Journal of Dairy Science back issues from February 2006:
NEWS AND EVENTS
Feb 01, 2006; ... Positions Available. The deadline for the submission of position announcements for publication in the Journal of Dairy Science is the 25th day of the month, two months preceding the month of issue. For example, ads submitted by May 25 will be printed in the July issue of the ...
Influence of Calcium and Phosphorus, Lactose, and Salt-to-Moisture Ratio on Cheddar Cheese Quality: Manufacture and Composition
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Eight Cheddar cheeses with 2 levels of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P), residual lactose, and salt-to-moisture ratio (S/M) were manufactured. All cheeses were made using a stirred-curd procedure and were replicated 3 times. Treatments with a high level of Ca and P were produced ...
The Effects of Dairy Processes and Storage on Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I (IGF-I) Content in Milk and in Model IGF-I-Fortified Dairy Products
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The effects of several dairy processes on insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations in milk and the storage stability of IGF-I-fortified dairy products were examined. The IGF-I content in raw milk determined by radioimmunoassay was significantly changed by the strength ...
Influence of Calcium and Phosphorus, Lactose, and Salt-to-Moisture Ratio on Cheddar Cheese Quality: Proteolysis During Ripening
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Proteolysis in cheese is influenced by the state of proteins (protein-calcium-phosphate interactions), level of indigenous milk enzymes (plasmin), externally added milk-clotting enzymes (chymosin), and endogenous and exogenous enzymes from starter and nonstarter lactic acid ...
Effect of Milk Protein Standardization Using Different Methods on the Composition and Yields of Cheddar Cheese
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Two sets of Cheddar cheese were made in which the milk protein level (%, wt/wt) was increased from 3.3 (Control A, CA) to 3.6 (set A) or from 3.3 (control B, CB) to 4.0 (set B) by the addition of phosphocasein (PC), milk protein concentrate (MPC), or freshly prepared ...
Comparison of Descriptive Sensory Analysis and Chemical Analysis for Oxidative Changes in Milk
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Oxidation in 3 types of bovine milk with different fatty acid profiles obtained through manipulation of feed was evaluated by analytical methods quantifying the content of potential antioxidants, the tendency of formation of free radicals, and the accumulation of primary and ...
Production and Processing of Milk from Transgenic Goats Expressing Human Lysozyme in the Mammary Gland
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The potential for applying biotechnology to benefit animal agriculture and food production has long been speculated. The addition of human milk components with intrinsic antimicrobial activity and positive charge to livestock milk by genetic engineering has the potential to ...
Invited Review: Spray-Dried Dairy and Dairy-Like Emulsions-Compositional Considerations
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Milk constituents [caseins, whey proteins (WP), lactose, and anhydrous milk fat] are used widely in the manufacture of dehydrated dairy and dairy-like emulsions. When sodium caseinate- (NaCas) and WP-stabilized emulsions with an oil-to-protein ratio ranging from 0.25 to 5 are ...
Identification, Sequence Analysis and mRNA Tissue Distribution of the Bovine Sterol Transporters ABCG5 and ABCG8
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The family of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters consists of several transmembrane proteins that use ATP hydrolysis as an energy source for the transport of a variety of substances through cellular membranes. Two members of this family, ABCG5 and ABCG8, are implicated in ...
Impact of Lowering Dietary Cation-Anion Difference in Nonlactating Dairy Cows: A Meta-Analysis
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT A meta-analysis of previous studies was performed to clarify the response of prepartum dairy cows to lowering dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) and to compare different equations that have been proposed to calculate DCAD. Twenty-two published studies containing 75 treatment ...
Seasonal and Lactational Changes in Mineral Composition of Milk from Iberian Red Deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus)
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Milk minerals are important for calf growth, and they have other roles as well, such as immune regulation. This 2-yr study examined content of Ca, P, Mg, Na, K, Fe, and Zn in milk of 54 Iberian red deer hinds through 18 wk of lactation. Mean mineral composition of fresh milk was ...
Age-Specific Characteristics of ELISA and Fecal Culture for Purpose-Specific Testing for Paratuberculosis
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Paratuberculosis is a chronic infection, and animals are not equally affected by it. Therefore, diagnostic tests that are able to detect different stages of the infection are needed for objective decision making. A longitudinal study was carried out to describe the ability of 2 ...
Influence of Calcium and Phosphorus, Lactose, and Salt-to-Moisture Ratio on Cheddar Cheese Quality: Changes in Residual Sugars and Water-Soluble Organic Acids During Ripening
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Cheddar cheese ripening involves the conversion of lactose to glucose and galactose or galactose-6-phosphate by starter and nonstarter lactic acid bacteria. Under ideal conditions (i.e., where bacteria grow under no stress of pH, water activity, and salt), these sugars are ...
Preparation of Liposomes from Milk Fat Globule Membrane Phospholipids Using a Microfluidizer
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The isolation of milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) material from buttermilk on a commercial scale has provided a new ingredient rich in phospholipids and sphingolipids. An MFGM-derived phospholipid fraction was used to produce liposomes via a high-pressure homogenizer ...
Partial Feed Restriction Decreases Growth Hormone Receptor 1A mRNA Expression in Postpartum Dairy Cows
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Uncoupling of the growth hormone (GH) axis in early postpartum dairy cows is correlated with a decrease in liver GH receptor (GHR) 1A mRNA and a decrease in liver GH receptor protein. Postpartum recoupling of the GH axis is also correlated with GHR 1A mRNA and GHR protein. We ...
Strategies to Improve the Therapy of Retained Fetal Membranes in Dairy Cows
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT In this field trial, a protocol for the treatment of retained fetal membranes (RFM) without any intrauterine therapy was compared with 3 protocols based on the intrauterine use of antibiotic pills (AP), the manual removal (MR) of the fetal membranes, or the combination of both ...
Efficacy of a Novel Whey Protein Gel Complex to Increase the Unsaturated Fatty Acid Composition of Bovine Milk Fat
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT A novel whey protein emulsion gel (WPEG) complex was developed to protect dietary unsaturated fatty acids from rumen biohydrogenation with the goal of modifying the fatty acid composition of milk fat. Three experiments were conducted with WPEG complexes made from either whey ...
Hypocalcemia in Dairy Cows: Meta-analysis and Dietary Cation Anion Difference Theory Revisited
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Data from 137 published trials involving 2,545 calvings were analyzed using random effects normal logistic regression models to identify risk factors for clinical hypocalcemia in dairy cows. The aim of the study was to examine which form, if any, of the dietary cation anion ...
Flavor Profiles of Full-Fat and Reduced-Fat Cheese and Cheese Fat Made from Aged Cheddar with the Fat Removed Using a Novel Process1
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Many consumers are concerned with fat intake. However, many reduced-fat foods, including reduced-fat cheese, lack robust flavors. The objectives of this study were to characterize the flavors found in full-fat cheese, cheese fat, and reduced-fat cheese made from aged Cheddar ...
Influence of Condensed Sweet Cream Buttermilk on the Manufacture, Yield, and Functionality of Pizza Cheese
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Compositional changes in raw and pasteurized cream and unconcentrated sweet cream buttermilk (SCB) obtained from a local dairy were investigated over 1 yr. Total phospholipid (PL) composition in SCB ranged from 0.113 to 0.153%. Whey protein denaturation in pasteurized cream over ...
Effects of Short-Term Glucagon Administration on Gluconeogenic Enzymes in the Liver of Midlactation Dairy Cows1
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT During lactation, the dairy cow experiences an increased demand for glucose to support milk production. Increased glucose demand can be met through increased capacity for gluconeogenesis, increased supply of glucose precursors, or a combination of both processes. Glucagon, a key ...
Examination of the Persistency of Milk Fatty Acid Composition Responses to Fish Oil and Sunflower Oil in the Diet of Dairy Cows
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Based on the potential benefits of cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) for human health, there is a need to develop effective strategies for enhancing milk fat CLA concentrations. Levels of cis-9, trans-11 CLA in milk can be increased by supplements of fish oil (FO) ...
Short Communication: Bulk Tank Total Bacterial Count in Dairy Sheep: Factors of Variation and Relationship with Somatic Cell Count
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT A total of 9,353 records for bulk tank total bacterial count (TBC) were obtained over 1 yr from 315 dairy ewe flocks belonging to the Sheep Improvement Consortium (CPO) in Castilla-Leon (Spain). Analysis of variance showed significant effects of flock, breed, month within flock, ...
Compositional and Functional Properties of Buttermilk: A Comparison Between Sweet, Sour, and Whey Buttermilk1
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Buttermilk is a dairy ingredient widely used in the food industry because of its emulsifying capacity and its positive impact on flavor. Commercial buttermilk is sweet buttermilk, a by-product from churning sweet cream into butter. However, other sources of buttermilk exist, ...
Changing Dietary Cation-Anion Difference for Dairy Cows Fed with Two Contrasting Levels of Concentrate in Diets
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT High-producing dairy cows are commonly fed diets containing a high proportion of rapidly degradable starch, which can cause subacute acidosis and reduce dry matter (DM) intake. Because of the properties of nonmetabolizable cations and anions, increasing the dietary cation-anion ...
Changes Occurring in Immune Responsiveness of Single- and Twin-Bearing Comisana Ewes During the Transition Period
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Changes induced by twin and single lambing in the immune response of 16 periparturient Comisana ewes were studied. Cell-mediated immune responses were evaluated by means of skin tests performed from 3 wk before and up to d 35 after parturition. At d 21 and 7 before lambing, the ...
Detection of Quantitative Trait Loci Affecting Milk Production Traits on Bovine Chromosome 6 in a Chinese Holstein Population by the Daughter Design
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Fourteen microsatellite markers with a coverage of 63.5 cM on bovine chromosome 6 were selected, and 26 sire families with 2,260 daughters were analyzed for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting 5 milk production traits in a Chinese Holstein population. In the analyses ...
Herd- and Cow-Level Prevalence of Digital Dermatitis in The Netherlands and Associated Risk Factors
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The objective of this cross-sectional study was to reevaluate the prevalence of digital dermatitis (DD) and associated risk factors in The Netherlands. Between May 2002 and December 2003, information about the presence or absence of DD lesions and other claw disorders on the ...
Acute Experimental Mastitis Is Not Causal Toward the Development of Energy-Related Metabolic Disorders in Early Postpartum Dairy Cows
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Twenty Holstein cows in early lactation (7 d in milk) were administered 100 µg of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dissolved in 10 mL of sterile 0.9% NaCl saline (treatment; TRT) or 10 mL of sterile saline (control) into both right mammary quarters to test the ...
Time and Incidence of Ovulation and Conception Rates After Incorporating Estradiol Cypionate into a Timed Artificial Insemination Protocol
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of estradiol cypionate (ECP), when incorporated into a conventional GnRH-PGF^sub 2α^-GnRH timed artificial insemination protocol (Ovsynch), on systemic estradiol (E^sub 2^), time and incidence of ovulation, luteal ...
Short Communication: Suppression of Estrous Cycles in Lactating Cows Has No Effect on Milk Production1
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The decline in milk yield observed after peak production in dairy animals results from apoptotic death of mammary epithelial cells. In cows, this decrease in milk yield can be accelerated by injection of 17β-estradiol, thus evoking a possible role of estrogens in the ...
Effects of Physically Effective Fiber on Digestive Processes and Milk Fat Content in Early Lactating Dairy Cows Fed Total Mixed Rations
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Data from recent research studies were analyzed quantitatively, and the random effect of experiment was assessed to define the physiological responses of dairy cows in early lactation to intake of physically effective neutral detergent fiber (peNDF). All studies were conducted ...
Effect of Dietary Vitamin E on Rumen Biohydrogenation Pathways and Milk Fat Depression in Dairy Cows Fed High-Fat Diets
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Six lactating Holstein cows were assigned to a replicated Latin square design to test the effect of dietary vitamin E on milk fat depression and on the increased production of milk trans-10 C18:1 classically observed when feeding high doses of unsaturated fatty acids with ...
Effect of Prepartum Dietary Calcium on Intake and Serum and Urinary Mineral Concentrations of Cows
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Nine multiparous and 12 primiparous cows were fed diets containing an anionic salt supplement and moderate Ca (0.99%) or high Ca (1.50%) concentrations for 21 d prepartum to determine the effects of dietary Ca concentration on serum and urine electrolytes and on postpartum ...
Effect of Safflower Oil, Flaxseed Oil, Monensin, and Vitamin E on Concentration of Conjugated Linoleic Acid in Bovine Milk Fat
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) refers to a mixture of conjugated octadecadienoic acids of predominantly ruminant origin. The main isomer in bovine milk fat is the cis-9, trans-11 CLA. Interest in CLA increased after the discovery of its health-promoting properties, including ...
Plant Extracts Affect In Vitro Rumen Microbial Fermentation
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Different doses of 12 plant extracts and 6 secondary plant metabolites were incubated for 24 h in diluted ruminai fluid with a 50:50 for age concentrate diet. Treatments were: control (no additive), plant extracts (anise oil, cade oil, capsicum oil, cinnamon oil, clove bud oil, ...
Short Communication: Genetic Correlation Between Test-Day Electrical Conductivity of Milk and Mastitis
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Electrical conductivity (EC) of milk is an indicator of mastitis. If EC shows genetic variation and is genetically correlated to mastitis, it could be used in a breeding program that includes selection for improved mastitis resistance. In this study, daily records of EC and ...
Genetic Parameters for Functional Traits in Dairy Cattle from Daily Random Regression Models
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT The objective of the research was to estimate genetic parameters, such as heritabilities and genetic correlations, using daily test day data for milk yield (MY), milking speed (MS), dry matter intake (DMI), and body weight (BW) using random regression methodology. Data were from ...
Molecular Characterization of Peptides Released from [beta]-Lactoglobulin and [alpha]-Lactalbumin via Cardosins A and B
Feb 01, 2006; ... ABSTRACT Crude mixtures of aspartic proteases from flowers of the plant Cynara cardunculus have been studied frequently, as have activities of such enzymes (in pure form) on caseins from bovine, ovine, and caprine sources. This research study addressed pure bovine whey protein as ...