San Francisco Lupus ...
Data from L.N. Vojtech and colleagues advance knowledge in immunology.
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from the United States, "Members of the bacterial genus Francisella are highly virulent and infectious pathogens. New models to study Francisella pathogenesis in evolutionarily distinct species are needed to provide comparative insight, as the mechanisms of ...
Data from Rockefeller University advance knowledge in immunology.(Report)
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from the United States, "Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional APCs that can control immune responses against self and altered self, typically foreign, determinants. DCs can be divided into several subsets, including CD8 alpha(+) and CD8 alpha(-) DCs." ...
Data on immunology described by researchers at University of New Mexico.(Report)
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to a study from the United States, "Bacillus anthracis strains harboring virulence plasmid pXO1 that encodes the toxin protein protective antigen (PA), lethal factor, and edema factor and virulence plasmid pXO2 that encodes capsule biosynthetic enzymes exhibit different levels of ...
Data on immunology reported by C. Murigande and co-researchers.
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to recent research published in the journal Immunological Investigations, "Lymphocyte transformation tests (LTT) are time-consuming radioactive assays used in the clinic for the determination of allergic drug reactions and extensively in basic immunological research. In the ...
Findings from Medical College of Wisconsin, Medical College in immunology reported.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Natural regulatory T (nT(reg)) cells recognize self-peptides with high affinity, yet the understanding of how affinity influences their selection in the thymus is incomplete. We use altered peptide ligands in transgenic mice and in organ culture to create thymic environments spanning a ...
Findings from University of New South Wales provide new insights into immunology.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "The CD8(+) T-cell response to infection involves a large initial expansion in the numbers of responding cells, accompanied by differentiation of these cells. Expression of the adhesion molecule CD62L is high on naive cells and rapidly downregulated on the surface of the majority (similar ...
Investigators at Trinity College target immunology.
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from Dublin, Ireland, "The de novo immune response to infectious organisms arises from the innate recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by the host's pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). As the generation of type 2 cytokine responses by ...
Investigators at Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences zero in on immunology.
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to recent research published in the journal Infection and Immunity, "The Bacillus anthracis genome encodes four superoxide dismutases (SODs), enzymes capable of detoxifying oxygen radicals. That two of these SODs, SOD15 and SODA1, are present in the outermost layers of the B ....
New enzyme research research reported from P. Tsukayama and co-authors.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "All New World Leishmania species can cause cutaneous lesions, while only Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis has been associated with mucosal metastases. Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) is the optimal standard for species identification but is slow and costly," scientists writing ...
New findings from University of California in the area of immunology described.
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from the United States, "Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium causes an acute inflammatory reaction in the ceca of streptomycin-pretreated mice that involves T-cell-dependent induction of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), interleukin-22 (IL-22), and IL-17 ...
New immunology data have been reported by G.L. Murray and co-authors.(Report)
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Paris, France, "Leptospira interrogans is the most common cause of leptospirosis in humans and animals. Genetic analysis of L. interrogans has been severely hindered by a lack of tools for genetic manipulation." "Recently we developed the mariner-based ...
New immunology research has been reported by P.S. Kraemer et al.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Francisella tularensis is a gram-negative, highly infectious, aerosolizable facultative intracellular pathogen that causes the potentially life-threatening disease tularemia. To date there is no approved vaccine available, and little is known about the molecular mechanisms important for ...
New immunology study findings have been reported by scientists at Dalhousie University.(Report)
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Halifax, Canada, "Treponema denticola is considered to be an agent strongly associated with periodontal disease. The lack of an animal infection model has hampered the understanding of T. denticola pathogenesis and the host's immune response to infection." ...
New immunology study findings recently were published by researchers at St. Louis University, Medical Department.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "CD4(+)Foxp3(+) Treg maintain peripheral tolerance and influence immune responses to foreign antigens. The thymus is an important source of Treg, but controversy exists as to whether T cells are selected into the Treg lineage based on signals received through TCR specific for ...
New immunology study findings recently were reported by researchers at University of Utrecht.
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to a study from Netherlands, "Conventional CD8(+) T cell responses against intracellular infectious agents are initiated upon recognition of pathogen-derived peptides presented at the cell surface of infected cells in the context of MHC class I molecules. Among the major MHC ...
New immunology study results from University of Arkansas described.(Report)
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from the United States, "We previously identified Rbf as an activator for biofilm formation on polystyrene surfaces in Staphylococcus aureus strain 8325-4. However, strain 8325-4 contains genetic mutations that may affect biofilm formation." "To ...
New immunology study results from University of Maryland, Medical Department described.
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to recent research published in the Journal of Immunology, "We studied the growth of transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP)-C1 tumor cells expressing human prostate-specific Ag (PSA) in HLA-DRB1*1501 (DR2b) transgenic mice. TRAMP-PSA tumors were frequently rejected ...
New research on immunology from Malmo University summarized.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Components derived from cartilage have been suggested to maintain the inflammation in joints in arthritis. Small leucinerich repeat proteins (SLRPs) are structural components of cartilage important in organizing the meshwork of extracellular matrix components," investigators in Malmo, ...
Reports by K. Abe and co-researchers describe recent advances in immunology.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "A deficiency in the early components of complement is associated with an increased susceptibility to pyrogenic infections and multiple autoimmune diseases. We previously reported a Japanese case of selective C1s deficiency resulting from a compound heterozygosity for a 4-bp deletion in ...
Reports from F. Mouni et al highlight recent research in immunology.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of the soluble cytoplasmic fraction from Bifidobacterium bifidum DSM 20082 (Bb) lysate on peripheral blood T cells. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy subjects, cytotoxic activity, proliferation, apoptosis, and ...
Reports from F.H. Aboufakher and co-researchers add new data to research in immunology.(Report)
Apr 01, 2009 ... "In its vertebrate host, Leishmania encounters cells that express TLRs. Using genetically resistant C57BL/6 mice deficient in either TLR2, 4, or 9, we show in this study that only TLR9-deficient mice are more susceptible to infection with Leishmania major," scientists in Paris, France ...
Reports from University of Munich advance knowledge in immunology.
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from Munich, Germany, "FcRs have multifaceted roles in the immune system. Chicken FcRs were demonstrated on macrophages decades ago; however, only recently the chicken Ig-like receptor AB1, encoded in the leukocyte receptor complex, was molecularly identified ...
Reports from USA Scientific add new data to research in immunology.
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to a study from the United States, "Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin ( LT) was characterized in plasma from infected African Green monkeys, rabbits, and guinea pigs. In all cases, during the terminal phase of infection only the protease-activated 63-kDa form of protective antigen ...
Reports outline immunology study findings from University of Virginia.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Francisella tularensis, the highly virulent etiologic agent of tularemia, is a low-dose intracellular pathogen that is able to escape from the phagosome and replicate in the cytosol. Although there has been progress in identifying loci involved in the pathogenicity of this organism, ...
Reports summarize immunology research from M.C. Leitedemoraes and co-authors.(Report)
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Histamine (HA) is a biogenic amine with multiple activities in the immune system. In this study we demonstrate that histamine-free histidine decarboxylase-deficient (HDC-/-) mice present a numerical and functional deficit in invariant NK T (iNKT) cells as evidenced by a drastic decrease ...
Research conducted at University of Edinburgh has provided new information about immunology.
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from Scotland, "Human helminth infections are synonymous with impaired immune responsiveness indicating suppression of host immunity. Using a permissive murine model of filariasis, Litomosoides sigmodontis infection of inbred mice, we demonstrate rapid ...
Research from College of Medicine in the area of immunology published.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "The association between extreme-prematurity births and intrauterine infection emphasizes the importance of understanding the host immune responses against uterine-invading microbes during early pregnancy to the prevention of preterm births. Listeria monocytogenes, a clinically relevant ...
Research from Johann Wolfgang Goethe University provides new data on immunology.
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from Mainz, Germany, "The need for reporter lines able to faithfully track Th17 cells in vivo has become an issue of exceptional importance. To address this, we generated a mouse strain in which Cre recombinase is expressed from the IL-17F promoter." ...
Research from M.N.K. Kumar and co-researchers provides new data on immunology.
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from Mysore, India, "Eggplant (aubergine; Solanum melongena L.), a member of the nightshade family, is widely consumed as a vegetable. A high incidence of allergic reactions to eggplant appears to be commonly experienced among Indians, presumably due to its ...
Research from National Institutes of Health in the area of immunology described.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "The gram-negative, facultative intracellular bacterium Francisella tularensis causes acute, lethal pneumonic disease following infection with only 10 CFU. The mechanisms used by the bacterium to accomplish this in humans are unknown," scientists writing in the journal Infection and ...
Research from Washington State University in the area of immunology published.
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from the United States, "The relative fitness of arthropod-borne pathogens within the vector can be a major determinant of pathogen prevalence within the mammalian host population. Strains of the tick-borne rickettsia Anaplasma marginale differ markedly in ...
Research from Wayne State University, Medical Department has provided new information about immunology.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Corneal infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa results in corneal perforation in susceptible C57BL/6 (136) mice, but not in resistant BALB/c mice. To explore the role of two important defensins, murine beta-defensin-1 (mBD1) and mBD2, in the ocular immune defense system, their mRNA and ...
Research on immunology described by scientists at Jikei University, Medical Department.
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to recent research published in the journal Infection and Immunity, "Neutrophils play a crucial role in the host response to infection with Staphylococcus aureus, which is a major human pathogen capable of causing life-threatening disease. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a potent ...
Research on immunology described by scientists at Osaka University.(Report)
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to recent research from Suita, Japan, "A number of chemokines, including CCL21, CCL19, CXCL12, and CXCL13, are coexpressed on the lumen or basal lamina of high endothelial venules (HEVs) in lymph nodes (LNs) and Peyer's patches (PPs), consistent with the idea that they might ...
Research on immunology detailed by scientists at University Hospital.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "The human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus [GAS]) pilus components, suggested to play a role in pathogenesis, are encoded in the variable FCT (fibronectin- and collagen-binding T-antigen) region. We investigated the functions of sortase A (SrtA), sortase C2 (SrtC2), ...
Researchers at University of Wisconsin, Medical Department publish new data on immunology.(Report)
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to a study from the United States, "Mannheimia haemolytica, a commensal organism of the upper respiratory tract in cattle, is the principal bacterial pathogen associated with the bovine respiratory disease complex. Adherence to the respiratory mucosa is a crucial event in its ...
Researchers from Cornell University publish new studies and findings in the area of immunology.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Immune responses elicited by parasitic worms share many features with those of chronic allergy. Eosinophils contribute to the inflammation that occurs in both types of disease, and helminths can be damaged or killed by toxic products released by eosinophils in vitro," scientists writing ...
Researchers from University of Birmingham, Medical Department publish new studies and findings in the area of immunology.(Report)
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to recent research published in the European Journal of Immunology, "We examined the hypothesis that stromal fibroblasts modulate the ability of endothelial cells (EC) to recruit lymphocytes in a site-specific manner. PBL were perfused over HUVEC that had been cultured with ...
Researchers from University of Wisconsin describe findings in immunology.
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to a study from the United States, "Variable subregions within the variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) coat displayed by African trypanosomes are predicted sites for T-and B-cell recognition. Hypervariable subregion 1 (HV-1) is localized to an internal amphipathic alpha helix in ...
Researchers from Washington University, Medical Department discuss findings in immunology.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Immunological synapse formation between T cells and target cells can affect the functional outcome of TCR ligation by a given MHC-peptide complex. Although synapse formation is usually induced by TCR signaling, it is not clear whether other factors can affect the efficiency of synapse ...
Researchers' work from National Heart, Lung, & Blood Institute focuses on immunology.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is characterized by cystic lung destruction caused by LAM cells (smooth-muscle-like cells) that have mutations in the tumor suppressor genes tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) 1 or 2 and have the capacity to metastasize. Since chemokines and their receptors ...
Studies from Creighton University reveal new findings on immunology.(Report)
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Biliary epithelial cells (cholangiocytes) respond to proinflammatory cytokines such as IFN-gamma and actively participate in the regulation of biliary inflammatory response in the liver. B7-H1 (also known as CD274 or PD-L1) is a member of the B7 costimulatory molecules and plays a ...
Studies from Massachusetts General Hospital update current data on immunology.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Caspase recruitment domain-containing membrane-associated guanylate kinase protein-1 (CARMA1) is a critical component of the NF-kappa B signaling cascade mediated by TCR engagement. In addition to activation of naive T cells, TCR signaling is important for the development of ...
Studies from S. Komaniwa et al further understanding of immunology.(Report)
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Previous studies on the MHC class-specific differentiation of CD4(+)CD8(+) thymocytes into CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells have focused on the role of coreceptor molecules. However, CD4 and CD8 T cells develop according to their MHC class specificities even in these mice lacking coreceptors," ...
Studies from S. Tamber et al in the area of immunology described.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Staphylococcus aureus is a remarkably adaptable organism capable of multiple modes of growth in the human host, as a part of the normal flora, as a pathogen, or as a biofilm. Many of the regulatory pathways governing these modes of growth are centered on the activities of two regulatory ...
Studies from Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences add new findings in the area of immunology.
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to a study from the United States, "Acute SIV infection is characterized by explosive infection of memory CD4 T cells in peripheral and mucosal tissues. Interestingly, relatively few memory CD4 T cells are infected until as late as days 7-8 after challenge." "However, ...
Studies in the area of immunology reported from University of Rochester.(Report)
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an important aspect of phagocyte-mediated host responses. Since phagocytes play a crucial role in the host response to Candida albicans, we examined the ability of Candida to modulate phagocyte ROS production," researchers in the United ...
Study data from C. Mariat and co-authors update knowledge of immunology.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Differentiation and clonal expansion of Ag-activated naive T cells play a pivotal role in the adaptive immune response. T cell Ig mucin (Tim) proteins influence the activation and differentiation of T cells," scientists in the United States report (see also Immunology). "Tim-3 ...
Study data from M.B. Headley and co-authors update knowledge of immunology.(Report)
Apr 01, 2009 ... According to a study from the United States, "Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is crucial for the development of atopic diseases in humans and mice. Mice that express a lung-specific TSLP transgene (surfactant protein C promoter (SPC)-TSLP) develop a spontaneous and progressive ...
Study findings from University of Padua broaden understanding of immunology.
Apr 01, 2009 ... "Several studies strongly suggest that DC differentiated in vitro in the presence of type I IFN acquire more potent immune stimulatory properties, compared with DC differentiated in vitro with IL-4. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon," ...