Journal of Dairy Science back issues from October 2007:
NEWS AND ANNOUNCEMENTS
Oct 01, 2007; ... ADSA Member News. . . All JDS Articles Now Online! Dear ADSA Member, Work on the Journal of Dairy Science(TM) retro project is now complete! You can now search every issue of JDS ever published, with the recent addition of 17,000 articles spanning 105,000 ...
Effect of Cutting Time, Temperature, and Calcium on Curd Moisture, Whey Fat Losses, and Curd Yield by Response Surface Methodology
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Response surface methodology was used to study the effect of temperature, cutting time, and calcium chloride addition level on curd moisture content, whey fat losses, and curd yield. Coagulation and syneresis were continuously monitored using 2 optical sensors detecting light ...
Effect of High-Pressure Homogenization, Nonfat Milk Solids, and Milkfat on the Technological Performance of a Functional Strain for the Production of Probiotic Fermented Milks
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT The aim of this research was the evaluation of the effects of milkfat content, nonfat milk solids content, and high-pressure homogenization on 1) fermentation rates of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus paracasei BFE 5264 inoculated in milk; 2) viability loss of this strain ...
Properties of Milk Protein Gels Formed by Phosphates
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT We investigated the properties of gels that were formed by adding emulsifying salts, such as tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP), to reconstituted milk protein concentrate solution. The pH of a 51 g/L milk protein concentrate solution was adjusted to 5.8 after adding TSPP. Milk ...
Nonstarter Lactobacillus Strains as Adjunct Cultures for Cheese Making: In Vitro Characterization and Performance in Two Model Cheeses
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Nonstarter lactic acid bacteria are the main uncontrolled factor in today's industrial cheese making and may be the cause of quality inconsistencies and defects in cheeses. In this context, adjunct cultures of selected lactobacilli from nonstarter lactic acid bacteria origin ...
Comparison of Casein Micelles in Raw and Reconstituted Skim Milk
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT During the manufacture of skim milk powder, many important alterations to the casein micelles occur. This study investigates the nature and cause of these alterations and their reversibility upon reconstitution of the powders in water. Samples of skim milk and powder were taken ...
Use of Cold Microfiltration Retentates Produced with Polymeric Membranes for Standardization of Milks for Manufacture of Pizza Cheese
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Pizza cheese was manufactured with milk (12.1% total solids, 3.1% casein, 3.1% fat) standardized with microfiltered (MF) and diafiltered retentates. Polymeric, spiral-wound MF membranes were used to process cold (<7°C) skim milk, and diafiltration of MF retentates resulted in ...
Degree of Antioxidant Protection: A Parameter to Trace the Origin and Quality of Goat's Milk and Cheese
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Traceability is an essential tool in reassuring consumers and traders that food is as safe, authentic, and of good quality as expected. Today, food traceability procedures often consist of attached documents and declarations, but scientific parameters that could objectively ...
Evaluation of Rice Flour for Use in Vanilla Ice Cream1
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT The effects of varying concentrations (2, 4, and 6%) of 2 types of rice flours (RF 1 and RF 2) on the physicochemical properties and sensory characteristics of vanilla ice cream samples were assessed at different fat levels (0, 4, and 10%) and storage conditions (control vs ....
Visual Locomotion Scoring in the First Seventy Days in Milk: Impact on Pregnancy and Survival
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Our hypotheses were that cows classified as lame during the first 70 d in milk have more days from calving to conception and a greater hazard of dying or being culled compared with cows that were not classified as lame. Our objective was to estimate the detrimental effects of ...
Objective Determination of Claw Pain and Its Relationship to Limb Locomotion Score in Dairy Cattle
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT We hypothesized that claw and foot pain could be objectively determined and have a strong effect on limb locomotion. Claw pain was measured using hoof testers equipped with a pressure gauge. Soft tissue pain was evaluated with an algometer. Pain was determined as the maximum ...
Comparison of Claw Health and Milk Yield in Dairy Cows on Elastic or Concrete Flooring
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT This article reports on the effects of elastic (rubber) flooring compared with concrete flooring on claw health and milk yield in dairy cows. Milk yield and activity data of 53 complete lactations from 49 cows were recorded by an automatic milking system in the University of ...
Accuracy of a Pregnancy-Associated Glycoprotein ELISA to Determine Pregnancy Status of Lactating Dairy Cows Twenty-Seven Days After Timed Artificial Insemination
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT To determine the accuracy of a pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (PAG) ELISA in identifying pregnancy status 27 d after timed artificial insemination (TAI), blood samples were collected from lactating Holstein cows (n = 1,079) 27 d after their first, second, and third postpartum ...
Reduction of Plasma NEFA Concentration by Nicotinic Acid Enhances the Response to Insulin in Feed-Restricted Holstein Cows
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT The objective was to investigate the relationship between elevated plasma nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentration and insulin resistance in Holstein cows. Six nonlactating, nongestating, ruminally cannulated Holstein cows were blocked by body condition score and randomly ...
Effect of Repeated Episodes of Generic Clinical Mastitis on Milk Yield in Dairy Cows
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Our objective was to estimate the milk losses associated with multiple occurrences of generic bovine clinical mastitis (CM) within and across lactations. We studied 10,380 lactations from 5 large, high-producing dairy herds that used automatic recording of daily milk yields ....
Clinical, Bacteriological, and Histopathological Study of Toxic Puerperal Metritis in Iraqi Buffalo
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Data were collected from 42 buffalo with toxic puerperal metritis in 2 large herds, with a history of dystocia, prolapse, and retained placenta. All buffalo were subjected to detailed clinical examination including external inspection, vaginoscopy, and transrectal palpation of ...
Development of a Highly Sensitive and Specific Assay to Detect Staphylococcus aureus in Bovine Mastitic Milk
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Diagnosis of udder infections with Staphylococcus aureus by bacteriological milk testing of quarter milk samples is often not satisfactory. To get reliable results, repeated sampling is necessary, which is normally too expensive. Therefore, we developed a test that allows the ...
Relationships Between Milk Culture Results and Milk Yield in Norwegian Dairy Cattle
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Associations between test-day milk yield and positive milk cultures for Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp., and other mastitis pathogens or a negative milk culture for mastitis pathogens were assessed in quarter milk samples from randomly sampled cows selected without ...
Short Communication: Changes in Micromineral, Magnesium, Cytokine, and Cortisol Concentrations in Blood of Dairy Goats Following Intramammary Inoculation with Staphylococcus aureus1
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate mineral metabolism and immune response in dairy goats following intramammary inoculation with varying doses of Staphylococcus aureus. Blood samples were collected at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after intramammary inoculation. Lowered ...
Agreement of Predicted 305-Day Milk Yields Relative to Actual 305-Day Milk Weight Yields
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT The objectives of this study were to compare the multiple trait prediction (MTP) model estimate of 305-d lactation yield with the 305-d daily milk yield data from on-farm automated meters and software and to examine the accuracy of electronic identification (ID) ....
Effect of Dietary Cation-Anion Difference and Dietary Crude Protein on Milk Yield, Acid-Base Chemistry, and Rumen Fermentation
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Eight primiparous lactating Holstein cows (47 ± 10 d in milk) fitted with ruminal cannulae were used to determine the effect of dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) and dietary crude protein (CP) concentration on milk yield and composition, acid-base chemistry, and measures of ...
A New Oxygen Barrier Film Reduces Aerobic Deterioration in Farm-Scale Corn Silage
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Recently, many studies have focused on the aerobic deterioration of corn silage at the farm level, because a large part of the product stored in horizontal silos is exposed to air and is more prone to spoilage. The most important factor influencing the preservation of forage ...
Ruminal and Intermediary Metabolism of Propylene Glycol in Lactating Holstein Cows
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Four lactating Holstein cows fitted with ruminal cannulas and permanent indwelling catheters in the mesenteric artery, mesenteric vein, hepatic portal vein, and hepatic vein were used in a cross-over design to study the metabolism of propylene glycol (PG). Each cow received 2 ...
Effects of Corn Silage Derived from a Genetically Modified Variety Containing Two Transgenes on Feed Intake, Milk Production, and Composition, and the Absence of Detectable Transgenic Deoxyribonucleic Acid in Milk in Holstein Dairy Cows
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT The objectives were to compare the chemical composition, nutritive value, feed intake, milk production and composition, and presence in milk of transgenic DNA and the encoded protein Cry1Ab when corn silages containing 2 transgenes (2GM: herbicide tolerance: mepsps and insect ...
The Effect of Feeding a Dry Enzyme Mixture with Fibrolytic Activity on the Performance of Lactating Cows and Digestibility of a Diet for Sheep
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT A dry enzyme mixture was added to the diets of lactating cows and growing lambs to evaluate its ability to improve milk production and nutrient digestibility, respectively. The enzyme mixture contained xylanase and cellulase activity over a broad range of pH (tested from 4 to ...
Milk Fatty Acids. I. Variation in the Concentration of Individual Fatty Acids in Bovine Milk
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Data from 29 published experiments on Holstein cows, providing 120 dietary treatments, were collated to obtain means, standard deviations, and ranges for the concentrations (mg/g) of 26 major individual fatty acids in bovine milk fat. The influence of diet type (total mixed ...
Ruminal Degradability and Lysine Bioavailability of Soybean Meals and Effects on Performance of Dairy Cows1
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Evaluations of 4 soybean meal (SBM) products were conducted in 3 experiments. The 4 products were 1) solvent SBM (SSBM), 2) SSBM treated with 0.05% baker's yeast and toasted at 100°C (YSBM), 3) expeller SBM (ESBM), and 4) lignosulfonate-treated SBM (LSBM). Multiparous Holstein ...
Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria Inoculants on In Vitro Digestibility of Wheat and Corn Silages
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to determine the effect of 10 sources of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on dry matter digestibility (DM-D) and neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDF-D), in various combinations with starch, in vitro. The soluble starch represented a concentrate feed, ...
Milk Conjugated Linoleic Acid Response to Fish Oil and Sunflower Oil Supplementation to Dairy Cows Managed Under Two Feeding Systems
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Earlier research showed that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content in milk fat is highest when cows' diets are supplemented with a blend of fish oil (FO) and linoleic acid-rich oils. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of FO and sunflower oil (SFO) ...
Nutrient Demand Affects Ruminal Digestion Responses to a Change in Dietary Forage Concentration1
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Previous research in our laboratory has indicated that the physical filling effects of high-forage diets become increasingly dominant in determining feed intake and milk production as nutrient demand increases. This effect was tested further by using 14 ruminally and duodenally ...
Hepatic Lipid Metabolism in Transition Dairy Cows Fed Flaxseed1
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Thirty-three Holstein cows averaging 687 kg of body weight were allotted 6 wk before the expected date of parturition to 11 groups of 3 cows blocked within parity for similar calving dates to determine the effects of feeding different sources of fatty acids on blood parameters ...
Effect of Alfalfa Silage Storage Structure and Roasting Corn on Production and Ruminal Metabolism of Lactating Dairy Cows1
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine if feeding roasted corn would improve production and nutrient utilization when supplemented to lactating cows fed 1 of 3 different alfalfa silages (AS). Forty-two lactating Holstein cows (6 fitted with ruminal cannulas) averaging 77 d ...
Prediction of Genetic Correlations and International Breeding Values for Missing Traits
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Prediction of genetic merit for missing traits is possible by combining available indicator traits. Indicator traits were combined using genetic correlations obtained from multiple regression equations of estimated genetic correlations among available indicator traits on ...
Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Perinatal Sucking Behavior of Italian Brown Swiss Calves
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Brown Swiss breeders sometimes experience difficulties in feeding calves because of the weak sucking ability of the calves in the early days of life. For the welfare of the calves, they should be suckled by their dams or should aggressively ingest colostrum immediately after ...
Breeding Value Estimation for Fat Percentage Using Dense Markers on Bos taurus Autosome 14
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Prediction of breeding values using whole-genome dense marker maps for genomic selection has become feasible with the advances in DNA chip technology and the discovery of thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms in genome-sequencing projects. The objective of this study was ...
Short Communication: Changes in the Association Between Milk Yield and Age at First Calving in Holstein Cows with Herd Environment Level for Milk Yield
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of herd environment class on the genetic and phenotypic relationships of mature equivalent milk yield (MY) on age at first calving (AFC). Data analyzed were 248,230 first parity records of Holstein cows, daughters of 588 sires in ...
Genetics of Grass Dry Matter Intake, Energy Balance, and Digestibility in Grazing Irish Dairy Cows
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for grass dry matter intake (DMI), energy balance (EB), and cow internal digestibility (IDG) in grazing Holstein-Friesian dairy cows. Grass DMI was estimated up to 4 times per lactation on 1,588 lactations from 755 ...
Validation of an Approximate REML Algorithm for Parameter Estimation in a Multitrait, Multiple Across-Country Evaluation Model: A Simulation Study
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT A multitrait, multiple across-country evaluation (MT-MACE) model permitting a variable number of correlated traits per country allows international genetic evaluation models to more closely match national models. Before the MT-MACE evaluation can be applied, genetic (co)variance ...
Comparative Reproductive Performance and Early Lactation Productivity of Jersey × Holstein Cows in Predominantly Holstein Herds in a Pasture-Based Dairying System
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to compare the reproductive performance, milk production, live weight, and body condition loss during early lactation of purebred Holstein (H) cows to Jersey × H (J × H) crossbred cows in 4 Victorian herds. Cows of H and J × H breeding were managed ...
Validation of Test-Day Models for Genetic Evaluation of Dairy Goats in Norway
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Test-day data for daily milk yield and fat, protein, and lactose content were sampled from the years 1988 to 2003 in 17 flocks belonging to 2 genetically well-tied buck circles. In total, records from 2,111 to 2,215 goats for content traits and 2,371 goats for daily milk yield were ...
Tracking Spore-Forming Bacterial Contaminants in Fluid Milk-Processing Systems
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT The presence of psychrotolerant Bacillus species and related spore formers (e.g., Paenibacillus spp.) in milk has emerged as a key biological obstacle in extending the shelf life of high-temperature, short-time pasteurized fluid milk beyond 14 d. A recently developed rpoB DNA ...
Tanker Milk Variability According to Farm Feeding Practices: Vitamins A and E, Carotenoids, Color, and Terpenoids
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to study the variability in the composition of bulk milk mixtures of fat-soluble compounds (vitamins A and E, carotenoids, and terpenoids) and assess the links with milk production conditions. Milk from 10 collection trips in the French department of the ...
Associations Between Herd Characteristics and Reproductive Efficiency in Dairy Herds
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT Dairy herds worldwide are experiencing a decline in reproductive efficiency at the same time as management methods are changing. This study aimed to investigate the extent to which herd-level characteristics were associated with reproductive performance. Data from herds using ...
Determining the Amount of Rumen-Protected Methionine Supplement That Corresponds to the Optimal Levels of Methionine in Metabolizable Protein for Maximizing Milk Protein Production and Profit on Dairy Farms
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT The profitability of feeding rumen-protected Met (RPMet) sources to produce milk protein was estimated using a 2-step procedure: First, the effect of Met in metabolizable protein (MP) on milk protein production was estimated by using a quadratic Box-Cox functional form. Then, ...
Supplementation with Estradiol-17[beta] Before the Last Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Injection of the Ovsynch Protocol in Lactating Dairy Cows
Oct 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine whether an increase in circulating estrogen concentrations would increase percentage pregnant per artificial insemination (PP/AI) in a timed AI protocol in high-producing lactating dairy cows. We analyzed only cows having a synchronized ...