Journal of Dairy Science back issues from March 2003:
Reduction of protease activity in milk by continuous flow high-intensity pulsed electric field treatments
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT High-intensity pulsed electric field (HIPEF) is a non-- thermal food processing technology that is currently being investigated to inactivate microorganisms and certain enzymes, involving a limited increase of food temperature. Promising results have been obtained on the ...
Effect of controlled k-casein hydrolysis on rheological properties of acid milk gels
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT An experimental method based on the controlled chymosin-induced kappa-casein hydrolysis of milk was proposed to modify micellar reactivity. Milk samples with a degree of kappa-casein hydrolysis of 19, 35, and 51% were obtained. The physicochemical properties of partially ...
The effect of homogenization and milk fat fractions on the functionality of mozzarella cheese
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Mozzarella cheese was manufactured from milk containing either a low (olein) or a high (stearin) melting point fraction of milk fat or anhydrous milk fat. The fat was dispersed into skim milk by homogenization at 2.6 MPa before being manufactured into cheese. The melting point ...
Effect of Lactobacillus helveticus and Propionibacterium freudenrichii ssp. shermanii combinations on propensity for split defect in Swiss cheese
Mar 01, 2003; ... Effect of Lactobacillus helveticus and Propionibacterium freudenrichii ssp. shermanii Combinations on Propensity for Split Defect in Swiss Cheese1 ABSTRACT One of the least controlled defects in Swiss cheese is development of splits that appear during refrigerated storage after ...
Plasmin activity in pressurized milk
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The effects of pressure (up to 400 MPa), applied at room temperature, on native proteinase activity of milk were investigated by means of plasmin activity, plasmin-derived activity after plasminogen activation and their distribution in different milk fractions, micelle ...
Fractionation of milk fat by short-path distillation
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Fractionation of milk fat by short-path distillation changes the chemical composition and physical properties of the resulting fractions. Increases in distillation temperature from 125 to 250 deg C increased distillate yield from 0.3 to 42.7% (wt/wt). The distillate was ...
A comparison of the buttermilk solids functional properties to nonfat dried milk, soy protein isolate, dried egg white, and egg yolk powders
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Physicochemical (i.e., sulfhydryl group, protein, and total solubility) as well as functional properties (i.e., water-holding and fat-absorption capacity, foaming and emulsification capacity, and stability) of commercial buttermilk solids (BMS) were compared to nonfat dried ...
Free oil and rheology of cheddar cheese containing fat globules stabilized with different proteins
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Cheddar cheese was manufactured from recombined milk containing fat globules coated with asl-CN (casein), alpha^sub s2^-CN, beta-CN, kappa,-CN, alpha-lactalbumin, or beta-lactoglobulin. The effect of the coating on fat globule structure, free oil formation, and cheese rheology ...
Phase stability of concentrated dairy products
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The interactions between the two most important colloids in milk, fat globules and casein micelles, were investigated. Mixtures of oil droplets (as a model for fat globules) and casein micelles were prepared, and their phase behavior was studied. It was found that the oil ...
Quantification of aroma compounds in Paramigiano Reggiano cheese by a dynamic headspace gas chromatrography-mass spectrometry technique and calculation of odor activity value
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Potentially important aroma compounds in Parmigiano Reggiano cheese were quantified. Free fatty acids were isolated with ion-exchange chromatography and quantified by gas chromatography. Neutral aroma compounds were quantified with a purge-trap/gas chromatography-mass ...
Effect of pregnancy on milk production and bodyweight from identical twin study
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The energy requirements of the fetus through pregnancy have been previously investigated in several slaughter experiments, and many studies have attempted to estimate the effect of pregnancy on milk production. Data from 154 pasture-based dairy cows (77 twin pairs) were ...
Factors associated with the likelihood of Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. in soil from dairy farms
Mar 01, 2003; ... Factors Associated with the Likelihood of Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. in Soil from Dairy Farms1 ABSTRACT A study was conducted to identify factors associated with the likelihood of detecting Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. in the soil of dairy farms in a ...
Pharmacodynamics of isoflupredone acetate in an endotoxin-induced mastitis model
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The effect of intravenous administration of the steroidal drug isoflupredone acetate on lactating dairy cows with mastitis induced using gram-negative bacterial endotoxin was investigated. Cows were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups: untreated controls, ...
Leptin concentrations in relation to energy balance, milk yield, intake, live weight, and estrus in dairy cows
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to describe fluctuations in leptin concentrations during late pregnancy and lactation and to investigate how those fluctuations are related to energy balance, milk yield, milk components, dry matter intake, live weight, first postpartum luteal ...
Economic analyses of feeding systems combining pasture and total mixed ration
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Partial budgeting was used to compare net incomes of high-yielding Holstein cows fed either a total mixed ration (TMR), a pasture-based diet, or a combination of both. Variables included in the analysis were milk income, feed, feeding, manure handling, fencing, and water system ...
Metabolic and lactational responses during recombinant bovine tumor necrosis factor-(alpha) treatment in lactating cows
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT This study examined the effects of recombinant bovine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rbTNF) administration on metabolic and hormonal responses and lactational performance in dairy cows. Twelve lactating Holstein cows were injected subcutaneously with rbTNF (2.5 (mu)g per kg per ...
Differential leukocyte count method for bovine low somatic cell count milk
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Whereas many differential leukocyte count methods for high somatic cell count (SCC) milk from mastitic cows are available, only a few have been developed for low SCC milk. We have developed a flow cytometric differential leukocyte count method for low SCC milk. The procedure ...
Effects of feeding dairy cows protein supplements of varying ruminal degradability
Mar 01, 2003; ... Effects of Feeding Dairy Cows Protein Supplements of Varying Ruminal Degradability1 Abbreviation key: BM = Blood meal, CGM = corn gluten meal, ESBM = expeller soybean meal, HMSC = rolled high-moisture shelled corn, IIV = inhibitor in vitro method, OTD = omasal true digesta, SSBM = ...
Optimizing the level of wet corn gluten feed in the diet of lactating dairy cows
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Twenty-four multiparous Holstein cows averaging 566 +/- 43 kg of body weight and 83 +/- 49 d in lactation were assigned to treatments stratified by age, days in milk, and milk yield to evaluate the effects of feeding increasing levels of wet corn gluten feed (WCGF) on ...
Forage feeding to reduce preharvest Escherichia coli populations in cattle, a review
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Although Escherichia coli are commensal organisms that reside within the host gut, some pathogenic strains ofE. coli can cause hemorrhagic colitis in humans. The most notable enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) strain is O157:H7. Cattle are asymptomatic natural reservoirs of E ....
Effect of combinations of fish meal and feather meal on milk fatty acid content and nitrogen utilization in dairy cows
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The effect of supplemental fishmeal in combination with feathermeal at two different proportions in the diet on milk docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content was investigated. Recently, benefits to human health have been attributed to the consumption of this fatty acid, which is ...
Effects of feeding intensity during the dry period. 1. Feed intake, body weight, and milk production
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The objective of this experiment was to study dry matter intake (DMI), body condition, milk yield, and milk composition in cows with different body condition at the time of parturition. Twenty four multiparous cows with genetic merit for high or low milk fat content were ...
Effects of feeding intensity during the dry period. 2. Metabolic and hormonal responses
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The metabolic response to different feeding levels during the dry period was studied in 24 multiparous dairy cows of the Swedish Red and White breed. The cows represented two lines, selected for high or low milk fat percentage, at the same amount of energy produced in milk. The ...
Type of cottonseed and level of gossypol in diets of lactating dairy cows: Plasma Gossypol, health, and reproductive performance
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Objectives were to determine effects of altering gossypol intake by feeding whole limed Upland (WUP) or a 1:2 blend of WUP and cracked Pima (BUPCP) cottonseed on plasma gossypol (PG) concentrations, reproduction, and health of Holstein cows. Cows, 813, on three dairy farms were ...
Supplemental carbohydrates sources for lactating dairy cows on pasture
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Two experiments were conducted to evaluate steam-- flaked corn and nonforage fiber sources as supplemental carbohydrates for lactating dairy cows on pasture. Cows were allotted to a new paddock of an orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) pasture twice daily in one group in both ...
Effects of transition diets varying in dietary energy density on lactation performance and ruminal parameters of dairy cows
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Abbreviation key: AC = acetate; ADICP = acid detergent insoluble crude protein; DL = low energy density prepartum; DH = high energy density prepartum; EB = energy balance; EE = ether extract; H = high energy density postpartum; L = low energy density postpartum; NDICP = neutral ...
Effect of storage method on fermentation characteristics, aerobic stability, and forage intake of tropical grasses ensiled in round bales
Mar 01, 2003; ... Effect of Storage Method on Fermentation Characteristics, Aerobic Stability, and Forage Intake of Tropical Grasses Ensiled in Round Bales1 ABSTRACT The effect of storage method and length of the fermentation period were evaluated to determine fermentation characteristics, ...
Influence of dietary protein level and source on the course of protein digestion along the small intestine of the veal calf
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to examine the effect of the dietary crude protein (CP) content and source on the distribution of digesta proteins and peptides according to their molecular mass along the small intestine of veal calves. Diets contained 14, 104, 205, and 279 g/kg ...
Milk conjugated linoleic acid response to fish oil supplementation of diets differing in fatty acid profiles
Mar 01, 2003; ... Milk Conjugated Linoleic Acid Response to Fish Oil Supplementation of Diets Differing in Fatty Acid Profiles1 ABSTRACT The objective of this experiment was to examine the effect of feeding fish oil TO) along with fat sources that varied in their fatty acid compositions (high ...
Short communication: Effects of subacute ruminal acidosis on free-choice intake of sodium bicarbonate in lactating dairy cows
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The effect of inducing subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) on the free-choice intake of sodium bicarbonate (SB) was investigated in four midlactation Holstein cows in a switchover experiment with four 1-wk periods. The SARA was induced by replacing 25% of the ad libitum intake of ...
Supplementation of methionine and selection of highly digestible rumen undegradabel protein to improve nitrogen efficiency for milk production
Mar 01, 2003; ... Supplementation of Methionine and Selection of Highly Digestible Rumen Undegradable Protein to Improve Nitrogen Efficiency for Milk Production1 ABSTRACT Metabolizable protein (MP) supply and amino acid balance were manipulated through selection of highly digestible ...
Dietary cation-anion difference and the health and production of pasture-fed dairy cows. 1. Dairy cows in early lactation
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Diets offered to lactating dairy cows in the pasture-- based dairy systems in southeastern Australia can vary in their dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) from 0 to +76 mEq/100 g. The effects of such a range of DCAD on the health and production of cows, on a predominantly ...
Dietary cation-anion difference and the health and production of pasture-fed diary cows 2. Nonlactating periparturient cows
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Anecdotal observations of reduced hypocalcemia due to small reductions in the precalving dietary cationanion difference (DCAD) are widely reported in Australia and New Zealand. Diets offered to nonlactating, periparturient dairy cows in pasture-based dairy systems in ...
Modeling extended lactation curves in dairy cattle: A biological basis for the multiphasic approach
Mar 01, 2003; ... (ProQuest Information and Learning: . . . Indicates formula omitted.) Modeling Extended Lactation Curves of Dairy Cattle: A Biological Basis for the Multiphasic Approach' ABSTRACT Objectives of this study are to describe the biological basis for multiphasic milk ...
Search for pleiotropic QTL on chromosome BTA6 affecting yield traits of milk production
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The primary aim of this study was to investigate whether previous findings of similar quantitative trait loci (QTL) positions for correlated yield traits are due to a pleiotropic QTL. We applied a multitrait variance component based QTL mapping method to a dataset involving ...
Identification of factors that cause genotype by environment interaction between herds of Holstein cattle in seventeen countries
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Currently, the International Bull Evaluation Service calculates international dairy sire evaluations using the multiple-trait across country evaluation procedure. This method depends implicitly on political boundaries between countries, because the input data are national ...
Potential effects of accumulating environmental policies on Dutch dairy farms
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Consequences for farm management, environment, and economics of environmental policies for Dutch dairy farms were examined through modeling with two policies applied successively to typical dairy farms. Both policies aim to decrease nutrient losses in the soil. The first ...
A partnership of universities and agri-business for an effective dairy herd management learning experience for undergraduates: The dairy challenge
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The Dairy Challenge contest allows undergraduate students to apply knowledge gained in the classroom in an evaluation of the management practices of commercial dairy farms. University faculty partnered with industry representatives to develop the competition. Participants in ...
Economic merit of crossbred and purebred US dairy cattle
Mar 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Heterosis and breed differences were estimated for milk yield traits, somatic cell score (SCS), and productive life (PL), a measure of longevity. Yield trait data were from 10,442 crossbreds and 140,421 purebreds born since 1990 in 572 herds. Productive life data were from ...