Recently added articles from Lipids:
Inbred C57BL/6J and DBA/2J Mouse Strains Exhibit Constitutive Differences in Regional Brain Fatty Acid Composition
Jan 01, 2009; ... Abstract Major behavioral and neurochemical features observed between inbred C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mouse strains can be reproduced within rodent strains following dietary-induced reductions in brain docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) composition. It was therefore hypothesized that C57BL/6 and DBA/2 ...
Alterations in the High Density Lipoprotein Phenotype and HDL-Associated Enzymes in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome
Jan 01, 2009; ... Abstract Patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) usually have low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. We determined the HDL distribution profile as well as the HDL-related lipoprotein associated phospholipase A^sub 2^ (HDL-LpPLA^sub 2^) and paraoxonase-1 (PONI) activities in ...
Influence of Interesterification of a Stearic Acid-Rich Spreadable Fat on Acute Metabolic Risk Factors
Jan 01, 2009; ... Abstract Chemical and enzymatic interesterification are used to create spreadable fats. However, a comparison between the two processes in terms of their acute metabolic effects has not yet been investigated. A randomised crossover study in obese (plasma TAG > 1.69 mmol/L, and BMI > 30 ...
Visualization of Bile Homeostasis Using ^sup 1^H-NMR Spectroscopy as a Route for Assessing Liver Cancer
Jan 01, 2009; ... Abstract Changes in bile synthesis by the liver or alterations in the enterohepatic circulation due to a variety of etiological conditions may represent a novel source of liver disease-specific biomarkers. Bile from patients with liver diseases exhibited significant changes in the levels of ...
Effects of Rice Bran Oil Enriched with n-3 PUFA on Liver and Serum Lipids in Rats
Jan 01, 2009; ... Abstract Lipase-catalyzed interesterification was used to prepare different structured lipids (SL) from rice bran oil (RBO) by replacing some of the fatty acids with α-linolenic acid (ALA) from linseed oil (LSO) and n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) from cod liver oil ...
Oolichan Grease: A Unique Marine Lipid and Dietary Staple of the North Pacific Coast
Jan 01, 2009; ... Abstract Oolichan grease, a dietary fat prepared from smelt-like fish, is highly prized by north Pacific coast aboriginal cultures. The composition of oolichan grease is unclear, with one report indicating a high 22:6n-3 content consistent with cold-water marine oils, but another reporting a ...
Effect of Linseed Fed as Rolled Seeds, Extruded Seeds or Oil on Fatty Acid Rumen Metabolism and Intestinal Digestibility in Cows
Jan 01, 2009; ... Abstract Linseed, a source of linolenic acid, is used in ruminant diets to increase polyunsaturated fatty acids (FA) in animal products. Seed processing is known to have an impact on FA rumen metabolism, but few data are available for linseed. We studied the effect of linseed lipid on ruminai ...
Two Novel Ceramides with a Phytosphingolipid and a Tertiary Amide Structure from Zephyranthes candida
Jan 01, 2009; ... Abstract Two novel ceramides, Candidamide A (1) with a phytosphingolipid structure, and Candidamide B (2) with a tertiary amide structure, together with 12 known compounds (3-14) have been isolated from the bulbs of Zephyranthes candida. The structures of 1 and 2 have been elucidated to be ...
Identification of Novel Acetylenic Alcohols and a New Dihydrothiopyranone from the Tropical Sponge Reniochalina sp.
Jan 01, 2009; ... Abstract Two new acetylenic alcohols (1-2) and a new dihydrothiopyranone (3) were isolated from the tropical sponge Reniochalina sp. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic and chemical methods to be (3R)-hydroxyoctatriacont-(4E)-en-1-yne (1), 5-hydroxyheptatriacont-(3Z)-en-1-yne (2) ...
Simultaneous Quantification of Plant Glyceroglycolipids Including Sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol by HPLC-ELSD with Binary Gradient Elution
Jan 01, 2009; ... Abstract Membrane lipids of photosynthetic organisms consist of glycerophospholipids and glyceroglycolipids. We investigated a method for the simultaneous quantitative analysis of neutral and acidic lipids using HPLC-ELSD, and quantified monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), ...
Recent Advances in Sterol Research Presented at the 99th AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo in Seattle Washington, May 2008
Dec 01, 2008; ... Since 1970, AOCS has been a regular host to the sterol symposia. Table 1 summarizes the history of the AOCS Sterol Symposium Series. The pioneers who established the AOCS Sterol Symposium during its first decade include Dr. Henry W. Kircher (University of Arizona, an expert on natural product ...
From Molecular Fossils of Bacterial Hopanoids to the Formation of Isoprene Units: Discovery and Elucidation of the Methylerythritol Phosphate Pathway
Dec 01, 2008; ... Abstract Investigations on the biosynthesis of bacterial triterpenoids of the hopane series led to the unexpected discovery of an alternative mevalonate independent pathway for the formation of isoprene units. Methylerythritol phosphate, already presenting the C^sub 5^ branched isoprene ...
Regulation of Steroid Hormone Biosynthesis by the Cytoskeleton
Dec 01, 2008; ... Abstract Steroid hormones are synthesized in response to signaling cascades initiated by the trophic peptide hormones derived from the anterior pituitary. The mechanisms by which these peptide hormones regulate steroid hormone production are multifaceted and include controlling the transcription ...
CYP51: A Major Drug Target in the Cytochrome P450 Superfamily
Dec 01, 2008; ... Abstract The cytochrome P540 (CYP) superfamily currently includes about 9,000 proteins forming more than 800 families. The enzymes catalyze monooxygenation of a vast array of compounds and play essentially two roles. They provide biodefense (detoxification of xenobiotics, antibiotic production) ...
Studies of Membrane Topology of Mitochondrial Cholesterol Hydroxylases CYPs 27A1 and 11A1
Dec 01, 2008; ... Abstract Mitochondrial cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP or P450, EC 1.14.13.15) play an important role in metabolism of cholesterol. CYP27A1 hydroxylates cholesterol at position 27 and, thus, initiates cholesterol removal from many extrahepatic tissues. CYP11A1 is a steroidogenic P450 that converts ...
Molecular Evolution of a Steroid Hydroxylating Cytochrome P450 Using a Versatile Steroid Detection System for Screening
Dec 01, 2008; ... Abstract Molecular evolution is a powerful tool for improving or changing activities of enzymes for their use in biotechnological processes. Cytochromes P450 are highly interesting enzymes for biotechnological purposes because they are able to hydroxylate a broad variety of substrates with high ...
Expression and Characterization of CYP51, the Ancient Sterol 14-demethylase Activity for Cytochromes P450 (CYP), in the White-Rot Fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium
Dec 01, 2008; ... Abstract Phanerochaete chrysosporium was the first fungal genome to exhibit more than one hundred cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes for a fungus within its genome (~ 150). It can metabolize lignocellulose and a wide range of environmental xenobiotics including many carcinogens and pollutants where ...
Genetic Variation in ABC G5/G8 and NPC1L1 Impact Cholesterol Response to Plant Sterols in Hypercholesterolemic Men
Dec 01, 2008; ... Abstract ATP-binding cassette hetero-dimeric transporters G5 and G8 (ABCG5/G8) have been postulated to mediate intestinal cholesterol efflux, whereas Niemann-Pick C1 Like 1 (NPC1L1) protein is believed to be essential for intestinal cholesterol influx. The individual or combined genetic markers, ...
Structure of Dehydroergosterol Monohydrate and Interaction with Sterol Carrier Protein-2
Dec 01, 2008; ... Abstract Dehydroergosterol [ergosta-5,7,9(ll),22-tetraen-3β-ol] is a naturally-occurring, fluorescent sterol utilized extensively to probe membrane cholesterol distribution, cholesterol-protein interactions, and intracellular cholesterol transport both in vitro and in vivo. In aqueous ...
Fluorescence Techniques Using Dehydroergosterol to Study Cholesterol Trafficking
Dec 01, 2008; ... Abstract Cholesterol itself has very few structural/ chemical features suitable for real-time imaging in living cells. Thus, the advent of dehydroergosterol [ergosta5,7,9(11),22-tetraen-3β-ol, DHE] the fluorescent sterol most structurally and functionally similar to cholesterol to date, ...