Journal of Dairy Science back issues from May 2002:
Determination of shelf life of concentrated yogurt (Labneh) produced by in-bag straining of set yogurt using hazard analysis
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT Strained yogurt, labneh, produced by straining cow's milk set yogurt in cloth bags, was stored at 5, 15, and 250 deg C, and changes in microbial counts, pH, titratable acidity, percentage of free whey, and sensory attributes were monitored during storage. Counts of total ...
Influence of a Spirulina platensis biomass on the microflora of fermented ABT milks during storage (R1)
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of a cyanobacterial (Spirulina platensis) biomass on the microflora of a probiotic fermented dairy product during storage at two temperatures. Spirulina-- enriched and control (plain) fermented ...
Species-specific identification of commercial probiotic strains
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT Products containing probiotic bacteria are gaining popularity, increasing the importance of their accurate speciation. Unfortunately, studies have suggested that improper labeling of probiotic species is common in commercial products. Species identification of a bank of ...
Application of IS900 PCR for detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis directly from raw milk
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay was developed for detection of insertion sequence 900 (IS900) of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in raw milk. This IS900 PCR assay included DNA extraction and PCR assay using commercially available kits. The DNA ...
Production of oligosaccharides in yogurt containing bifidobacteria and yogurt cultures
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT Yogurts were prepared by using yogurt cultures combined to mixed cultures of bifidobacteria (Bifidobacterium animalis, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium infantis, and Bifidobacterium longum) and by adding a preincubation step (1.5 h at 50 deg C) ...
Effects of added plasmin on the formation and rheological properties of rennet-induced skim milk gels
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT Elevated plasmin enzyme activity has been suggested as a likely cause of impaired functional properties that occur in milk from cows either in their late-- lactational period or that are experiencing mastitis. However, there are conflicting reports on the impact of plasmin on ...
Milk protein response to abomasal or mesenteric vein essential amino acid infusion in lactating dairy cows
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT Previous experiments performed at our location suggested that the milk protein response to infusions of mixed essential amino acids (EAA) was greater when these were supplied via intravenous rather than abomasal or duodenal routes. However, as far as we are aware there have ...
Metabolic responses of transition Holstein cows fed anionic salts and supplemented at calving with calcium and energy
May 01, 2002; ... Metabolic Responses of Transition Holstein Cows Fed Anionic Salts and Supplemented at Calving with Calcium and Energy1 ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the concentrations of plasma Ca, P, Mg, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), ...
Bovine somatotropin administration to dairy goats in late lactation: Effects on mammary gland function, composition and morphology
May 01, 2002; ... Bovine Somatotropin Administration to Dairy Goats in Late Lactation: Effects on Mammary Gland Function, Composition and Morphology' ABSTRACT We investigated the effects of bovine somatotropin (bST) on mammary gland function and composition in the declining phase of lactation in ...
Regulation of apoptosis during mammary involution by the p53 tumor suppressor gene
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT Regulation and functions of the p53 tumor suppressor gene have been studied extensively with respect to its critical role in maintaining the stability of genomic DNA following genotoxic insults. However, p53 is also induced by physiologic stimuli resulting in cell cycle arrest ...
Trends in antibacterial susceptibility of mastitis pathogens during a seven-year period
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT Milk samples collected from dairy cattle suspected of having mastitis were submitted to the Microbiology Laboratory of the Animal Health Diagnostic Laboratory, Michigan State University, for bacteriologic culture. A total of 2778 isolates, from the years 1994 to 2000, were ...
Monitoring nonlactating cow intramammary infection dynamics using DHI somatic cell count data
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT Although the nonlactating period presents a risk for intramammary infection, efficient systems to monitor infection status of recently calved cows have not been developed, and benchmarks for interpretation have not been established. Individual cow somatic cell count (SCC) data ...
Evaluation of five selective media for isolation of catalase-negative gram-positive cocci from bulk tank milk
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT Five selective media including Edwards modified medium, Edwards modified medium supplemented with colistin sulfate (5 mg/L) and oxolinic acid (2.5 mg/L), Streptococcus selective medium, Streptosel agar, and thallium-crystal violet-toxin-ferric citrate medium were evaluated for ...
Influence of Staphylococcus aureus strain-type on mammary quarter milk somatic cell count and N-acetyl-(beta)-D-glucosaminidase activity in cattle from eight dairies
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT The hypothesis tested was that there are differences in pathogenicity between strains of Staphylococcus aureus that cause bovine mastitis. Mammary quarter milk somatic cell count (SCC) and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAGase) activity were used as indicators of the ...
Effect of lactoferrin in combination with penicillin on the morphology and the physiology of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis
May 01, 2002; ... Effect of Lactoferrin in Combination with Penicillin on the Morphology and the Physiology of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Bovine Mastitis1,2 ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of bovine lactoferrin or lactoferricin in ...
The relationship between estrous behavioral score and time of ovulation in dairy cattle
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT One of the major contributors to poor fertility of a dairy herd is ineffective detection of estrus. Recently, it has become evident that cow factors contribute largely to low detection rates. Until now, standing behavior has been the symptom used to determine the right moment ...
The effect of left displacement of abomasum corrected by toggle-pin suture on lactation, reproduction, and health of Holstein dairy cows
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT Our objectives were to evaluate the effect of left displacement of abomasum (LDA) after correction by toggle-pin suture (TPS) on lactation performance, reproduction and health in Holstein dairy cows in a commercial dairy farm. Cows diagnosed with LDA and corrected by the TPS ...
Effect of concentrate level and feeding management on chewing activities, saliva production, and ruminal pH of lactating dairy cows
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT Eight ruminally cannulated lactating Holstein cows were used in a double 4 x 4 Latin square to determine the effects of 1) proportion of barley silage [40, 50, and 60% of dry matter (DM)] in the diet, and 2) feeding a total mixed ration (TMR) compared with separate ingredients ...
Chewing activity, saliva production, and ruminal pH of primiparous and multiparous lactating dairy cows
May 01, 2002; ... Chewing Activity, Saliva Production, and Ruminal pH of Primiparous and Multiparous Lactating Dairy Cows' ABSTRACT Four multiparous (MP) and four primiparous (PP) ruminally cannulated lactating Holstein cows were used in a double 4 x 4 Latin square design to study the chewing ...
Response of forage fiber degradation by ruminal microorganisms to branched-chain volatile fatty acids, amino acids, and dipeptides
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT This study evaluated the effect of branched-chain volatile fatty acids (VFA; isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid), amino acids (valine, leucine), and dipeptides (valine-- valine-, leucine-leucine) on neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradation by rumen microorganisms in vitro. The ...
Bovine milk fatty acid profiles produced by feeding diets containing solin, flax and canola
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT Fatty acid profiles with emphasis on linoleic, linolenic, oleic, and conjugated linoleic acid (CIA) were compared in milk from dairy cows fed diets containing 3.25% supplemental fat and a control diet containing no supplemented fat. The fat was supplied by either whole ground ...
Trans18:1 and 18:2 isomers in blood plasma and milk fat of grazing cows fed a grain supplement containing solvent-extracted or mechanically extracted soybean meal
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT Thirty Holstein cows grazing mixed clover-grass pastures for 12 wk from May through July were fed a grain supplement containing solvent-extracted soybean meal (SES), or mechanically extracted soybean meal (MES) to determine whether differences in supplemental 18:2n6 fatty acid ...
Effects of dietary protein solubility on nitrogen losses from lactating dairy cows and comparison with predictions from the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT This experiment determined the effects of dietary protein solubility on amount, form, and route of nitrogen loss in lactating Holstein dairy cows, and the ability of the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) to accurately predict rumen microbial yield, serum urea ...
Dairy herd management practices that impact nitrogen utilization efficiency
May 01, 2002; ... Dairy Herd Management Practices that Impact Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency1 ABSTRACT Improving the efficiency of feed N utilization by dairy cattle is the most effective means to reduce nutrient losses from dairy farms. The objectives of this study were to quantify the impact ...
Phosphorus partitioning during early lactation in dairy cows fed diets varying in phosphorus content
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT The effect of dietary P content on P partitioning and excretion during early lactation was evaluated in 13 cows fed diets containing 0.34 (no supplementary P), 0.51, or 0.67% P. All cows were fed a common prepartum total mixed ration (TMR) (0.28% P), followed by common TMR ...
Lactoferrin supplementation to dairy calves
May 01, 2002; ... Lactoferrin Supplementation to Dairy Calves'2 ABSTRACT Twenty-one Holstein calves (12 bulls, 9 heifers) were used to evaluate the effects of supplemental lactoferrin (0, 1, and 10 g/d) added to colostrum, milk, and milk replacer in a 56-d study. Calves fed lactoferrin (LF) ...
Absorption of protein and IgG in calves fed a colostrum supplement or replacer
May 01, 2002; ... Absorption of Protein and IgG in Calves Fed a Colostrum Supplement or Replacer1 ABSTRACT Newborn Holstein bull calves (n = 32) were assigned to receive a colostrum supplement (CS) containing defibrinated bovine plasma or a colostrum replacer (CR) containing an immunoglobulin ...
The use of bovine serum protein as an oral support therapy following coronavirus challenge in calves
May 01, 2002; ... The Use of Bovine Serum Protein as an Oral Support Therapy Following Coronavirus Challenge in Calves1 ABSTRACT The objective of this experiment was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of a supplemental bovine serum protein blend fed to calves challenged with virulent ...
Prediction of ruminal pH from pasture-based diets
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT This study identified suitable predictors of ruminal pH and identified relationships between ruminal pH and animal measures for diets based on fresh pasture. Animal and dietary variables (121 treatment means from six countries) were collated from 23 studies of lactating dairy ...
Effects of feeding time on nitrogen capture by lactating dairy cows grazing rye pasture
May 01, 2002; ... Effects of Feeding Time on Nitrogen Capture by Lactating Dairy Cows Grazing Rye Pasture1 ABSTRACT The objective of this experiment was to determine whether varying times at which a partial mixed ration was fed, either before or after grazing, affected N utilization from rye ...
Relationships among severity and duration of clinical mastitis and sire transmitting abilities for somatic cell score, udder type traits, productive life, and protein yield
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the relationships among severity and duration of clinical mastitis during first and second lactation and sire transmitting abilities for somatic cell score, udder type traits, productive life, and protein yield. Recording of clinical ...
Estimation of quantitative trait loci effects in dairy cattle populations
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT Standard animal model programs can be modified to include the effect of a quantitative gene, even if only a fraction of the population is genotyped. Five methods to estimate the effect of a diallelic quantitative gene affecting a quantitative trait were compared to a standard ...
Effects of age and calving season on lactation curves of milk production traits in Italian water buffaloes
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT Test day (TD) records of milk production traits (milk yield, fat, and protein percentages) of 534 Italian buffalo cows were analyzed with a mixed linear model in order to estimate lactation curves pertaining to different ages at calving and different seasons of calving. Milk ...
Indirect prediction of herd life in Guernsey dairy cattle
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT Production and type data were used to investigate the relationships of these traits with herd life data in US Guernsey cows that calved from 1985 through 1990. Two definitions of herd life were used: actual days from birth to disposal (true herd life) and herd life adjusted for ...
The effect of pathogen-specific clinical mastitis on the lactation curve for somatic cell count
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT Data from 274 Dutch herds recording clinical mastitis (CM) over an 18-mo period were used to investigate the effect of pathogen-specific CM on the lactation curve for somatic cell count (SCC). Analyzed pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, ...
Analysis of age-specific predicted transmitting abilities for final scores in Holsteins with a random regression model
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT Conformation final scores obtained by the Holstein Association were used in this study. Five subsets were sampled from the original complete data, which contained about 7 million records, and (co)variance components for additive genetic, permanent environmental, and residual ...
Productivity of grazing Holstein cows in Atlantic Canada
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT The feasibility and profitability of management-intensive grazing (MIG) in Atlantic Canada was studied. Productivity of MIG plus concentrate (1 kg:3 kg of milk) was compared with that of confinement feeding (Confined) using haylage (1996) or corn silage (1997) as 50% of dry ...
Extent and benefits of multi-country progeny testing of young dairy sires
May 01, 2002; ... ABSTRACT One of the current trends within the artificial insemination industry is to progeny test young dairy bulls in multiple countries. The objectives of this study were to assess the extent of multi-country progeny testing and to measure the corresponding gains in reliability of ...