Recently added articles from Journal of Applied Meteorology:
Cluster Analysis of Surface Winds in Houston, Texas, and the Impact of Wind Patterns on Ozone
Dec 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT The city of Houston, Texas, is near a complex coastline and numerous petrochemical plants, the combination of which plays a large role in Houston's air pollution events. It has long been known that the thermally driven afternoon onshore flow (sea breeze or gulf breeze) ...
Interannual Variability of Water Demand and Summer Climate in Albuquerque, New Mexico
Dec 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT The effects of interannual climate variability on water demand in Albuquerque, New Mexico, are assessed. This city provides an ideal setting for examining the effects of climate on urban water demand, because at present the municipal water supply is derived entirely from ...
Bulk Scattering Properties for the Remote Sensing of Ice Clouds. Part I: Microphysical Data and Models
Dec 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT This study reports on the use of in situ data obtained in midlatitude and tropical ice clouds from airborne sampling probes and balloon-borne replicators as the basis for the development of bulk scattering models for use in satellite remote sensing applications. Airborne ...
Evaluation of Snow Depth and Soil Temperatures Predicted by the Hydro-Thermodynamic Soil-Vegetation Scheme Coupled with the Fifth-Generation Pennsylvania State University-NCAR Mesoscale Model
Dec 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT The Hydro-Thermodynamic Soil-Vegetation Scheme (HTSVS) coupled in a two-way mode with the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Mesoscale Meteorological Model (MM5) is evaluated for a typical snowmelt episode in the Baltic ...
A Large-Droplet Mode and Prognostic Number Concentration of Cloud Droplets in the Colorado State University Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS). Part II: Sensitivity to a Colorado Winter Snowfall Event
Dec 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT This paper is the second in a two-part series describing recent additions to the microphysics module of the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) at Colorado State University. These changes include the addition of a large-cloud-droplet mode (40-80 µm in diameter) into the ...
Wintertime Cold-Air Pools in the Bavarian Danube Valley Basin: Data Analysis and Idealized Numerical Simulations
Dec 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT This paper investigates wintertime cold-air pools in a basinlike part of the Danube Valley, located in the German state of Bavaria. Specifically, the focus is on cold-pool events restricted to the basin area, that is, not extending to the more elevated parts of the Alpine ...
On the Horizontal Scale of Elevation Dependence of Australian Monthly Precipitation
Dec 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT Determination of the scale of the interaction between precipitation and topography is important for the accurate interpolation of rainfall in mountainous areas and also provides insight into the physical processes involved. In this paper, trivariate thin-plate smoothing splines ...
On the Vertical Structure of Modeled and Observed Deep Convective Storms: Insights for Precipitation Retrieval and Microphysical Parameterization
Dec 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT An understanding of the vertical structure of clouds is important for remote sensing of precipitation from space and for the parameterization of cloud microphysics in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. The representation of cloud hydrometeor profiles in high-resolution ...
Bulk Scattering Properties for the Remote Sensing of Ice Clouds. Part II: Narrowband Models
Dec 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT This study examines the development of bulk single-scattering properties of ice clouds, including single-scattering albedo, asymmetry factor, and phase function, for a set of 1117 particle size distributions obtained from analysis of the First International Satellite Cloud ...
Relationships between the Irrigation-Pumping Electrical Loads and the Local Climate in Climate Division 9, Idaho
Dec 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT The electrical load from irrigation pumps is an important part of the overall electricity demand in many agricultural areas of the U.S. west. The date the pumps turn on and the total electrical load they present over the summer varies from year to year, partly because of climate ...
Climate Variability and Sugarcane Yield in Louisiana
Nov 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT This paper seeks to understand the role that climate variability has on annual yield of sugarcane in Louisiana. Unique features of sugarcane growth in Louisiana and nonclimatic, yield-influencing factors make this goal an interesting and challenging one. Several methods of ...
Use of Real-Time Multisensor Data to Assess the Relationship of Normalized Corn Yield with Monthly Rainfall and Heat Stress across the Central United States
Nov 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT This study evaluated the suitability of rain estimates based on the National Weather Service (NWS) Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) network to estimate yield response to rainfall on a county scale and to provide real-time information related to crop stress ...
The Characteristics of the Chicago Lake Breeze and Its Effects on Trace Particle Transport: Results from an Episodic Event Simulation
Nov 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT The lake-breeze circulation that forms over Lake Michigan during the summer influences the Chicago, Illinois, metropolitan area's weather in several ways. Of particular significance is the circulation's effect on the dispersion of pollutants such as ozone and aerosols produced ...
Verification of TMI-Adjusted Rainfall Analyses of Tropical Cyclones at ECMWF Using TRMM Precipitation Radar
Nov 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT A validation of passive microwave-adjusted rainfall analyses of tropical cyclones using spaceborne radar data is presented. This effort is part of the one-dimensional plus four-dimensional variational (1D+4D-Var) rain assimilation project that is being carried out at the ...
Rainfall Estimation in the Sahel. Part II: Evaluation of Rain Gauge Networks in the CILSS Countries and Objective Intercomparison of Rainfall Products
Nov 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT This study investigates the accuracy of various precipitation products for the Sahel. A first set of products is made of three ground-based precipitation estimates elaborated regionally from the gauge data collected by Centre Regional Agrometeorologie-Hydrologie-Meteorologie ...
Twenty-Four-Hour Observations of the Marine Boundary Layer Using Shipborne NOAA High-Resolution Doppler Lidar
Nov 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT Shipborne observations obtained with the NOAA high-resolution Doppler lidar (HRDL) during the 1999 Nauru (Nauru99) campaign were used to study the structure of the marine boundary layer (MBL) in the tropical Pacific Ocean. During a day with weak mesoscale activity, diurnal ...
Application of Satellite-Derived Atmospheric Motion Vectors for Estimating Mesoscale Flows
Nov 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT This study demonstrates methods to obtain high-density, satellite-derived atmospheric motion vectors (AMV) that contain both synoptic-scale and mesoscale flow components associated with and induced by cumuliform clouds through adjustments made to the University of ...
Ambient Sulfate Trends and the Influence of Meteorology
Nov 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT Data on atmospheric levels of sulfur dioxide (SO^sub 2^) and sulfate were examined to quantify changes since 1989. Changes in sulfur species were adjusted to account for meteorological variability. Adjustments were made using meteorological variables expressed in terms of their ...
Daytime Cycle of Low-Level Clouds and the Tropical Convective Boundary Layer in Southwestern Amazonia
Oct 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT During the wet season in the southwestern Amazon region, daytime water transport out of the atmospheric mixed layer into the deeper atmosphere is shown to depend upon cloud amounts and types and synoptic-scale velocity fields. Interactions among clouds, convective conditions, ...
Arctic Cloud Microphysics Retrievals from Surface-Based Remote Sensors at SHEBA
Oct 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT An operational suite of ground-based, remote sensing retrievals for producing cloud microphysical properties is described, assessed, and applied to 1 yr of observations in the Arctic. All measurements were made in support of the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic (SHEBA) program ...