Recently added articles from Journal of Climate:
Freshwater Flux (FWF)-Induced Oceanic Feedback in a Hybrid Coupled Model of the Tropical Pacific
Feb 15, 2009; ... ABSTRACT The impacts of freshwater flux (FWF) forcing on interannual variability in the tropical Pacific climate system are investigated using a hybrid coupled model (HCM), constructed from an oceanic general circulation model (OGCM) and a simplified atmospheric model, whose forcing ...
Dominant Anomaly Patterns in the Near-Surface Baroclinicity and Accompanying Anomalies in the Atmosphere and Oceans. Part I: North Atlantic Basin
Feb 15, 2009; ... ABSTRACT Variability in the monthly mean flow and storm track in the North Atlantic basin is examined with a focus on the near-surface baroclinicity, B = B^sup x^i + B^sup y^j. Dominant patterns of anomalous B found from empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analyses generally show ...
Linking the Pacific Meridional Mode to ENSO: Utilization of a Noise Filter
Feb 15, 2009; ... ABSTRACT A novel noise filter is used to effectively reduce internal atmospheric variability in the air-sea fluxes of a coupled model. This procedure allows for a test of the impact of the internal atmospheric variability on ENSO through its effect on the Pacific meridional mode (MM) ....
Pacific Climate Change and ENSO Activity in the Mid-Holocene
Feb 15, 2009; ... ABSTRACT The authors argue that a reduction to the stochastic forcing of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) wrought by Pacific-wide climate changes in response to mid-Holocene (6000 BP) orbital forcing is a viable hypothesis for the observed reduction of ENSO activity during that ...
A Surrogate Ensemble Study of Climate Reconstruction Methods: Stochasticity and Robustness
Feb 15, 2009; ... ABSTRACT Reconstruction of the earth's surface temperature from proxy data is an important task because of the need to compare recent changes with past variability. However, the statistical properties and robustness of climate reconstruction methods are not well known, which has led to a ...
A Station-Based Southern Annular Mode Index from 1884 to 2005
Feb 15, 2009; ... ABSTRACT Atmospheric pressure observations from the Southern Hemisphere are used to estimate monthly and annually averaged indexes of the southern annular mode (SAM) back to 1884. This analysis groups all relevant observations in the following four regions: one for Antarctica and three ...
The Impact of the Eastern Mediterranean Teleconnection Pattern on the Mediterranean Climate
Feb 15, 2009; ... ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of the eastern Mediterranean teleconnection pattern (EMP) on the present and future climate of the eastern Mediterranean during winter. For the present climate, daily precipitation and maximum and minimum surface ...
Contributions of Indian Ocean Sea Surface Temperatures to Enhanced East African Rainfall
Feb 15, 2009; ... ABSTRACT Links between extreme wet conditions over East Africa and Indian Ocean sea surface temperatures (SST) are investigated during the core of the so-called short rain season in October-November. During periods of enhanced East African rainfall, Indian Ocean SST anomalies reminiscent ...
Response of the South Asian Summer Monsoon to Global Warming: Mean and Synoptic Systems*
Feb 15, 2009; ... ABSTRACT Recent diagnostics with the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Climate Model, version 2.1 (GFDL CM2.1), coupled model's twentieth-century simulations reveal that this particular model demonstrates skill in capturing the mean and variability associated with the South Asian ...
Long-Term Free-Atmosphere Temperature Trends in China Derived from Homogenized In Situ Radiosonde Temperature Series
Feb 15, 2009; ... ABSTRACT In this paper, radiosonde temperature time series (RTT) from 1958 to 2005 collected by the 116-station Chinese radiosonde network are examined. Quality control and homogenization are used to obtain a reliable RTT. The homogenization results revealed significant discontinuities ...
Comparing Occurrences and Vertical Structures of Hydrometeors between Eastern China and the Indian Monsoon Region Using CloudSat/CALIPSO Data
Feb 15, 2009; ... ABSTRACT Seasonal variations in the occurrence frequency, vertical location, and radar reflectivity factor (dBZ) of hydrometeors covering eastern China and the Indian monsoon region are described using two CloudSat standard products [Geometrical Profiling Product (GEOPROF) and ...
CORRIGENDUM
Feb 15, 2009; ... ANDREA N. GRANT Institute for Atmospheric arid Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ALEXANDER A. P. PSZENNY Mount Washington Observatory, North Conway, and Climate Change Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University ...
Critically Reassessing Tropospheric Temperature Trends from Radiosondes Using Realistic Validation Experiments
Feb 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT Biases and uncertainties in large-scale radiosonde temperature trends in the troposphere are critically reassessed. Realistic validation experiments are performed on an automatic radiosonde homogenization system by applying it to climate model data with four distinct sets of ...
The Control of Polar Haloclines by Along-Isopycnal Diffusion in Climate Models
Feb 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT Increasing the value of along-isopycnal diffusivity in a coupled model is shown to lead to enhanced stability of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) formation with respect to freshwater (FW) perturbations. This is because the North Atlantic (NA) surface salinity budget is dominated ...
Are Changes in Global Precipitation Constrained by the Tropospheric Energy Budget?
Feb 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT A tropospheric energy budget argument is used to analyze twentieth-century precipitation changes. It is found that global and ocean-mean general circulation model (GCM) precipitation changes can be understood as being due to the competing direct and surface-temperature-dependent ...
Midlatitude Excitation of Tropical Variability in the Pacific: The Role of Thermodynamic Coupling and Seasonality*
Feb 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT A set of ensemble model experiments using the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Atmospheric Model version 3.0 (CAM3) is run to investigate the tropical Pacific response to midlatitude atmospheric variability associated with the atmospheric North Pacific ...
Interannual Variations in Mixed Rossby-Gravity Waves and Their Impacts on Tropical Cyclogenesis over the Western North Pacific
Feb 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT The present study investigates the transition from mixed Rossby-gravity (MRG) waves to tropical depression (TD)-type disturbances and its interannual variations over the western North Pacific (WNP), using ECMWF high-resolution data for the years of 1980-2001. As the equatorially ...
Pre- and Post-1997/98 Westerly Wind Events and Equatorial Pacific Cold Tongue Warming*
Feb 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT Westerly wind events (WWEs) in the western equatorial Pacific have previously been shown to cause significant warming of sea surface temperature (SST) in the eastern equatorial Pacific. Observational statistics compiled during and prior to the large El Niño event of 1997/98 link ...
ISO Modulation on the Submonthly Wave Pattern and Recurving Tropical Cyclones in the Tropical Western North Pacific
Feb 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT This study demonstrates the multiscale nature, from synoptic to intraseasonal time scales, of the atmospheric flow in the tropical western North Pacific. The multiscale features include intraseasonal oscillations (ISO), northwestward-propagating submonthly wave patterns, and ...
Interannual Variations of East Asian Trough Axis at 500 hPa and its Association with the East Asian Winter Monsoon Pathway
Feb 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT Interannual variations of the East Asian trough (EAT) axis at 500 hPa are studied with the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts 40-yr reanalysis data. The associated circulation pattern and pathway of the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) with the EAT axis tilt are ...