Life Extension back issues from March 2009:
Ending the Atrocities.(AS WE SEE IT)(Food and Drug Administration)(Editorial)
Mar 01, 2009; ... Today's population lives on a railroad track. Everything may be fine for the moment--until a freight train comes along and wipes us out. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] We at Life Extension have pled for 29 years to get off the track before the train comes. A ...
Eighty percent of medical professionals recommend supplements.(IN THE NEWS)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009; ... Most health care professionals--79% of physicians and 82% of nurses--recommend supplement use for their patients, according to a survey by the Council for Responsible Nutrition, a dietary supplement trade association. (1,2) The survey, called the Life ... supplemented Medical Professionals ...
Common chemical, bisphenol A, may increase risk of disease.(IN THE NEWS)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009; ... Elevated levels of bisphenol A (BPA) have recently been associated with certain illnesses in adults. * BPA is a chemical compound used in manufacturing food containers and other plastic items. The data were derived from a large nationwide US study, the National Health and ...
Lifestyle improvements enhance telomerase.(IN THE NEWS)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009; ... Lancet Oncology reports new findings that adopting positive lifestyle changes increases the activity of telomerase, the enzyme responsible for maintaining telomeres. * Telomeres are DNA-protein complexes that cap the ends of chromosomes, aiding in their stabilization. Adequate ...
Red wine polyphenols protect against UVB damage.(IN THE NEWS)(ultraviolet B)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009; ... Drinking red wine protects against the harmful effects of ultraviolet B (UVB) light, according to a recent German study.* Red wine contains high levels of antioxidant polyphenols. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] In this study, 15 healthy men underwent irradiation with UVB ...
Higher aspirin dose may be better at preventing deaths.(IN THE NEWS)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009; ... Physicians have long recommended that their at-risk patients take low-dose aspirin, such as one baby aspirin daily, to help reduce cardiovascular risk. But a new study from the American Journal of Cardiology suggests that higher doses of aspirin may be more effective at preventing ...
Fruit, vegetable intake prevents colorectal cancer in men.(IN THE NEWS)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009; ... Fruit and vegetable consumption may protect against colorectal cancer in men, according to a study conducted in Hawaii and California. * A total of 85,903 men and 105,108 women aged 45 to 75 years completed detailed questionnaires on health characteristics and dietary habits, ...
Vitamin B deficiency associated with cognitive impairment.(IN THE NEWS)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009; ... Vitamin B deficiency is associated with cognitive impairment in mice, as well as elevated homocysteine and microvascular changes in the brain.* High levels of homocysteine predispose to cerebrovascular disease and Alzheimer's disease in humans. Mice were fed one of two diets ...
Fish consumption improves survival in prostate cancer.(IN THE NEWS)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009; ... Men who consume large amounts of fish have better survival from prostate cancer, according to a long-term follow-up study. * [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] More than 20,000 men who participated in the Physician's Health Study answered questionnaires at enrollment in 1983 ...
Flavonoids help maintain body weight in women.(IN THE NEWS)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009; ... High intake of flavones, flavonols, and catechins help maintain body weight in women. * These flavonoids are phytochemicals found in plant-derived foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, wine, tea, herbs, and spices. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The findings were ...
Decreased antioxidant levels associated with silent atherosclerosis.(IN THE NEWS)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009; ... An article recently published in the journal Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism reports the discovery of an association between decreased plasma levels of several antioxidants and early carotid atherosclerotic lesions in asymptomatic middle-aged individuals. * In this study, 220 ...
Greater calcium intake correlated with lower body mass index.(IN THE NEWS)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009; ... A recent issue of the journal Nutrition published the findings of Brazilian researchers of an association between greater calcium intake and lower body mass index in men and women. * [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Researchers at the Univ-ersity of Sao Paulo evaluated data ...
Chromium plus vitamins C & E decrease insulin resistance in diabetes.(IN THE NEWS)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009; ... The nutrient chromium, alone or in combination with vitamins C and E, significantly lessens oxidative stress and reduces insulin resistance among patients with type 2 diabetes, according to the results of a new controlled study. * Thirty subjects were blindly and randomly ...
Vitamin C lowers C-reactive protein.(IN THE NEWS)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009; ... A recent article in the journal Free Radical Biology and Medicine reports the finding of researchers at the University of California, Berkeley that supplementing with vitamin C reduces C-reactive protein (CRP),* a marker of inflammation linked with an increased risk of cardiovascular ...
Vitamin D deficiency: an emerging cardiovascular disease risk factor.(IN THE NEWS)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009; ... A recent review published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology describes the involvement of deficient vitamin D levels in common risk factors for cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular events. * Michael F. Holick, MD, PhD, and colleagues note that insufficient ...
Vitamin B1 helps reverse early kidney disease in diabetics.(IN THE NEWS)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009; ... A report published in a recent issue of the journal Diabetologia reveals that high doses of the B vitamin thiamine can reverse one of the signs of early kidney disease in diabetic patients.* Diabetes increases the risk of kidney disease, which is detected in its early stage by testing for ...
Cancer prevention research conference reports protective effect of cruciferous vegetables.(IN THE NEWS)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009; ... At the Seventh Annual International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research, Li Tang, PhD, reported the results of a study that compared the diets of lung cancer patients matched for smoking status with subjects who did not have cancer. * A strong association was ...
Enhancing growth hormone naturally.(Report)
Mar 01, 2009 ... During our youth, abundant levels of growth hormone (GH) promote an energetic physiology essential for healthy metabolism and an optimal ratio of lean muscle tissue to body fat. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] By the time we reach middle age, however, levels of essential ...
Preserving cognitive function with aging.(REPORT)(Report)
Mar 01, 2009; ... One of the most frightening tragedies in life is witnessing dementia rob a loved one of their memory, personality, and dignity. While there are not yet cures for these mind-destroying diseases, scientists are discovering that cognitive deterioration need not be an "inevitable" result of ...
Detecting metastatic cancer lesions ... before it is too late!(REPORT)(Product/service evaluation)(Report)
Mar 01, 2009; ... Metastasis is perhaps the word cancer patients dread the most--it indicates that their primary tumor has escaped its original boundaries, and that the cancer has now spread to remote parts of the body. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Back in September 2007, Life Extension ...
Fighting cancer metastasis and heavy metal toxicities with modified citrus pectin.(REPORT)(Report)
Mar 01, 2009; ... Despite billions of research dollars spent every year, cancer remains the second leading killer of Americans. One reason cancer is so lethal is its tendency to metastasize to essential organs throughout the body. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Certain malignancies (like ...
Mark Hyman, MD: healing the broken brain syndrome.(ON THE COVER)(Interview)
Mar 01, 2009; ... In his previous book, The UltraSimple Diet (Pocket Books, 2007), Mark Hyman, MD, called himself a "medical detective," a practitioner of the rapidly emerging field of functional medicine, which searches for the underlying cause of illness instead of merely treating the symptoms. Now, in ...
Why life extension's pharmacy is unique.(ASK THE PHARMACIST)(Company overview)
Mar 01, 2009; ... As the newly appointed Director of Pharmacy Operations, Frank La Corte, RPh, PD, is upgrading the Life Extension Pharmacy to provide unique and valuable services for its clients. Using over 20 years of experience in the pharmaceutical and compounding sectors, Pharmacist La Corte has set ...
Preventing diabetes: with the Miami Mediterranean diet.(ASK THE DOCTOR)(Report)
Mar 01, 2009; ... Q: I have been following the Miami Mediterranean diet to reduce my risk of heart disease. I read somewhere that this diet may be helpful for those with high blood sugar and diabetes. Can you tell me more about this? A: I'm glad to hear that you're following the healthy Miami ...
The effects of growth hormone and sex steroid on lean body mass, fat mass, muscle strength, cardiovascular endurance and adverse events in healthy elderly women and men.(Growth Hormone)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... Decreases in growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I occur with age, in addition to oestrogen deficiency in women and a reduction in the levels of testosterone in men. These age-related hormonal changes may contribute to reductions in lean body mass, muscle strength and ...
Use of growth hormone for prevention or treatment of effects of aging.(Growth Hormone)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... Decreases in growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I, estrogen deficiency in women, diminished testosterone in men, and loss of lean body mass, increased fat, and other changes consistent with hormone deficiencies occur during aging. Treatment of nonelderly GH-deficient adults ...
Evaluation and treatment of adult growth hormone deficiency: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline.(Growth Hormone)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... OBJECTIVE: The objective is to provide guidelines for the evaluation and treatment of adults with GH deficiency (GHD). PARTICIPANTS: The chair of the Task Force was selected by the Clinical Guidelines Subcommittee of The Endocrine Society (TES). The chair selected five other ...
Aging and the growth hormone/insulin like growth factor-I axis.(Growth Hormone)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... Growth hormone release and IGF-I synthesis decrease with increasing age. The regulation of the GH/IGF-I system is dependent on the integrity of the hypothalamus, pituitary and liver. During aging there are several changes which contribute to the decline in GH/IGF-I including changes in ...
Systematic review: the safety and efficacy of growth hormone in the healthy elderly.(Growth Hormone)(Report)
Mar 01, 2009 ... BACKGROUND: Human growth hormone (GH) is widely used as an antiaging therapy, although its use for this purpose has not been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and its distribution as an antiaging agent is illegal in the United States. PURPOSE: To evaluate the ...
Growth hormone treatment in human ageing: benefits and risks.(Growth Hormone)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... This paper will focus on the rationale of using Growth Hormone (GH) as an anti-ageing therapy in the healthy elderly with age-related decline in the activity of the GH/IGF-I axis, the so called "somatopause". Although the age-related decline in the activity of the GH/IGF-I axis is ...
Growth hormone status in morbidly obese subjects and correlation with body composition.(Growth Hormone)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... Morbidly obese subjects are characterized by multiple endocrine abnormalities and these are paralleled by unfavorable changes in body composition. In obese individuals, either 24-h spontaneous or stimulated GH secretion is impaired without an organic pituitary disease and the severity of ...
Adult-onset growth hormone deficiency: causes, complications and treatment options.(Growth Hormone)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Desc-ription of the progresses related to the complications and treatment of adult-onset growth hormone deficiency. RECENT FINDINGS: Growth hormone deficiency in adults has gained attention as a clinical syndrome associated with increased morbidity and possibly ...
Growth hormone decreases visceral fat and improves cardiovascular risk markers in women with hypopituitarism: a randomized, placebo-controlled study.(Growth Hormone)(Report)
Mar 01, 2009 ... CONTEXT: Data regarding gender-specific efficacy of GH on critical endpoints are lacking. There are no randomized, placebo-controlled studies of physiological GH therapy solely in women. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to determine the effects of physiological GH replacement on cardiovascular ...
Recombinant human GH replacement increases CD34+ cells and improves endothelial function in adults with GH deficiency.(Growth Hormone)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... OBJECTIVE: Adult patients with GH deficiency (GHD) are at increased risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Endothelial function, vascular stiffness, and loss of circulating CD34+ cells are considered biomarkers for cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to assess ...
Bone density and turnover in young adult patients with growth hormone deficiency after 2-year growth hormone replacement according with gender.(Growth Hormone)(Report)
Mar 01, 2009 ... GH deficiency (GHD) in adults is accompanied by reduced bone mass that may revert only after 2 yr of GH replacement. However, it is unclear whether the gender may modify bone responsiveness to GH replacement in adults. In this study we have evaluated whether bone mineral density (BMD) and ...
Growth hormone treatment of adults with Prader-Willi syndrome and growth hormone deficiency improves lean body mass, fractional body fat, and serum triiodothyronine without glucose impairment: results from the united states multicenter trial.(Growth Hormone)(Report)
Mar 01, 2009 ... CONTEXT: GH replacement in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) children has well-defined benefits and risks and is used extensively worldwide. Its use in PWS adults has been limited by documentation of benefits and risks, as determined by larger multisite studies. OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to ...
GH replacement reduces increased lipid peroxidation in GH-deficient adults.(Growth Hormone)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... BACKGROUND: GH replacement improves numerous metabolic abnormalities in GH-deficient patients; increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) has been observed in GH-deficient patients; however, it is unknown if LPO is influenced by GH replacement. AIM AND METHODS: To evaluate the extent to which GH ...
Systematic review: the effects of growth hormone on athletic performance.(Growth Hormone)(Report)
Mar 01, 2009 ... BACKGROUND: Human growth hormone is reportedly used to enhance athletic performance, although its safety and efficacy for this purpose are poorly understood. PURPOSE: To evaluate evidence about the effects of growth hormone on athletic performance in physically fit, young individuals. DATA ...
Use of amino acids as growth hormone-releasing agents by athletes.(Growth Hormone)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... Specific amino acids, such as arginine, lysine and ornithine, can stimulate growth hormone (GH) release when infused intravenously or administered orally. Many individuals consume amino acids before strength training workouts, believing this practice accentuates the exercise-induced GH ...
Growth hormone administration and exercise effects on muscle fiber type and diameter in moderately frail older people.(Growth Hormone)(Report)
Mar 01, 2009 ... OBJECTIVE: Reduced muscle mass and strength are characteristic findings of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and aging. We evaluated measures of muscle strength, muscle fiber type, and cross sectional area in response to treatment with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) with or without ...
GH administration changes myosin heavy chain isoforms in skeletal muscle but does not augment muscle strength or hypertrophy, either alone or combined with resistance exercise training in healthy elderly men.(Growth Hormone)(Report)
Mar 01, 2009 ... GH administration, either alone or combined with resistance exercise training (RT), has attracted interest as a means of increasing muscle mass and strength in the elderly. In the present study, 31 healthy, elderly men [age, 74 +/- 1 yr (mean +/SEM)] were assigned to either RT [3 ...
Maintaining cognitive health in an ageing society.(Cognitive function)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... A significant concern associated with growing old is the loss of cognitive function, resulting in dementia. Fortunately, the current research on ageing indicates that cognitive decline is not an inevitable function of the ageing process. Moreover, individuals can take steps to maintain ...
Effect of lyophilised vaccinium berries on memory, anxiety and locomotion in adult rats.(Cognitive function)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... Epidemiological studies suggest that diets with a high intake of vegetables and fruits may reduce the incidence of degenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease. Berries are some of the popular fruits consumed worldwide. They are considered to be rich in anthocyanin pigments, a ...
The putative role of free radicals in the loss of neuronal functioning in senescence.(Cognitive function)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... One of the hallmarks of the aging process is a loss of sensitivity in central neuronal receptors to agonist stimulation. This appears to be especially true in central (hippocampal, striatal) muscarinic cholinergic systems and in the striatal dopamine systems. For these two systems, any ...
Reversals of age-related declines in neuronal signal transduction, cognitive, and motor behavioral deficits with blueberry, spinach, or strawberry dietary supplementation.(Cognitive function)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... Ample research indicates that age-related neuronal-behavioral decrements are the result of oxidative stress that may be ameliorated by antioxidants. Our previous study had shown that rats given dietary supplements of fruit and vegetable extracts with high antioxidant activity for 8 months ...
Modulation of hippocampal plasticity and cognitive behavior by short-term blueberry supplementation in aged rats.(Cognitive function)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... During aging, reductions in hippocampal neurogenesis are associated with memory decline indicating a causal relationship. Indeed, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), a major activator of the extracellular receptor kinase pathway that is central in learning and memory processes, is also a ...
Investigation of the effect of vinpocetine on cerebral blood flow and cognitive functions.(Cognitive function)(Report)
Mar 01, 2009 ... INTRODUCTION: Vinpocetine has been widely used in the treatment of ischaemic cerebrovascular diseases and dementias of vascular type. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion plays an important role in the development of certain types of dementia. In consequence of complex mode of action vinpocetine ...
Improvement of short-term memory performance in aged beagles by a nutraceutical supplement containing phosphatidylserine, ginkgo biloba, vitamin E, and pyridoxine.(Cognitive function)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... Aged dogs demonstrate cognitive decline that is linked to brain aging. The purpose of the present study was to examine if a commercially available nutraceutical supplement that may be neuroprotective and contains phosphatidylserine, Ginkgo biloba, vitamin E, and pyridoxine could improve ...
Influence of phosphatidylserine on cognitive performance and cortical activity after induced stress.(Cognitive function)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of phosphatidylserine (PS) on cognition and cortical activity after mental stress. After familiarization, 16 healthy subjects completed cognitive tasks after induced stress in a test-re-test design (T1 and T2). Directly after T1, subjects ...
Aromas of rosemary and lavender essential oils differentially affect cognition and mood in healthy adults.(Cognitive function)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... This study was designed to assess the olfactory impact of the essential oils of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) and rosemary (Rosmarlnus officinalis) on cognitive performance and mood in healthy volunteers. One hundred and forty-four participants were randomly assigned to one of three ...
Clinical and non-clinical investigations using positron emission tomography, near infrared spectroscopy and transcranial doppler methods on the neuroprotective drug vinpocetine: a summary of evidences.(Cognitive function)(Drug overview)(Report)
Mar 01, 2009 ... Vinpocetine (Cavinton, Gedeon Richter, Budapest) is widely used as a neuroprotective drug in the prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. Vinpocetine is a potent inhibitor of the voltage-dependent Na(+) channels and a selective inhibitor of the Ca(2+)/caldmoduline-dependent ...
Choline alphoscerate in cognitive decline and in acute cerebrovascular disease: an analysis of published clinical data.(Cognitive function)(Report)
Mar 01, 2009 ... This paper has reviewed the documentation on the clinical efficacy of choline alphoscerate, a cholinergic precursor, considered as a centrally acting parasympathomimetic drug in dementia disorders and in acute cerebrovascular disease. Thirteen published clinical trials, examining in total ...
The potential of nanoparticle-enhanced imaging.(Combidex)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... Accurate lymph node staging in genitourinary malignancy is an important component in the diagnostic algorithm and therapeutic planning. A promising new method for lymph node staging is lymphotrophic nanoparticle enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. This novel technique uses ultrasmall ...
Colorectal carcinoma: selected issues in pathologic examination and staging and determination of prognostic factors.(Combidex)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... CONTEXT: Colorectal carcinoma is one of the most common types of cancer in Western countries and is consistently ranked among the top 3 causes of cancer-related deaths, with approximately 150 000 new cases in the United States and 55 000 deaths in 2006. The pathologist's assessment of ...
Risk factors and clinical outcomes of patients with node-positive muscle-invasive bladder cancer.(Combidex)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... Radical cystectomy and lymphadenectomy is a standard treatment for patients with high-grade, invasive bladder cancer. Although the absolute limits of lymphadectomy at the time of surgery have not been precisely defined, there is a growing body of evidence to suggest that an extended lymph ...
Prognostic factors in patients with carcinoma of the vulva--our own experience and literature review.(Combidex)(Brief article)(Clinical report)
Mar 01, 2009 ... AIM OF THE STUDY: The objective was the analysis of prognostic factors and treatment outcomes of 104 patients with vulvar cancer, treated between 1990 and 2003 in the Center of Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Institute, Cracow, Poland. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The median age of ...
Clinical evidence of breast cancer micrometastasis in the era of sentinel node biopsy.(Combidex)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... Sentinel node biopsy for early-stage breast cancer has been established as an excellent surgical and staging procedure developed to enhance the detection of minimal lymph node involvement such as micrometastases. Multisection and the proper use of immunohistochemical staining have led to ...
Sentinel node biopsy: interpretation and management of patients with immunohistochemistry-positive sentinel nodes and those with micrometastases.(Combidex)(Report)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... The sentinel node procedure is an adequate tool to identify lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. Sentinel nodes are generally examined with greater attention mainly to exclude, as reliably as possible, lymph node metastasis. To achieve this, many protocols are used, resulting in ...
Prostate cancer evaluated with ferumoxtran-10-enhanced T2*-weighted MR imaging at 1.5 and 3.0 T: early experience.(Combidex)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... PURPOSE: To prospectively evaluate the feasibility of ferumoxtran-10-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging at high magnetic field strength (3.0 T) and to compare image quality between 1.5- and 3.0-T MR imaging in terms of lymph node detection in patients with prostate cancer. MATERIALS ...
Rectal cancer staging.(Combidex)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... Endorectal-US is the most suitable imaging technique in the initial staging of rectal cancer and it is mostly accurate in evaluating early stages and in demonstrating the perirectal spread of cancer tissue. CT is not able to demonstrate the layers of the rectal wall and its accuracy in ...
MRI with a lymph-node-specific contrast agent as an alternative to ct scan and lymph-node dissection in patients with prostate cancer: a prospective multicohort study.(Combidex)
Mar 01, 2009 ... BACKGROUND: In patients with prostate cancer who are deemed to be at intermediate or high risk of having nodal metastases, invasive diagnostic pelvic lymph-node dissection (PLND) is the gold standard for the detection of nodal disease. However, a new lymph-node-specific MR-contrast agent ...
Use of ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide in lymph node MR imaging in prostate cancer patients.(Combidex)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... A macrophage-specific magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent allows the detection of small and otherwise undetectable lymph node metastases in patients with prostate cancer. This has an important clinical impact, as the diagnosis will be more precise and less invasive to obtain. ...
Recent advances in iron oxide nanocrystal technology for medical imaging.(Combidex)(Brief article)
Mar 01, 2009 ... Superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (SPIO and USPIO) have a variety of applications in molecular and cellular imaging. Most of the recent research has concerned cellular imaging with imaging of in vivo macrophage activity. According to the iron oxide nanoparticle composition and size ...
Detection of pelvic lymph node metastases in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer: comparison of [18f]fluorocholine positron emission tomography-computerized tomography and laparoscopic radioisotope guided sentinel lymph node dissection.(Combidex)
Mar 01, 2009 ... PURPOSE: Accurate detection of lymph node metastases in prostate cancer has important implications for prognosis and approach to treatment. We investigated whether preoperative [18F]fluorocholine combined in-line positron emission tomographycomputerized tomography and intraoperative ...