Recently added articles from Plant Physiology:
On the Inside
Sep 01, 2008; Minorsky, Peter V ... Sex Differences in Plastid DNA Integration into the Nucleus The plastid (chloroplast) genome of higher plants has been reduced to approximately 130 genes, while its cyanobacterial ancestor is estimated to have contained more than 3,000 genes. Thus, many of the ancestral endosymbiont ...
Phosphate Accumulation in Plants: Signaling
Sep 01, 2008; Grennan, Aleel K ... The availability of mineral nutrients is vital for plant growth and survival, and, as such, plants have evolved elaborate mechanisms to maximize the sequestering and uptake of scarce minerals. This is especially true in the case of phosphorus (P), which, when limiting, induces changes in root ...
The Enigmatic LEA Proteins and Other Hydrophilins1[W]
Sep 01, 2008; Battaglia, Marina; Olvera-Carrillo, Yadira; Garciarrubio, Alejandro; Campos, Francisco; Covarrubias, Alejandra A ... Water limitation affects all types of organisms at some stage during their life cycle; therefore, many strategies have been selected through evolution to cope with water deficit, including changes in enzyme activities and in gene expression, among others. In plants, a group of very hydrophilic ...
Geminivirus-Mediated Gene Silencing from Cotton Leaf Crumple Virus Is Enhanced by Low Temperature in Cotton1[C][OA]
Sep 01, 2008; Tuttle, John R; Idris, A M; Brown, Judith K; Haigler, Candace H; Robertson, Dominique ... A silencing vector for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) was developed from the geminivirus Cotton leaf crumple virus (CLCrV). The CLCrV coat protein gene was replaced by up to 500 bp of DNA homologous to one of two endogenous genes, the magnesium chelatase subunit I gene (ChlI) or the phytoene ...
Revisiting the Involvement of SELF-PRUNING in the Sympodial Growth of Tomato1[W]
Sep 01, 2008; Thouet, Johanna; Quinet, Muriel; Ormenese, Sandra; Kinet, Jean-Marie; Périlleux, Claire ... During flowering, the CENTRORADIALIS (CEN) gene of Antirrhinum majus and its homolog TERMINAL FLOWER1 (TFL1) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) are required to maintain inflorescence identity of the shoot apical meristem (SAM) while flower meristems are produced on its flanks (Bradley et al., ...
Combination of Novel Green Fluorescent Protein Mutant TSapphire and DsRed Variant mOrange to Set Up a Versatile in Planta FRET-FLIM Assay1[W]
Sep 01, 2008; Bayle, Vincent; Nussaume, Laurent; Bhat, Riyaz A ... Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) measurements based on fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) are increasingly being used to assess molecular conformations and associations in living systems. Reduction in the excited-state lifetime of the donor fluorophore in the presence of an ...
Genome-Wide Analysis of Transposon Insertion Polymorphisms Reveals Intraspecific Variation in Cultivated Rice1[W][OA]
Sep 01, 2008; Huang, Xuehui; Lu, Guojun; Zhao, Qiang; Liu, Xiaohui; Han, Bin ... Insertions and precise eliminations of transposable elements generated numerous transposon insertion polymorphisms (TIPs) in rice (Oryza sativa).We observed that TIPs represent more than 50% of large insertions and deletions (.100 bp) in the rice genome. Using a comparative genomic approach, we ...
Two Arabidopsis ADP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase Large Subunits (APL1 and APL2) Are Catalytic1
Sep 01, 2008; Ventriglia, Tiziana; Kuhn, Misty L; Ruiz, Ma Teresa; Ribeiro-Pedro, Marina; Valverde, Federico; Ballicora, Miguel A; Preiss, Jack; Romero, José M ... ADP-glucose (Glc) pyrophosphorylase (ADP-Glc PPase) catalyzes the first committed step in starch biosynthesis. Higher plant ADP-Glc PPase is a heterotetramer (α^sub 2^β^sub 2^) consisting of two small and two large subunits. There is increasing evidence that suggests that catalytic and ...
Expression of Umbelopsis ramanniana DGAT2A in Seed Increases Oil in Soybean1[OA]
Sep 01, 2008; Lardizabal, Kathryn; Effertz, Roger; Levering, Charlene; Mai, Jennifer; Pedroso, M C; Jury, Tom; Aasen, Eric; Gruys, Ken; Bennett, Kristen ... Oilseeds are the main source of lipids used in both food and biofuels. The growing demand for vegetable oil has focused research toward increasing the amount of this valuable component in oilseed crops. Globally, soybean (Glycine max) is one of the most important oilseed crops grown, ...
Identification of the Wax Ester Synthase/Acyl-Coenzyme A:Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase WSD1 Required for Stem Wax Ester Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis1,2[W][OA]
Sep 01, 2008; Li, Fengling; Wu, Xuemin; Lam, Patricia; Bird, David; Zheng, Huanquan; Samuels, Lacey; Jetter, Reinhard; Kunst, Ljerka ... Wax esters are neutral lipids composed of aliphatic alcohols and acids, with both moieties usually long-chain (C16 and C18) or very-long-chain (C20 and longer) carbon structures. They have diverse biological functions in bacteria, insects, mammals, and terrestrial plants and are also important ...
Citrus Chlorophyllase Dynamics at Ethylene-Induced Fruit Color-Break: A Study of Chlorophyllase Expression, Posttranslational Processing Kinetics, and in Situ Intracellular Localization1[OA]
Sep 01, 2008; Shemer, Tamar Azoulay; Harpaz-Saad, Smadar; Belausov, Eduard; Lovat, Nicole; Krokhin, Oleg; Spicer, Victor; Standing, Kenneth G; Goldschmidt, Eliezer E; Eyal, Yoram ... Fruit color-break is the visual manifestation of the developmentally regulated transition of chloroplasts to chromoplasts during fruit ripening and often involves biosynthesis of copious amounts of carotenoids concomitant with massive breakdown of chlorophyll. Regulation of chlorophyll breakdown ...
Functional Analysis of Arabidopsis Postprenylation CaaX Processing Enzymes and Their Function in Subcellular Protein Targeting1[C][W][OA]
Sep 01, 2008; Bracha-Drori, Keren; Shichrur, Keren; Lubetzky, Tsofnat Cohen; Yalovsky, Shaul ... Prenylation is a posttranslational protein modification essential for developmental processes and response to abscisic acid. Following prenylation, the three C-terminal residues are proteoliticaly removed and in turn the free carboxyl group of the isoprenyl cysteine is methylated. The ...
Novel Rhamnogalacturonan I and Arabinoxylan Polysaccharides of Flax Seed Mucilage1[C][OA]
Sep 01, 2008; Naran, Radnaa; Chen, Guibing; Carpita, Nicholas C ... The viscous seed mucilage of flax (Linum usitatissimum) is a mixture of rhamnogalacturonan I and arabinoxylan with novel side group substitutions. The rhamnogalacturonan I has numerous single nonreducing terminal residues of the rare sugar L-galactose attached at the O-3 position of the ...
In-Depth Investigation of the Soybean Seed-Filling Proteome and Comparison with a Parallel Study of Rapeseed1[W][OA]
Sep 01, 2008; Agrawal, Ganesh Kumar; Hajduch, Martin; Graham, Katherine; Thelen, Jay J ... To better understand the metabolic processes of seed filling in soybean (Glycine max), two complementary proteomic approaches, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DGE) and semicontinuous multidimensional protein identification technology (Sec-MudPIT) coupled with liquid chromatography-mass ...
SUGAR-DEPENDENT6 Encodes a Mitochondrial Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide-Dependent Glycerol-3-P Dehydrogenase, Which Is Required for Glycerol Catabolism and Postgerminative Seedling Growth in Arabidopsis1[C]
Sep 01, 2008; Quettier, Anne-Laure; Shaw, Eve; Eastmond, Peter J ... The aim of this study was to clone and characterize the SUGAR-DEPENDENT6 (SDP6) gene, which is essential for postgerminative growth in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Mutant alleles of sdp6 were able to break down triacylglycerol following seed germination but failed to accumulate soluble ...
The Binding of Auxin to the Arabidopsis Auxin Influx Transporter AUX1(1)[OA]
Sep 01, 2008; Carrier, David J; Bakar, Norliza Tendot Abu; Swarup, Ranjan; Callaghan, Richard; Napier, Richard M; Bennett, Malcolm J; Kerr, Ian D ... The cellular import of the hormone auxin is a fundamental requirement for the generation of auxin gradients that control a multitude of plant developmental processes. The AUX/LAX family of auxin importers, exemplified by AUX1 from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), has been shown to mediate ...
Functional Characterization of an Unusual Phytochelatin Synthase, LjPCS3, of Lotus japonicus1[W][OA]
Sep 01, 2008; Ramos, Javier; Naya, Loreto; Gay, Marina; Abián, Joaquín; Becana, Manuel ... In plants and many other organisms, phytochelatin synthase (PCS) catalyzes the synthesis of phytochelatins from glutathione in the presence of certain metals and metalloids. We have used budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as a heterologous system to characterize two PCS proteins, LjPCS1 ...
The Coenzyme A Biosynthetic Enzyme Phosphopantetheine Adenylyltransferase Plays a Crucial Role in Plant Growth, Salt/Osmotic Stress Resistance, and Seed Lipid Storage1[W]
Sep 01, 2008; Rubio, Silvia; Whitehead, Lynne; Larson, Tony R; Graham, Ian A; Rodriguez, Pedro L ... Coenzyme A (CoA) is an essential cofactor in the metabolism of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms and a universal five-step pathway is utilized to synthesize CoA from pantothenate. Null mutations in two of the five steps of this pathway led to embryo lethality and therefore viable ...
Mobilization of Rubisco and Stroma-Localized Fluorescent Proteins of Chloroplasts to the Vacuole by an ATG Gene-Dependent Autophagic Process1[W][OA]
Sep 01, 2008; Ishida, Hiroyuki; Yoshimoto, Kohki; Izumi, Masanori; Reisen, Daniel; Yano, Yuichi; Makino, Amane; Ohsumi, Yoshinori; Hanson, Maureen R; Mae, Tadahiko ... During senescence and at times of stress, plants can mobilize needed nitrogen from chloroplasts in leaves to other organs. Much of the total leaf nitrogen is allocated to the most abundant plant protein, Rubisco. While bulk degradation of the cytosol and organelles in plants occurs by autophagy, ...
Cool C^sub 4^ Photosynthesis: Pyruvate P^sub i^ Dikinase Expression and Activity Corresponds to the Exceptional Cold Tolerance of Carbon Assimilation in Miscanthus × giganteus1,2[W][OA]
Sep 01, 2008; Wang, Dafu; Portis, Archie R Jr; Moose, Stephen P; Long, Stephen P ... The bioenergy feedstock grass Miscanthus × giganteus is exceptional among C^sub 4^ species for its high productivity in cold climates. It can maintain photosynthetically active leaves at temperatures 6°C below the minimum for maize (Zea mays), which allows it a longer growing season in cool ...