Recently added articles from Plant Physiology:
On the Inside
Nov 01, 2008; ... Malic Acid Recruits Beneficial Soil Bacteria Mutualistic associations between roots and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) help protect plants from soil-borne pathogens. Symbioses with PGPR can also trigger induced systemic resistance in the aerial portions of plants. Despite ...
A Transcriptomic Footprint of Reactive Oxygen Species
Nov 01, 2008; ... Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a paradox for plants. ROS can be deleterious to cellular functions yet also are important signaling molecules. They are an unavoidable consequence of life in an oxygen-rich environment, and plants have devised numerous ways to deal with them, including changes ...
Extremely High-Level and Rapid Transient Protein Production in Plants without the Use of Viral Replication1
Nov 01, 2008; ... Plant-based overexpression of heterologous proteins has attracted much interest and development in recent years. To date, the most efficient vectors have been based on RNA virus-derived replicons. A system based on a disabled version of cowpea mosaic virus RNA-2 has been developed, which ...
The F-Box Gene Family Is Expanded in Herbaceous Annual Plants Relative to Woody Perennial Plants1[W][OA]
Nov 01, 2008; ... F-box proteins are generally responsible for substrate recognition in the Skp1-Cullin-F-box complexes that are involved in protein degradation via the ubiquitin-26S proteasome pathway. In plants, F-box genes influence a variety of biological processes, such as leaf senescence, branching, ...
Peroxisomal Localization of Arabidopsis Isopentenyl Diphosphate Isomerases Suggests That Part of the Plant Isoprenoid Mevalonic Acid Pathway Is Compartmentalized to Peroxisomes1[W]
Nov 01, 2008; ... Isoprenoids, the largest family of natural products, play numerous vital roles in basic plant processes, including photosynthesis, growth and development, reproduction, plant defense, and adaptation to environmental conditions (Gershenzon and Kreis, 1999; Rodriguez-Concepcion and Boronat, 2002) ....
Transcriptome Analyses Show Changes in Gene Expression to Accompany Pollen Germination and Tube Growth in Arabidopsis1[W][OA]
Nov 01, 2008; ... Pollen germination, along with pollen tube growth, is an essential process for the reproduction of flowering plants. The germinating pollen with tip-growth characteristics provides an ideal model system for the study of cell growth and morphogenesis. As an essential step toward a detailed ...
Perturbed Lignification Impacts Tree Growth in Hybrid Poplar-A Function of Sink Strength, Vascular Integrity, and Photosynthetic Assimilation1
Nov 01, 2008; ... The effects of reductions in cell wall lignin content, manifested by RNA interference suppression of coumaroyl 3'-hydroxylase, on plant growth, water transport, gas exchange, and photosynthesis were evaluated in hybrid poplar trees (Populus alba × grandidentata). The growth characteristics of ...
Terpene Biosynthesis in Glandular Trichomes of Hop1,2[W][OA]
Nov 01, 2008; ... Hop (Humulus lupulus L. Cannabaceae) is an economically important crop for the brewing industry, where it is used to impart flavor and aroma to beer, and has also drawn attention in recent years due to its potential pharmaceutical applications. Essential oils (mono- and sesquiterpenes), bitter ...
Functional Analysis of the Cellulose Synthase-Like Genes CSLD1, CSLD2, and CSLD4 in Tip-Growing Arabidopsis Cells1[W]
Nov 01, 2008; ... A reverse genetic approach was used to investigate the functions of three members of the cellulose synthase superfamily in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), CELLULOSE SYNTHASE-LIKE D1 (CSLD1), CSLD2, and CSLD4. CSLD2 is required for normal root hair growth but has a different role from that ...
RNA Interference-Mediated Repression of MtCCD1 in Mycorrhizal Roots of Medicago truncatula Causes Accumulation of C^sub 27^ Apocarotenoids, Shedding Light on the Functional Role of CCD1(1)[W][OA]
Nov 01, 2008; ... Tailoring carotenoids by plant carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs) generates various bioactive apocarotenoids. Recombinant CCD1 has been shown to catalyze symmetrical cleavage of C40 carotenoid substrates at 9,10 and 9',10' positions. The actual substrate(s) of the enzyme in planta, however, ...
MAP20, a Microtubule-Associated Protein in the Secondary Cell Walls of Hybrid Aspen, Is a Target of the Cellulose Synthesis Inhibitor 2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile1[W][OA]
Nov 01, 2008; ... We have identified a gene, denoted PttMAP20, which is strongly up-regulated during secondary cell wall synthesis and tightly coregulated with the secondary wall-associated CESA genes in hybrid aspen (Populus tremula × tremuloides). Immunolocalization studies with affinity-purified antibodies ...
Catalytic Key Amino Acids and UDP-Sugar Donor Specificity of a Plant Glucuronosyltransferase, UGT94B1: Molecular Modeling Substantiated by Site-Specific Mutagenesis and Biochemical Analyses1[C][OA]
Nov 01, 2008; ... The plant UDP-dependent glucosyltransferase (UGT) BpUGT94B1 catalyzes the synthesis of a glucuronosylated cyanidinderived flavonoid in red daisy (Bellis perennis). The functional properties of BpUGT94B1 were investigated using protein modeling, site-directed mutagenesis, and analysis of the ...
Alterations in Cytosolic Glucose-Phosphate Metabolism Affect Structural Features and Biochemical Properties of Starch-Related Heteroglycans1[W]
Nov 01, 2008; ... The cytosolic pools of glucose-1-phosphate (Glc-1-P) and glucose-6-phosphate are essential intermediates in several biosynthetic paths, including the formation of sucrose and cell wall constituents, and they are also linked to the cytosolic starch-related heteroglycans. In this work, structural ...
Further Evidence for the Mandatory Nature of Polysaccharide Debranching for the Aggregation of Semicrystalline Starch and for Overlapping Functions of Debranching Enzymes in Arabidopsis Leaves1[W]
Nov 01, 2008; ... Four isoforms of debranching enzymes are found in the genome of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana): three isoamylases (ISA1, ISA2, and ISA3) and a pullulanase (PU1). Each isoform has a specific function in the starch pathway: synthesis and/or degradation. In this work we have determined the ...
A Stress-Inducible Resveratrol O-Methyltransferase Involved in the Biosynthesis of Pterostilbene in Grapevine1
Nov 01, 2008; ... Stilbenes are considered the most important phytoalexin group in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) and they are known to contribute to the protection against various pathogens. The main stilbenes in grapevine are resveratrol and its derivatives and, among these, pterostilbene has recently attracted ...
Decreased Expression of Cytosolic Pyruvate Kinase in Potato Tubers Leads to a Decline in Pyruvate Resulting in an in Vivo Repression of the Alternative Oxidase1[W][OA]
Nov 01, 2008; ... The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of decreased cytosolic pyruvate kinase (PKc) on potato (Solanum tuberosum) tuber metabolism. Transgenic potato plants with strongly reduced levels of PKc were generated by RNA interference gene silencing under the control of a tuber-specific ...
Complex I Dysfunction Redirects Cellular and Mitochondrial Metabolism in Arabidopsis1[W][OA]
Nov 01, 2008; ... Mitochondrial complex I is a major avenue for reduced NAD oxidation linked to oxidative phosphorylation in plants. However, the plant enzyme has structural and functional features that set it apart from its counterparts in other organisms, raising questions about the physiological significance ...
Impact of PsbTc on Forward and Back Electron Flow, Assembly, and Phosphorylation Patterns of Photosystem II in Tobacco1[W][OA]
Nov 01, 2008; ... Photosystem II (PSII) of oxygen-evolving cyanobacteria, algae, and land plants mediates electron transfer from the Mn4Ca cluster to the plastoquinone pool. It is a dimeric supramolecular complex comprising more than 30 subunits per monomer, of which 16 are bitopic or peripheral, ...
Characterization of Arabidopsis Lines Deficient in GAPC-1, a Cytosolic NAD-Dependent Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase1[C]
Nov 01, 2008; ... Phosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenase (GAPC-1) is a highly conserved cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of glyceraldehyde-3-P to 1,3-bis-phosphoglycerate; besides its participation in glycolysis, it is thought to be involved in additional cellular functions. To reach an ...
The Pollen Receptor Kinase LePRK2 Mediates Growth-Promoting Signals and Positively Regulates Pollen Germination and Tube Growth1[W][OA]
Nov 01, 2008; ... In flowering plants, the process of pollen germination and tube growth is required for successful fertilization. A pollen receptor kinase from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), LePRK2, has been implicated in signaling during pollen germination and tube growth as well as in mediating pollen ...