Recently added articles from Journal of Climate:
A New Two-Moment Bulk Stratiform Cloud Microphysics Scheme in the Community Atmosphere Model, Version 3 (CAM3). Part II: Single-Column and Global Results
Aug 01, 2008; Gettelman, A; Morrison, H; Ghan, S J ... ABSTRACT The global performance of a new two-moment cloud microphysics scheme for a general circulation model (GCM) is presented and evaluated relative to observations. The scheme produces reasonable representations of cloud particle size and number concentration when compared to ...
A New Two-Moment Bulk Stratiform Cloud Microphysics Scheme in the Community Atmosphere Model, Version 3 (CAM3). Part I: Description and Numerical Tests
Aug 01, 2008; Morrison, Hugh; Gettelman, Andrew ... ABSTRACT A new two-moment stratiform cloud microphysics scheme in a general circulation model is described. Prognostic variables include cloud droplet and cloud ice mass mixing ratios and number concentrations. The scheme treats several microphysical processes, including hydrometeor ...
Interannual Variations of the Tropical Ocean Instability Wave and ENSO
Aug 01, 2008; An, Soon-Il ... ABSTRACT Using ocean data assimilation products, variability of eastern Pacific Ocean tropical instability waves (TIWs) and their interaction with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) were analyzed. TIWs are known to heat the cold tongue through horizontal advection. Conversely, ...
Seasonal Variation of the Seychelles Dome
Aug 01, 2008; Yokoi, Takaaki; Tozuka, Tomoki; Yamagata, Toshio ... ABSTRACT Using an ocean general circulation model (OGCM), seasonal variation of the Seychelles Dome (SD) is investigated for the first time. The SD is an oceanic thermal dome located in the southwestern Indian Ocean, and its influence on sea surface temperature is known to play an ...
Cluster Analysis of North Atlantic-European Circulation Types and Links with Tropical Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures
Aug 01, 2008; Fereday, D R; Knight, J R; Scaife, A A; Folland, C K; Philipp, A ... ABSTRACT Observed atmospheric circulation over the North Atlantic-European (NAE) region is examined using cluster analysis. A clustering algorithm incorporating a "simulated annealing" methodology is employed to improve on solutions found by the conventional k-means technique. Clustering ...
Sensitivity of Hybrid ENSO Models to Unresolved Atmospheric Variability
Aug 01, 2008; Zavala-Garay, J; Zhang, C; Moore, A M; Wittenberg, A T; Harrison, M J; Rosati, A; Vialard, Jérôme; Kleeman, R ... ABSTRACT A common practice in the design of forecast models for ENSO is to couple ocean general circulation models to simple atmospheric models. Therefore, by construction these models (known as hybrid ENSO models) do not resolve various kinds of atmospheric variability [e.g., the ...
Simulations and Seasonal Prediction of the Asian Summer Monsoon in the NCEP Climate Forecast System
Aug 01, 2008; Yang, Song; Zhang, Zuqiang; Kousky, Vernon E; Higgins, R Wayne; Yoo, Soo-Hyun; Liang, Jianyin; Fan, Yun ... ABSTRACT Analysis of the retrospective ensemble predictions (hindcasts) of the NCEP Climate Forecast System (CFS) indicates that the model successfully simulates many major features of the Asian summer monsoon including the climatology and interannual variability of major precipitation ...
High-Resolution Simulation of Mean Convection and Its Intraseasonal Variability over the Tropics in the MRI/JMA 20-km Mesh AGCM
Aug 01, 2008; Rajendran, K; Kitoh, A; Mizuta, R; Sajani, S; Nakazawa, T ... ABSTRACT Tropical mean convection and its organization on different spatiotemporal scales in a simulation using the Meteorological Research Institute/Japan Meteorological Agency (MRI/JMA) global atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) at 20-km resolution (T^sub L^959L60) has been ...
The Hydrological Cycle over a Wide Range of Climates Simulated with an Idealized GCM
Aug 01, 2008; O'Gorman, Paul A; Schneider, Tapio ... ABSTRACT A wide range of hydrological cycles and general circulations was simulated with an idealized general circulation model (GCM) by varying the optical thickness of the longwave absorber. While the idealized GCM does not capture the full complexity of the hydrological cycle, the ...
Consequences of Considering Carbon-Nitrogen Interactions on the Feedbacks between Climate and the Terrestrial Carbon Cycle
Aug 01, 2008; Sokolov, Andrei P; Kicklighter, David W; Melillo, Jerry M; Felzer, Benjamin S; Schlosser, C Adam; Cronin, Timothy W ... ABSTRACT The impact of carbon-nitrogen dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems on the interaction between the carbon cycle and climate is studied using an earth system model of intermediate complexity, the MIT Integrated Global Systems Model (IGSM). Numerical simulations were carried out with ...
Synoptic Circulation and Land Surface Influences on Convection in the Midwest U.S. "Corn Belt" during the Summers of 1999 and 2000. Part II: Role of Vegetation Boundaries
Aug 01, 2008; Carleton, Andrew M; Travis, David J; Adegoke, Jimmy O; Arnold, David L; Curran, Steve ... ABSTRACT In Part I of this observational study inquiring into the relative influences of "top down" synoptic atmospheric conditions and "bottom up" land surface mesoscale conditions in deep convection for the humid lowlands of the Midwest U.S. Central Corn Belt (CCB), the composite ...
Ocean Warming and Late-Twentieth-Century Sahel Drought and Recovery
Aug 01, 2008; Hagos, Samson M; Cook, Kerry H ... ABSTRACT The influences of decadal Indian and Atlantic Ocean SST anomalies on late-twentieth-century Sahel precipitation variability are investigated. The results of this regional modeling study show that the primary causes of the 1980s Sahel drought are divergence and anomalous ...
A Climatology of Ocean-Atmosphere Heat Flux Estimates over the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea: Implications for Recent Mass Coral Bleaching Events
Aug 01, 2008; Weller, Evan; Nunez, Manuel; Meyers, Gary; Masiri, Itsara ... ABSTRACT A regional-scale estimate of the surface heat budget of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea (10°-26°S, 142°-155°E) has been developed for the period 1995-2005 in the hope of understanding the trends of sea surface temperatures and the surface heat balance. This report describes ...
Influence of Modes of Climate Variability on Global Temperature Extremes
Aug 01, 2008; Kenyon, Jesse; Hegerl, Gabriele C ... ABSTRACT The influence of large-scale modes of climate variability on worldwide summer and winter temperature extremes has been analyzed, namely, that of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, the North Atlantic Oscillation, and Pacific interdecadal climate variability. Monthly indexes for ...
Ocean Forcing to Changes in Global Monsoon Precipitation over the Recent Half-Century
Aug 01, 2008; Zhou, Tianjun; Yu, Rucong; Li, Hongmei; Wang, Bin ... ABSTRACT Previous examination of changes in global monsoon precipitation over land reveals an overall weakening over the recent half-century (1950-2000). The present study suggests that this significant change in global land monsoon precipitation is deducible from the atmosphere's ...
Multidecadal Variability in North Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Activity
Aug 01, 2008; Klotzbach, Philip J; Gray, William M ... ABSTRACT Recent increases in Atlantic basin tropical cyclone activity since 1995 and the associated destructive U.S. landfall events in 2004 and 2005 have generated considerable interest into why there has been such a sharp upturn. Natural variability, human-induced global warming, or a ...
Sensitivity of the Present-Day Climate to Freshwater Forcing Associated with Antarctic Sea Ice Loss
Aug 01, 2008; Aiken, Christopher M; England, Matthew H ... ABSTRACT The role played by Southern Hemisphere sea ice in the global climate system is explored using an earth system climate model of intermediate complexity. An ensemble of experiments is analyzed in which freshwater forcing equivalent to a complete 100-yr meltback of Southern ...
Diurnal Cycle of Surface Flows during 2004 NAME and Comparison to Model Reanalysis
Aug 01, 2008; Ciesielski, Paul E; Johnson, Richard H ... ABSTRACT During the North American Monsoon Experiment (NAME), an unprecedented surface dataset was collected over the core monsoon region. Observations from 157 surface sites in this region along with twice-daily Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT) oceanic winds were quality controlled and ...
Influences of Atlantic Climate Change on the Tropical Pacific via the Central American Isthmus*
Aug 01, 2008; Xie, Shang-Ping; Okumura, Yuko; Miyama, Toru; Timmermann, Axel ... ABSTRACT Recent global coupled model experiments suggest that the atmospheric bridge across Central America is a key conduit for Atlantic climate change to affect the tropical Pacific. A high-resolution regional ocean-atmosphere model (ROAM) of the eastern tropical Pacific is used to ...