Recently added articles from Monthly Weather Review:
Eastern North Pacific Hurricane Season of 2006
Jan 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT The hurricane season of 2006 in the eastern North Pacific basin is summarized, and the individual tropical cyclones are described. Also, the official track and intensity forecasts of these cyclones are verified and evaluated. The 2006 eastern North Pacific season was an active ...
A Numerical Investigation of the Eyewall Evolution in a Landfalling Typhoon
Jan 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT An interesting eyewall evolution occurred in Typhoon Zeb (1998) when it devastated Luzon. The eyewall of Zeb contracted before landfall and broke down and weakened after landfall; then a much larger new eyewall formed and strengthened as it left Luzon and reentered the ocean ....
Dynamics and Predictability of a Heavy Dry-Season Precipitation Event over West Africa-Sensitivity Experiments with a Global Model
Jan 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT In January 2002 the Cape Verde region in tropical West Africa was hit by an exceptionally heavy precipitation event. Rain rates of up to 116 mm (48 h)^sup -1^ caused harmful impacts on the local population. The rainfall was triggered by a series of two upper-level disturbances ...
Synoptic Variability of Rainfall and Cloudiness along the Coasts of Northern Peru and Ecuador during the 1997/98 El Niño Event
Jan 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT This paper describes the meteorological conditions associated with large fluctuations in rainfall over the coastal regions of northern Peru and Ecuador during the 1997/98 El Niño event. Using data from a network of routine rain gauges and special gauges established just prior to ...
The Spatial Distribution and Evolution Characteristics of North Atlantic Cyclones
Jan 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT A climatology of extratropical cyclones is produced using an objective method of identifying cyclones based on gradients of 1-km height wet-bulb potential temperature. Cyclone track and genesis density statistics are analyzed and this method is found to compare well with other ...
CAPE and Convective Events in the Southwest during the North American Monsoon
Jan 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT The relationship between atmospheric stability, measured as CAPE, and deep precipitating convection has been widely studied but is not definitive. In the maritime tropics, CAPE and precipitation are usually inversely correlated. In continental convection (i.e., midlatitude and ...
Life of a Six-Hour Hurricane
Jan 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT Hurricane Claudette developed from a weak vortex in 6 h as deep convection shifted from downshear into the vortex center, despite ambient vertical wind shear exceeding 10ms^sup -1^. Six hours later it weakened to a tropical storm, and 12 h after the hurricane stage a circulation ...
A Simplified Dynamical System for Tropical Cyclone Intensity Prediction
Jan 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT A simplified dynamical system for tropical cyclone intensity prediction based on a logistic growth equation (LGE) is developed. The time tendency of the maximum sustained surface winds is proportional to the sum of two terms: a growth term and a term that limits the maximum wind ...
Impact of Satellite Observations on the Tropical Cyclone Track Forecasts of the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System
Jan 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT The tropical cyclone (TC) track forecasts of the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS) were evaluated for a number of data assimilation experiments conducted using observational data from two periods: 4 July-31 October 2005 and 1 August-30 September ...
Simulation of Synoptic- and Subsynoptic-Scale Phenomena Associated with the East Asian Summer Monsoon Using a High-Resolution GCM
Jan 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT A 20-yr simulation using a global atmospheric general circulation model with a resolution of 0.5° latitude × 0.625° longitude is compared with observational findings. The primary goal of this survey is to assess the model performance in reproducing various summertime phenomena ...
The Conversion of Total Column Ozone Data to Numerical Weather Prediction Model Initializing Fields, with Simulations of the 24-25 January 2000 East Coast Snowstorm
Jan 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT Satellites are uniquely capable of providing uniform data coverage globally. Motivated by such capability, this study builds on a previously described methodology that generates numerical weather prediction (NWP) model initial conditions (ICs) from satellite total column ozone ...
Evaluation of Cloud Physical Properties of ECMWF Analysis and Re-Analysis (ERA) against CERES Tropical Deep Convective Cloud Object Observations
Jan 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT This study presents an approach that converts the vertical profiles of grid-averaged cloud properties from large-scale models to probability density functions (pdfs) of subgrid-cell cloud physical properties measured at satellite footprints. Cloud physical and radiative ...
A Sequential Variational Algorithm for Data Assimilation in Oceanography and Meteorology
Jan 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT This study theoretically establishes a sequential variational (SVAR) method for the data assimilation in oceanography and meteorology defined on the model space. Requiring a significantly smaller amount of computer memory, theoretically SVAR gives the same optimal model state ...
Regional Ensemble Forecasts Using the Ensemble Transform Technique
Jan 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT A computationally inexpensive ensemble transform (ET) method for generating high-resolution initial perturbations for regional ensemble forecasts is introduced. The method provides initial perturbations that (i) have an initial variance consistent with the best available ...
Four-Dimensional Variational Data Assimilation for WRF: Formulation and Preliminary Results
Jan 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model-based variational data assimilation system (WRF-Var) has been extended from three- to four-dimensional variational data assimilation (WRF 4D-Var) to meet the increasing demand for improving initial model states in multiscale ...
MOS Uncertainty Estimates in an Ensemble Framework
Jan 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT It is being increasingly recognized that the uncertainty in weather forecasts should be quantified and furnished to users along with the single-value forecasts usually provided. Probabilistic forecasts of "events" have been made in special cases; for instance, probabilistic ...
Well-Posed Lateral Boundary Conditions for Spectral Semi-Implicit Semi-Lagrangian Schemes: Tests in a One-Dimensional Model
Jan 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of well-posed lateral boundary conditions in a Fourier spectral semi-implicit semi-Lagrangian one-dimensional model. Two aspects are analyzed: (i) the complication of designing well-posed boundary conditions for a spectral ...
A Generic Forecast Verification Framework for Administrative Purposes
Jan 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT There are numerous reasons for calculating forecast verification scores, and considerable attention has been given to designing and analyzing the properties of scores that can be used for scientific purposes. Much less attention has been given to scores that may be useful for ...
A Comparison of Roll and Nonroll Convection and the Subsequent Deepening Moist Convection: An LEM Case Study Based on SCMS Data
Jan 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT Rolls observed during the Small Cumulus Microphysical Study (SCMS) field campaign are simulated using a large eddy model (LEM). The simulated boundary layer properties were in a good agreement with sounding profiles and aircraft observations, and the observed boundary layer ...
Wintertime Supercell Thunderstorms in a Subtropical Environment: A Diagnostic Study
Jan 01, 2009; ... ABSTRACT The present study documents the environment, initiation, and evolution of three isolated supercell storms on 19 December 2002, as the first case near Taiwan reported in the literature, mainly using radar data and manual and gridded analyses. In a subtropical environment, the ...