Recently added articles from JPEN, Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition:
Brussels 2007 Roundtable on Metabolism in Sepsis and Multiple Organ Failure
Jan 01, 2008; Herndon, David H; Wernerman, Jan ... ABSTRACT. At the 2007 International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine (ISICEM) in Brussels, a roundtable conference on "Metabolic Support in Sepsis and Multiple Organ Failure" was held. The roundtable was endorsed by the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, the Society ...
Effect of Calorically Dense Enteral Nutrition Formulas on Outcome in Critically Ill Trauma and Surgical Patients
Jan 01, 2008; Bryk, Jodie; Zenati, Mazen; Forsythe, Raquel; Peitzman, Andrew; Ochoa, Juan B ... ABSTRACT. Background: Surgical and trauma patients are traditionally provided with calorically dense dietary formulas to deliver high amounts of nutrients. The benefits of these formulas remain unproven and may be associated with significant side effects and even increased mortality. We studied ...
A Computerized Insulin Infusion Titration Protocol Improves Glucose Control With Less Hypoglycemia Compared to a Manual Titration Protocol in a Trauma Intensive Care Unit
Jan 01, 2008; Dortch, Marcus J; Mowery, Nathan T; Ozdas, Asli; Dossett, Lesly; Cao, Hanqing; Collier, Bryan; Holder, Gwen; Miller, Randolph A; May, Addison K ... ABSTRACT. Background: Previous studies reflect reduced morbidity and mortality with intensive blood glucose control in critically ill patients. Unfortunately, implementation of such protocols has proved challenging. This study evaluated the degree of glucose control using manual paper-based vs ...
Enteral Glutamine During Active Shock Resuscitation Is Safe and Enhances Tolerance of Enteral Feeding
Jan 01, 2008; McQuiggan, Margaret; Kozar, Rosemary; Sailors, R Matthew; Ahn, Chul; McKinley, Bruce; Moore, Frederick ... ABSTRACT. Background: Feeding the hemodynamically unstable patient is increasingly practiced, yet few data exist on its safety. Because enteral glutamine is protective to the gut in experimental models of shock and improves clinical outcomes, it may benefit trauma patients undergoing shock ...
Decreased Enteral Stimulation Alters Mucosal Immune Chemokines
Jan 01, 2008; Hermsen, Joshua L; Gomez, F Enrique; Maeshima, Yoshinori; Sano, Yoshifumi; Kang, Woodae; Kudsk, Kenneth A ... ABSTRACT. Background: Migration of lymphocytes into and through the mucosal immune system depends upon adhesion molecules to attract circulating cells and chemokines to stimulate diapedesis into tissues. Decreased enteral stimulation significantly reduces mucosal addressin cellular adhesion ...
Gastric Motility Function in Critically Ill Patients Tolerant vs Intolerant to Gastric Nutrition
Jan 01, 2008; Landzinski, James; Kiser, Tyree H; Fish, Douglas N; Wischmeyer, Paul E; MacLaren, Robert ... ABSTRACT. Background: Administration of gastric enteral nutrition (EN) in the intensive care unit (ICU) is commonly impeded by high gastric residual volumes (GRV). This study evaluated gastric emptying in patients with limited GRV (tolerant group) vs volumes ≥150 mL (intolerant group) and ...
Effects of the In Vivo Supply of Butyrate on Histone Acetylation of Cecum in Piglets
Jan 01, 2008; Kien, C Lawrence; Peltier, Cheryl P; Mandal, Soma; Davie, James R; Blauwiekel, Ruth ... Histone acetylation and deacetylation play a major role in the mitotic cell cycle and in regulating the transcription of individual genes, as well as the entire genome.1-4 Histone deacetylation predominates during the early phases of mitosis, but histone hyperacetylation causes "relaxation" of ...
Effects of Parenteral Nutrition on the Exocrine Pancreas in Response to Cholecystokinin
Jan 01, 2008; Fan, Bo-Guang ... ABSTRACT. Background: Clinical and experimental data have revealed that parenteral nutrition (PN) can lead to hypotrophy and dysfunction in the morphology and physiology of the pancreas. These adverse alterations appear to be related to many different factors. One important factor is the absence ...
Colonic Energy Salvage in Chronic Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency
Jan 01, 2008; Owira, P M O; Winter, T A ... ABSTRACT. Background: Chronic pancreatic exocrine insufficiency results in maldigestion. As a result, increased amounts of undigested nutrients reach the colon, providing more substrate for bacterial fermentation to produce short-chain fatty acids, which could therefore provide additional energy ...
The Effects of a Short-Term Long-Chain-Triglyceride Infusion on the Postoperative Immune Function of Pediatric Patients Receiving a Gastrointestinal Surgical Procedure
Jan 01, 2008; Li, Xiaogang; Ying, Jiaoqian; Zeng, Shan; Li, Yixiong; Yang, Huixiang; Shen, Liangfang; Han, Jie; Chen, Jia; Shen, Hong ... ABSTRACT. Objective: This clinical trial investigates whether short-term administration of long chain triglycerides (LCT) has any influence on the immune function in children following gastrointestinal surgery. Methods: Sixty pediatric patients receiving a gastrointestinal operation were ...
An Evaluation of the "Cut and Push" Method of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) Removal
Jan 01, 2008; Merrick, Susan; Harnden, Sarah; Shetty, Shishir; Chopra, Preeti; Clamp, Philip; Kapadia, Suneil ... ABSTRACT. Background: This study aimed to establish whether 15-Fr gauge percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tubes can be safely removed by "cut and push." Methods: Patients were prospectively recruited who were found to be without significant intestinal dysfunction requiring removal of ...
Effect of Olive Oil-Based Emulsion on Human Lymphocyte and Neutrophil Death
Jan 01, 2008; Cury-Boaventura, Maria Fernanda; Gorjão, Renata; de Lima, Thaís Martins; Fiamoncini, Jarlei; Torres, Rosângela Pavan; Mancini-Filho, Jorge; Soriano, Francisco Garcia; Curi, Rui ... ABSTRACT. Background: The incorporation of lipid emulsions in parenteral diets is a requirement for energy and essential fatty acid supply to critically ill patients. The most frequently used IV lipid emulsions (LE) are composed with long-chain triacylglycerols rich in ω-6 polyunsaturated ...
Thromboembolism in Infants and Children With Gastrointestinal Failure Receiving Long-Term Parenteral Nutrition
Jan 01, 2008; Kakzanov, Vered; Monagle, Paul; Chan, Anthony K C ... ABSTRACT. Thromboembolism is an established complication of long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) administration which requires central venous lines in the pediatric population. Predisposing factors that increase the risk of thrombosis, as well as prophylaxis and treatment guidelines in this ...
Emergency High-Loop Jejunostomy as Enteral Nutrition Access: A Simple and Safe Method
Jan 01, 2008; Pacelli, Fabio; Rotondi, Fabio; Rosa, Fausto; Bossola, Maurizio; Papa, Valerio; Tortorelli, Antonio Pio; Sollazzi, Liliana; Doglietto, Giovanni Battista ... ABSTRACT. Background: Emergency high-loop jejunostomies are seldom used for nutrition access in the clinical practice. Methods: This paper describes the results of a simple and safe technique that uses emergency high-loop jejunostomy as an enteral feeding access. A feeding tube is inserted into ...
Effect of Liquid Pancreatic Enzymes on the Assimilation of Fat in Different Liquid Formula Diets
Jan 01, 2008; Hauenschild, Annette; Ewald, Nils; Klauke, Thorsten; Liebchen, Ariane; Bretzel, Reinhard Georg; Kloer, Hans-Ulrich; Hardt, Philip Daniel ... ABSTRACT. Background: In some diseases, patients require high-calorie tube feeding with standard enteral formulas usually administered via temporal feeding tubes. One frequent pathophysiological condition in a relevant number of these patients is exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Patients ...
JPEN: State of the Journal
Jan 01, 2008; Wischmeyer, Paul E ... When it comes to the future, there are three kinds of people: those who let it happen, those who make it happen, and those who wonder what happened. -John M. Richardson, Jr. As of July 2007, a new team of editors assumed responsibility for the Journal of Parenteral and Enteral ...
Dietary [omega]-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Can Inhibit Expression of Granzyme B, Perforin, and Cation-Independent Mannose 6-Phosphate/Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptor in Rat Model of Small Bowel Transplant Chronic Rejection
Jan 01, 2008; Kun, Zhao; Haiyun, Zhang; Meng, Wang; Ning, Li; Yousheng, Li; Jieshou, Li ... ABSTRACT. Background: The aim of our work was to investigate the effects of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on apoptosis and granzyme B, perforin, and cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor receptor (CI-MPR) expression of intestinal epithelial cells of chronic ...