Journal of Dairy Science back issues from July 2005:
Invited Review: Bovine Milk Fat Globule Membrane as a Potential Nutraceutical
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT For the last 15 yr, a great deal of knowledge has been accumulated on health beneficial factors, protein and nonprotein, of bovine milk fat globule membrane (MFGM). Among the health-beneficial components of the MFGM are cholesterolemia-lowering factor, inhibitors of cancer cell ...
Bioavailability of Vitamin D from Fortified Process Cheese and Effects on Vitamin D Status in the Elderly*
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT We conducted 2 studies to determine the effect of vitamin D-fortified cheese on vitamin D status and the bioavailability of vitamin D in cheese. The first study was designed to determine the effect of 2 mo of daily consumption of vitamin D^sub 3^-fortified (600 IU/d) process ...
Astringency of Bovine Milk Whey Protein
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT Whey protein solutions at pH 3.5 elicited an astringent taste sensation. The astringency of whey protein isolate (WPI), the process whey protein (PWP) that was prepared by heating WPI at pH 7.0, and the process whey protein prepared at pH 3.5 (aPWP) were adjusted to pH 3.5 and ...
Enhanced Lactose Cheese Milk does not Guarantee Calcium Lactate Crystals in Finished Cheddar Cheese
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT Three experimental batches of Cheddar cheese were manufactured in duplicate, with standardization of the initial cheese-milk lactose content to high (5.24%), normal (4.72%, control), and low lactose (3.81%). After 35 d of aging at 4.4°C, the cheeses were subjected to temperature ...
Composition, Microstructure, and Surface Barrier Layer Development During Brine Salting*
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT The goal of this study was to characterize the changes in chemical composition, porosity, and structure that occur at the surface of a block of brine-salted cheese and their relationship to the rate at which salt is taken up from the brine. To create a difference in composition, ...
Antibacterial Activities of Peptides from the Water-Soluble Extracts of Italian Cheese Varieties
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT Water-soluble extracts of 9 Italian cheese varieties that differed mainly for type of cheese milk, starter, technology, and time of ripening were fractionated by reversed-phase fast protein liquid chromatography, and the antimicrobial activity of each fraction was first assayed ...
Effect of Carprofen Treatment Following Experimentally Induced Escherichia coli Mastitis in Primiparous Cows
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT Acute Escherichia coli mastitis is one of the major sources of economic loss in the dairy industry due to reduced milk production, treatment costs, discarded milk, and occasional fatal disease. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently used as adjunctive ...
Freestall Maintenance: Effects on Lying Behavior of Dairy Cattle
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT In a series of 3 experiments, we documented how sand-bedding depth and distribution changed within freestalls after new bedding was added and the effect of these changes on lying behavior. In experiment 1, we measured changes in bedding depth over a 10-d period at 43 points in ...
Short Communication: Effect of Feed Barrier Design on the Behavior of Loose-Housed Lactating Dairy Cows
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of 2 feed barrier systems on feeding and social behavior of dairy cows. Forty-eight lactating Holstein cows were subjected to each of 2 treatments in a cross-over design. The treatments were 2 types of feed-line barriers: ...
Reproductive Performance of Anestrous Dairy Cows Treated with Progesterone and Estradiol Benzoate
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT Anestrus is a major reproduction problem in pasture-based dairy operations that results in poorer reproductive outcomes than herdmates detected in estrus before the start of the seasonal breeding program. The objective of the current study was to assess a combined progesterone ...
Reduced Dry Periods and Varying Prepartum Diets Alter Postpartum Ovulation and Reproductive Measures
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT There has been substantial recent interest in shortening dry periods; however, the effects of this management change on reproduction have not been adequately evaluated. Holstein cows (n = 58) were assigned in a randomized block design to 1 of 3 treatments: 1) traditional (T) dry ...
Effects of Estradiol on Bovine Thecal Cell Function In Vitro: Dependence on Insulin and Gonadotropins*
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of estradiol (E2) on proliferation and steroid production by thecal cells obtained from large (≥8 mm) follicles of cattle. Five experiments evaluated the effect of various doses of E2 during a 2-d exposure in ...
Effects of Induced Clinical Mastitis During Preovulation on Endocrine and Follicular Function
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT The objective of the study was to determine if experimentally induced clinical mastitis before ovulation resulted in alterations of endocrine function, follicular growth, or ovulation. On d 8 (estrus = d 0), cows were challenged (TRT; n = 19) with Streptococcus uberis or were ...
Effects of Seasonal Climatic Conditions on the Diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis in Dairy Cattle*
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT Validity of Johne's disease programs and control protocols that rely on established cut points [e.g., specified sample-to-positive (S/P) ratios] for ELISA serological tests depends on interpreted results that are not susceptible to variable test accuracy. It was hypothesized ...
Changes in Feeding, Drinking, and Standing Behavior of Dairy Cows During the Transition Period
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT The aims of this study were to determine how measures of feeding, drinking, and standing behavior change over the period around calving, to derive objective meal and drinking bout criteria for transition cows, and to describe the within-cow consistency of these behavioral ...
Relationships Between Urea Dilution Measurements and Body Weight and Composition of Lactating Dairy Cows
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to investigate the potential of the urea dilution technique, coupled with live animal measures to predict the body components of dairy cattle. The study involved 104 lactating Holstein-Friesian cows offered grass silage-based diets. Urea ...
Performance of Dairy Cows on Swiss Farms with Organic and Integrated Production
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT Milk production of cows on farms in which milk was organically produced (OP) tends to be less than that on farms with conventional or integrated production (IP), but causes for the difference have not been thoroughly evaluated. We performed a study to investigate management, ...
Effects of 2-Hydroxy-4-(Methylthio) Butanoic Acid (HMB) and Its Isopropyl Ester on Milk Production and Composition by Holstein Cows*
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT The esterification of 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)-butanoic acid (HMB) to isopropanol (HMBi) decreases the rate and extent of its ruminai breakdown. The modes of action of HMB and HMBi appear to be different. The quantification of the production response to HMBi has not been done ....
Adipose Tissue Metabolism and Production Responses to Calcium Propionate and Chromium Propionate*
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT The objective was to determine action of calcium propionate and chromium propionate on lipogenesis and lipolysis in adipose tissue, dry matter (DM) intake, milk production and composition, and serum glucose and free fatty acids in Holstein dairy cattle treated from 21 d ...
Dietary Manganese for Dry and Lactating Holstein Cows
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT Apparent digestibility and retention of Mn by dairy cows was used to compare 2 sources of Mn and to estimate Mn requirements. In experiment 1, Holstein cows at dry-off (60 d prepartum) were fed a basal diet with no supplemental Mn (43 mg of Mn/kg of dry matter) and received a ...
Effects of Cinnamaldehyde and Garlic Oil on Rumen Microbial Fermentation in a Dual Flow Continuous Culture
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT Eight continuous culture fermentors inoculated with ruminal liquor from heifers fed a 50:50 alfalfa hay:concentrate diet (17.6% crude protein, 28.0% neutral detergent fiber) were used in 3 replicated periods to study the effects of cinnamaldehyde (CIN) and garlic oil (GAR) on ...
Effects of BioChlor and Fermenten on Microbial Protein Synthesis in Continuous Culture Fermenters*
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT Meta analysis models were constructed from a data-set of 15 continuous culture fermenter trials and 118 observations on studies with either BioChlor (n = 23 observations) or Fermenten (n = 95) included at 10 and 3%, respectively, of dietary dry matter (DM) to evaluate effects of ...
Varying Protein and Starch in the Diet of Dairy Cows. I. Effects on Ruminal Fermentation and Intestinal Supply of Nutrients
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT The main objective of this experiment was to examine the effects of the percentage and source of crude protein (CP) and the amount of starch in the diet of dairy cows on ruminai fermentation, nutrient passage to the small intestine, and nutrient digestibility. For this purpose, ...
Preventing Bacterial Contamination and Proliferation During the Harvest, Storage, and Feeding of Fresh Bovine Colostrum
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT The objectives of this study were to identify control points for bacterial contamination of bovine colostrum during the harvesting and feeding processes, and to describe the effects of refrigeration and use of potassium sorbate preservative on bacteria counts in stored fresh ...
Influence of Living and Autoclaved Yeasts of Saccharomyces boulardii on In Vitro Ruminal Microbial Metabolism
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT Experimental data on the effects of Saccharomyces boulardii on rumen microbial metabolism are scarce. The aim of this study was to examine whether S. boulardii had an effect on parameters of rumen microbial metabolism at different dosages and whether the yeast would be suitable ...
Varying Protein and Starch in the Diet of Dairy Cows. II. Effects on Performance and Nitrogen Utilization for Milk Production
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT The main objective of this experiment was to examine the effects of the percentage and source of crude protein (CP) and the amount of starch in the diet of dairy cows on the lactational performance and use of N for milk production. Sixty multiparous Holstein cows were used in a ...
The Effect of Diets on Milk Production and Composition, and on Lactation Curves in Pastured Dairy Goats
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT A 2-yr study investigated effects of different levels of concentrate supplementation on milk production, composition, and lactation curves in pastured dairy goats. For both years, 44 Alpine goats (Copra hircus; 55 ± 11 kg body weight) were randomly allocated to 4 groups. Animals ...
In Vitro Embryo Production: Growth Performance, Feed Efficiency, and Hematological, Metabolic, and Endocrine Status in Calves
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT The potential management benefits of in vitro embryo production have been offset by an increased incidence of health-related problems in resulting calves [increased birth weight, congenital abnormalities, and peri- and postnatal mortality (large-offspring syndrome)] and of ...
Accuracy and Stability of National and International Somatic Cell Score Evaluations
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT Somatic cell score (SCS) evaluations have been published in the United States since 1994 and international evaluations have been available through Interbull since May 2001. The accumulated data provides an opportunity to investigate the accuracy and stability of SCS evaluations ....
In Vitro Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Proliferation in a Crossbred Cattle Population
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT Immune function measured by Staphylococcus aureus- and phytohemagglutinin- (PHA-) induced cell proliferation was assessed in a population of 445 genetically defined, F2 and backcross Charolais-Holstein crossbred cattle when the animals were approximately 5 mo of age. Variation ...
Short Communication: Amino Acids Antagonistic to the Amino Acids Inhibitory for Growth Rate of Mixed Ruminal Bacteria
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT Antagonism of some amino acids (AA) to the inhibitory effects of other AA (Ile, Phe, and Thr) on the growth rate of mixed ruminai bacteria was investigated. In vitro growth rate of the mixed ruminai bacteria was inhibited when the 3 inhibitory AA (1 mM each) were each added to ...
MILK: Its Remarkable Contribution to Human Health and Well-Being
Jul 01, 2005; ... MILK: Its Remarkable Contribution to Human Health and Well-Being. Stuart Patton. Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick, NJ. 182 pp. ISBN 0765802104. The word "apologetics" is rarely used in our language today. The historical meaning of the word meant a systematic series of arguments, ...
Management of Wisconsin Dairy Herds Enrolled in Milk Quality Teams
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT A study was conducted to characterize Wisconsin dairy herds that enrolled in a team-based milk quality improvement program and to assess association of specific management practices with milking efficiency and milk quality. Management and financial data were obtained from dairy ...
Genetic Profile of Total Body Energy Content of Holstein Cows in the First Three Lactations
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT Weekly total body energy content (TBEC) was calculated for 444 Holstein cows in their first 3 lactations. These calculations were based on body lipid and protein changes predicted from weekly changes in body condition score and live weight of each cow. In first lactation, cows ...
Evaluation of Autoregressive Covariance Structures for Test-Day Records of Holstein Cows: Estimates of Parameters
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to compare test-day (TD) models with autoregressive covariance structures for the estimation of genetic and environmental components of variance for milk, fat and protein yields, and somatic cell score (SCS) in Holstein cows. Four models were ...
Actions and Outcomes of Wisconsin Dairy Farms Completing Milk Quality Teams
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT Actions and outcomes of Wisconsin dairy farms (n = 113) that completed a team-based milk quality improvement program were assessed. Selection of milk quality goals and adoption of management actions were evaluated. Management and financial data related to milk quality were ...
Use of an [alpha]-Galactosidase Gene as a Food-Grade Selection Marker for Streptococcus thermophilus
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT The α-galactosidase gene (aga) of Lactococcus raffinolactis ATCC 43920 was previously shown to be an efficient food-grade selection marker in Lactococcus lactis and Pediococcus acidilactici but not in Streptococcus thermophilus. In this study, we demonstrated that the ...
Contributions of Terminal Peptides to the Associative Behavior of [alpha]^sub s1^-Casein*
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT The N- and C-terminal segments of bovine α^sub s1^-casein-B (f1-23 and f136-196) were characterized under conditions that promoted or inhibited self-association to determine the relative contributions of each fragment to the interaction of α^sub s1^-casein with itself ...
Predicting Risk of Ketosis in Dairy Cows Using In-Line Measurements of [beta]-Hydroxybutyrate: A Biological Model
Jul 01, 2005; ... ABSTRACT Automated monitoring of individual cows to determine health status is a potentially valuable management tool, especially in large dairy herds. Herein is described the rationale, structure, and functionality of a biological model to predict risk of ketosis in individual cows ...
NEWS AND EVENTS
Jul 01, 2005; ... Positions Available. . . The deadline for the submission of position announcements for publication in the Journal of Dairy Science is the 25th day of the month, two months preceding the month of issue. For example, ads submitted by May 25 will be printed in the July issue of the ...