Journal of Postgraduate Medicine back issues from April 2004:
Early enteral nutrition after surgical treatment of gut perforations: A prospective randomised study
Apr 01, 2004; ... After elective gastrointestinal surgery, the trend has been to keep the patient 'nil by mouth' and decompress the stomach by a naso-gastric tube. There is a general consensus that gastric and colonic atony following laparotomy lasts 24-48 hours and that the small bowel, in fact, recovers ...
Concurrent intra-medullary and intra-cranial tuberculomas
Apr 01, 2004; ... Intra-medullary tuberculomas are rare and constitute only 0.2 to 5% of all central nervous system (CNS) tuberculomas. The combination of intra-medullary and intra-cranial tuberculomas is extremely rare and only three cases have been reported in the literature so far. This communication reports a ...
Cerebellar medulloblastoma presenting with skeletal metastasis
Apr 01, 2004; ... Primary tumours of the central nervous system of both neuronal and glial origin are known to give rise to neuraxial and less frequently extra-neuraxial metastases. Skeletal metastases from brain tumours are rare, but when they occur, they almost always follow surgery for the primary tumour or ...
A new technique of fixation of radial head fractures using a modified tubular plate
Apr 01, 2004; ... Radial head fractures occur in 17-44% of all elbow injuries.[1] Fractures with more than 2 mm of displacement should ideally be treated with open reduction and internal fixation.[2] We present a case of a radial head fracture fixed with a modified tubular plate. Case Report A ...
Abdominal mass secondary to actinomyces infection: An unusual presentation and its treatment
Apr 01, 2004; ... Actinomycosis is a chronic infection produced by opportunistic organisms that normally colonize the upper respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract. Actinomyces israelii is the most common pathogenic species. The organisms have a low virulence potential and cause ...
Evidence made medicine
Apr 01, 2004; ... Physicians, whether serving individual patients or populations, have always sought the best possible evidence to base their decisions and actions on. Previously, it was considered sufficient to understand the pathophysiological process of a disorder to prescribe a therapy that interrupted or ...
Cerebral infarction in a 17-year-old boy
Apr 01, 2004; ... A 17-year-old boy presented with a history of sudden onset headache, vomiting, weakness of the right half of the body and inability to speak for 24 hours. There was no history of trauma, seizure, fever or any such episode in the past. There was a significant history of a syncopal attack 15 days ...
Juvenile hyaline fibromatosis
Apr 01, 2004; ... An 18-month-old female child born of a second degree consanguineous marriage presented with asymptomatic, pink, raised lesions on the body since the age of six months and boggy swellings on the scalp since the age of 12 months. There was a gradual increase in the size of the skin and scalp ...
Intraosseus schwannoma
Apr 01, 2004; ... A 35-year-old lady presented with gradually increasing swelling over right arm for the last four years without a history of trauma. The initial painless swelling showed a sudden increase in size and warmth for the past five months. On clinical examination, there was a large, globular, ...
Lenticulostriate vasculopathy on transcranial sonography
Apr 01, 2004; ... A 7-month-old girl presented with history of fever, on and off, since 4 months and irritability since 8 days. She had received treatment for the same, records of which were not available. Birth history was unremarkable. Vaccination was adequate for age. There was no neurological deficit; ...
Topical immunomodulators in dermatology
Apr 01, 2004; ... The skin is a large immune organ. It consists of keratinocytes that play a key role in immune recognition by producing a variety of cytokines. It also contains antigen-presenting cells (Langerhans cells) that communicate with immunocompetent T lymphocytes in the dermis and provide an optimum ...
Insulin resistance, insulin sensitization and inflammation in polycystic ovarian syndrome
Apr 01, 2004; ... Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is characterised by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism (hyperandrogenism can exist in the absence of hyperandrogenemia e.g. enhanced tissue sensitivity to androgens) in premenopausal women. According to revised guidelines of PCOS Consensus Workshop ...
Vegetables, fruits and phytoestrogens in the prevention of diseases
Apr 01, 2004; ... Human food choices and dietary patterns have been driven by necessity and economics and have been influenced by the promotion of foods more on their merits of taste, cost or convenience, and less for their nutritional merits or health value. The diversity of human dietary patterns around the ...
Falciparum malaria induced retrobulbar neuritis
Apr 01, 2004; ... Sir, Commonly seen ophthalmic complications in falciparum malaria include retinal haemorrhages and oedema, papilloedema, disc pallor and vitreous haemorrhage.[1] We describe here a rare complication of falciparum malaria leading to sudden blindness, thus warranting its clinical awareness ...
Central nervous embolism as an unusual presentation of left atrial myxoma
Apr 01, 2004; ... Sir, Cardiogenic embolism accounts for about 15% of all ischemic brain infarcts, and most often it is related to atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, or cardiomyopathy. In patients with acute ischemic stroke and concomitant atrial arrhythmias, the arrhythmia is often incriminated ...
Introducing oncology registrars to palliative care
Apr 01, 2004; ... Sir, About 350,000 patients in India suffer from cancer pain,[1] and one of the stated aims of the National Cancer Control Programme is to provide pain relief and palliative care.[2] But few oncologists in the country have formal training in palliative care and only a small proportion of ...
Development of hydrocephalus in a patient with Joubert syndrome
Apr 01, 2004; ... Sir, Joubert syndrome is a rare autosomal-recessive condition characterized by dysgenesis of the cerebellar vermis, hypotonia, ataxia, abnormal eye movements, mental retardation, episodic hyperpnoea and apnoea.[1] We report a patient diagnosed as Joubert syndrome during the ...
Leflunomide: A novel disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug
Apr 01, 2004; ... Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common form of inflammatory arthritis affecting approximately 0.5 to 1% of the population. It follows a progressive course with evidence of structural joint damage occurring as early as 4 weeks after the onset of symptoms and usually gets fully established ...
Sir Charles Bell: The artist who went to the roots!
Apr 01, 2004; ... Sir Charles Bell was born on 12th November 1774, United Kingdom, as one of three sons of a minister of the Church of England.[1],[2],[3] His father died when he was only 5 years old and so the personality and career of Charles Bell was greatly influenced by his mother. Widowed, she assumed the ...
Medical research in 21st Century - What is needed
Apr 01, 2004; ... The last decade was marked by exciting and epoch making advances in basic sciences, completion of the human genome project, in-vitro fertilization, cloning, stem cell research, and sequencing of microbial genomes to name a few. In the coming decade, it is expected that scientists will be ...
Thymoma: A pathological study of 50 cases
Apr 01, 2004; ... Besides playing a crucial role in the differentiation of T lymphocytes, the thymus is a site for a spectrum of tumours and tumour-like lesions. Among the tumours, thymomas form an important group. They pose a diagnostic challenge to the pathologists by their array of histological features ...
Caspase 1 and caspase 8 in HIV infected patients with and without tuberculosis
Apr 01, 2004; ... Depletion of CD4+ T cells is largely responsible for the immunodeficiency that occurs during the late stages of HIV disease.[1] Since only a very small proportion of CD4+ T cells are productively infected at any given time and a larger number of cells are getting destroyed continuously, several ...
Imaging using Tc99m-tetrofosmin for the detection of the recurrence of brain tumour: A comparative study with Tc99m-glucoheptonate
Apr 01, 2004; ... Functional imaging of the brain in the form of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is frequently performed to evaluate the viability of a mass lesion detected by anatomical imaging modalities.[1],[2],[3] Various radiopharmaceuticals have been evaluated as brain tumour-seeking ...
Doctor patient relationship: Changing dynamics in the information age
Apr 01, 2004; ... They are arriving to your clinic armed with information they have found on the web, with a preconceived idea about their diagnosis and treatment options, more demanding regarding convenience and ease of access. They want to actively participate in therapeutic decisions and want all the decisions ...