Journal of Dairy Science back issues from August 2003:
Heritability of intramammary infections at first parturition and relationships with sire transmitting abilities for somatic cell score, udder type traits, productive life, and protein yield
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the relationships among daughter intramammary infections at first parturition and sire transmitting abilities for somatic cell score, udder type traits, productive life, and protein yield. Quarter milk samples from 958 daughters (in ...
Characterization and genotyping of the caprine [kappa]-casein variants
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT [kappa]-Casein ([kappa]-CN) is the milk protein that determines the size and specific function of milk micelles, and its cleavage by chymosin is responsible for milk coagulation. We have previously detected and characterized four variants of the goat [kappa]-CN in Spanish, ...
A low dietary cation-anion difference precalving and calcium supplementation postcalving increase plasma calcium but not milk production in a pasture-based system
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT It was hypothesized that a reduction in the dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) before calving, combined with an increase in Ca intake after calving, would reduce the incidence of periparturient hypocalcaemia and increase milk production in pasture-based dairy cows. Cows (n = ...
Technical note: Detection and adjustment of abnormal test-day yields
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT A method to detect and to adjust or exclude abnormally low or high milk, fat, and protein yields on test-day (TD) was developed. Predicted TD yield is calculated based on preceding and subsequent (if available) TD yields. Observed TD yields that are <60% or >150% of ...
Polymorphism of bovine CSN1S1 promoter: Linkage mapping, intragenic haplotypes, and effects on milk production traits
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The bovine CSN1S1 5' flanking region (CSN1S1-5') was screened for polymorphisms in different cattle breeds. Single-strand conformation polymorphisms (SSCP) and sequence analyses revealed four alleles (1-4), two of them being new allelic forms (3 and 4). Sequences were deposited ...
Genetic analysis of longitudinal trajectory of clinical mastitis in first-lactation Norwegian Cattle
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Clinical mastitis records for 36,178 first-lactation daughters of 245 Norwegian Cattle (NRF) sires were analyzed with a Bayesian longitudinal threshold model. For each cow, the period going from 30 d before calving to 300 d after calving was divided into 11 intervals of 30 d ...
Heifer fertility in Norwegian dairy cattle: Variance components and Genetic change
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Variance components and genetic change were estimated for 56-d nonreturn rate in virgin heifers using first insemination records of a total of 1,632,961 Norwegian Dairy Cattle daughters of 2945 sires. Six univariate mixed linear sire models were compared. The heritabilities ...
Effects of 2-hydroxy-4-methylthio) butanoic acid (HMB) on microbial growth in continuous culture1
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT 2-Hydroxy-4-(methylthio) butanoic acid (HMB) positively affects milk composition and yield, potentially through ruminal actions. Four continuous culture fermenters were used to determine the optimal concentration of HMB for digestibility of organic matter (OM), neutral detergent ...
Comparison of grass and legume silages for milk production. 1. Production responses with different levels of concentrate
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Silages prepared from pure stands of ryegrass, alfalfa, white clover, and red clover over two successive year were offered to lactating dairy cows in two feeding experiments. Proportional mixtures of all cuts prepared in a yr were used to ensure that the forage treatments were ...
The impact of parity and duration of biotin supplementation on white line disease lameness in dairy cattle
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT A field study was conducted to examine effects of oral biotin supplementation for up to 18 mo on risks of lameness in dairy cows. The study included a total of 900 cattle from five dairy farms in Gloucestershire, southwest U.K., in a within-herd randomized control trial. The ...
Nucleotide sequencing, purification, and biochemical properties of an arylesterase from Lactobacillus casei LILA
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT An esterase gene, designated estB, was isolated from a genomic library of Lactobacillus casei LILA. Nucleotide sequencing of the estB gene revealed a 954-bp open reading frame encoding a putative peptide of 35.7 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequence of EstB contained the ...
Excretion of aflatoxin M1 in milk of dairy ewes treated with different doses of aflatoxin B1
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Two experiments were conducted to study the amount of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk in response to feeding aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). In experiment 1, four dairy ewes in early lactation received a single dose of pure AFB1 (2 mg). Individual milk samples were collected during the ...
Digestion, milk production, milk composition, and blood composition of dairy cows fed formaldehyde treated flaxseed or sunflower seed1
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Forty midlactation Holstein cows averaging 635 kg of body weight (SE = 8) were allotted at wk 25 of lactation to ten groups of four cows blocked for similar calving dates to determine the effects of formaldehyde treatment of flaxseed and sunflower seed on fatty acid composition ...
Liquid egg as an alternative protein source in calf milk replacers
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The use of alternative proteins in milk replacer has been evaluated for their ability to decrease the cost of milk replacers without negatively impacting performance of the calf. Three studies were conducted to evaluate the performance of calves fed milk replacer utilizing ...
Immune response of postpartum dairy cows fed flaxseed1
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Thirty Holstein cows were allotted at calving to 10 groups of three cows blocked for similar calving dates to determine the effects of dietary fatty acids on functional properties of immunocompetent cells in early lactation and at breeding. Cows were assigned at calving to one ...
Nonstarter lactic acid bacteria and aging temperature affect calcium lactate crystallization in cheddar cheese
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The occurrence of unappetizing calcium lactate crystals in Cheddar cheese is a challenge and expense to manufacturers, and this research was designed to understand their origin. It was hypothesized that non-starter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB) affect calcium lactate ...
Effect of somatic cell count on proteolysis and lipolysis in pasteurized fluid milk during shelf-life storage1
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The general goal of this research was to provide fluid milk processors with data to enable them to estimate the economic benefits they might derive from longer fluid milk shelf-life or new marketing opportunities due to a reduction in raw milk SCC. The study objectives were: 1) ...
The effect of breed, parity, and stage of lactation on conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in milk fat from dairy cows1
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Dairy products are the main source of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a functional food component with health benefits. The major source of cis-9, trans-11 CLA in milk fat is endogenous synthesis via [Delta]^sup 9^-desaturase from trans-11 18:1, with the remainder from ...
Physical and processing properties of milk, butter, and cheddar cheese from cows fed supplemental fish meal
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Physical, chemical, sensory and processing properties of milk produced by feeding a rumen-undegradable fish meal protein supplement to Holstein cows were investigated. The supplement contained (as fed basis) 25% soft-white wheat, 60% herring meal, and 15% feather meal. The total ...
Comparison of grass and legume silages for milk production. 2. In vivo and in sacco evaluation of rumen function
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Two experiments were conducted to investigate the basis for higher voluntary intakes and increased [alpha]-linolenic acid content in milk from cows offered clover silages. Six cows with rumen and duodenal cannulae were used in a four-period changeover-design experiment. Cows ...
Effect of freezing on fossomatic cell counting in ewe milk
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT Using the Fossomatic method, a total of 10,072 analytical somatic cell count (SCC) observations were carried out on 4760 aliquots taken from 70 individual ewe milk samples with the objective of studying whether freezing showed significant differences of SCC in comparison with ...
Metabolic and biochemical responses of probiotic bacteria to oxygen
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The interaction between oxygen and probiotic bacteria was studied by growing Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp. in 0, 5, 10, 15, and 21% oxygen in a hypoxic glove box. The metabolic responses of each probiotic strain in the different oxygen environments were ...
Front-face fluorescence spectroscopy and chemometrics in analysis of yogurt: Rapid analysis of riboflavin
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The present study demonstrates the use of front-face fluorescence spectroscopy and chemometrics for monitoring light-induced changes in plain yogurt during storage. Fluorescence analysis is suggested as a new rapid method for measuring riboflavin content in yogurt. Fluorescence ...
Effect of pH on the gelation properties of skim milk gels made from plant coagulants and chymosin
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The effect of three milk pH values, 6.0, 6.3 and 6.7, on gelation properties was monitored by small amplitude oscillatory rheology as well as a large deformation (yield) test for gels induced by the plant coagulants, Cynara cardunculus L. and Cynara humilis L., and chymosin. Gel ...
Determining effects of freezing on pasta filata and non-pasta filata mozzarella cheese by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT The formation of ice during freezing of pasta filata and non-pasta filata Mozzarella cheeses, and the spatial redistribution of water T^sub 2^ relaxation time and the changes of water self-diffusion coefficient (D) within the unfrozen and frozen-stored cheese samples were ...
Effect of temperature and aggregation rate on the fractal dimension of renneted casein aggregates
Aug 01, 2003; ... ABSTRACT This study deals with the influence of chymosin/casein ratios and temperature on the fractal dimension of renneted casein aggregates in diluted milk. The angular dependence of static light scattering, from 50 to 110[degrees], was used to determine fractal dimension from double ...