Plant Physiology back issues from October 2007:
A Novel Image-Analysis Technique for Kinematic Study of Growth and Curvature1[W][OA]
Oct 01, 2007; ... Kinematic analysis has provided important insights into the biology of growth by revealing the distribution of expansion within growing organs. Modern methods of kinematic analysis have made use of new image-tracking algorithms and computer-assisted evaluation, but these methods have yet to be ...
Pollen Lethality: A Phenomenon in Arabidopsis RNA Interference Plants[C]
Oct 01, 2007; ... To study gene function, generation of loss-of-function mutants by RNA interference (RNAi) approaches and T-DNA insertional mutagenesis are widely used in plant science and have proven to be very successful in determining gene functions. AGAMOUS-LIKE18 (AGL18) is a MADS-box gene that is expressed ...
A Predicted Interactome for Arabidopsis1[C][W][OA]
Oct 01, 2007; ... The complex cellular functions of an organism frequently rely on physical interactions between proteins. A map of all protein-protein interactions, an interactome, is thus an invaluable tool.We present an interactome for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana ) predicted from interacting orthologs in ...
Nonmotile Cellulose Synthase Subunits Repeatedly Accumulate within Localized Regions at the Plasma Membrane in Arabidopsis Hypocotyl Cells following 2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile Treatment1[W]
Oct 01, 2007; ... 2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile (DCB; Fig. 1A) was reported to inhibit cellulose synthesis more than 30 years ago (Hogetsu et al., 1974) and has subsequently been used in numerous studies (e.g. Montezinos and Delmer, 1980; Edelmann and Fry, 1992; Shedletzky et al., 1992; Suzuki et al., 1992; Vaughn et ...
Molecular Dissection of Endosomal Compartments in Plants1
Oct 01, 2007; ... The first indications for the existence of endocytosis in plants were already obtained two decades ago. For instance, electron-dense tracers were shown to incorporate into membrane-bound structures within the cell (Hillmer et al., 1986, 1988; Tanchak and Fowke, 1987; Galway et al., 1993). The ...
The Import of S-Adenosylmethionine into the Golgi Apparatus Is Required for the Methylation of Homogalacturonan1[W][OA]
Oct 01, 2007; ... S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) is the substrate used in the methylation of homogalacturonan (HGA) in the Golgi apparatus. SAM is synthesized in the cytosol, but it is not currently known how it is then transported into the Golgi. In this study,we find thatHGA methyltransferase is present in ...
Regulation of One-Carbon Metabolism in Arabidopsis: The N-Terminal Regulatory Domain of Cystathionine ¿-Synthase Is Cleaved in Response to Folate Starvation1[W]
Oct 01, 2007; ... In all organisms, control of folate homeostasis is of vital importance to sustain the demand for one-carbon (C1) units that are essential in major metabolic pathways. In this study we induced folate deficiency in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) cells by using two antifolate inhibitors. This ...
Optimizing the Distribution of Resources between Enzymes of Carbon Metabolism Can Dramatically Increase Photosynthetic Rate: A Numerical Simulation Using an Evolutionary Algorithm1[W][OA]
Oct 01, 2007; ... The distribution of resources between enzymes of photosynthetic carbon metabolism might be assumed to have been optimized by natural selection. However, natural selection for survival and fecundity does not necessarily select for maximal photosynthetic productivity. Further, the concentration of ...
In Vivo Hexamerization and Characterization of the Arabidopsis AAA ATPase CDC48A Complex Using Förster Resonance Energy Transfer-Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy and Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy1[W][OA]
Oct 01, 2007; ... The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) AAA ATPase CDC48A was fused to cerulean fluorescent protein and yellow fluorescent protein. AAA ATPases like CDC48 are only active in hexameric form. Förster resonance energy transfer-based fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy using CDC48A-cerulean ...
Golgi Regeneration after Brefeldin A Treatment in BY-2 Cells Entails Stack Enlargement and Cisternal Growth followed by Division1[W][OA]
Oct 01, 2007; ... Brefeldin A (BFA) treatment stops secretion and leads to the resorption of much of the Golgi apparatus into the endoplasmic reticulum. This effect is reversible upon washing out the drug, providing a situation for studying Golgi biogenesis. In this investigation Golgi regeneration in ...
Posttranscriptional Regulation of High-Affinity Sulfate Transporters in Arabidopsis by Sulfur Nutrition1[OA]
Oct 01, 2007; ... High-affinity sulfate transporters SULTR1;1 and SULTR1;2 are expressed at epidermis and cortex of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) roots during sulfur limitation. Here, we report that SULTR1;1 and SULTR1;2 are two essential components of the sulfate uptake system in roots and are regulated at ...
Heat Suppresses Activation of an Auxin-Responsive Promoter in Cultured Guard Cell Protoplasts of Tree Tobacco1[OA]
Oct 01, 2007; ... Cultured guard cell protoplasts (GCP) of tree tobacco (Nicotiana glauca) comprise a novel system for investigating the cell signaling mechanisms that lead to acquired thermotolerance and thermoinhibition. At 32%C in a medium containing an auxin (1-naphthaleneacetic acid [NAA]) and a cytokinin ...
Diversity of Acetyl-Coenzyme A Carboxylase Mutations in Resistant Lolium Populations: Evaluation Using Clethodim1[OA]
Oct 01, 2007; ... The acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting cyclohexanedione herbicide clethodim is used to control grass weeds infesting dicot crops. In Australia clethodim is widely used to control the weed Lolium rigidum. However, clethodim-resistant Lolium populations have appeared over the last = ...
Ancestral Chromosomal Blocks Are Triplicated in Brassiceae Species with Varying Chromosome Number and Genome Size1
Oct 01, 2007; ... The paleopolyploid character of genomes of the economically important genus Brassica and closely related species (tribe Brassiceae) is still fairly controversial.Here, we report on the comparative painting analysis of block F of the cruciferAncestral Karyotype (AK; n = 8), consisting of 24 ...
Nonadditive Expression and Parent-of-Origin Effects Identified by Microarray and Allele-Specific Expression Profiling of Maize Endosperm1[W][OA]
Oct 01, 2007; ... Plant endosperm cells have a nuclear ratio of two maternal genomes to one paternal genome. This 2 to 1 dosage relationship provides a unique system for studying the additivity of gene expression levels in reciprocal hybrids. A combination of microarray profiling and allele-specific expression ...
Medicago truncatula as a Model for Nonhost Resistance in Legume-Parasitic Plant Interactions1[C]
Oct 01, 2007; ... Crenate broomrape (Orobanche crenata) is a root parasitic weed that represents a major constraint for grain legume production in Mediterranean and West Asian countries. Medicago truncatula has emerged as an important model plant species for structural and functional genomics. The close ...
Dual Regulation Role of GH3.5 in Salicylic Acid and Auxin Signaling during Arabidopsis-Pseudomonas syringae Interaction1[W][OA]
Oct 01, 2007; ... Salicylic acid (SA) plays a central role in plant disease resistance, and emerging evidence indicates that auxin, an essential plant hormone in regulating plant growth and development, is involved in plant disease susceptibility. GH3.5, a member of the GH3 family of early auxin-responsive genes ...
Ethylene Is One of the Key Elements for Cell Death and Defense Response Control in the Arabidopsis Lesion Mimic Mutant vad1(1)[W]
Oct 01, 2007; ... Although ethylene is involved in the complex cross talk of signaling pathways regulating plant defense responses to microbial attack, its functions remain to be elucidated. The lesion mimic mutant vad1-1 (for vascular associated death), which exhibits the light-conditional appearance of ...
Flavonoids Are Differentially Taken Up and Transported Long Distances in Arabidopsis1[W][OA]
Oct 01, 2007; ... Flavonoids are synthesized in response to developmental and environmental signals and perform many functions in plants. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) roots grown in complete darkness do not accumulate flavonoids since the expression of genes encoding enzymes of flavonoid biosynthesis is ...
Low-Affinity Na^sup +^ Uptake in the Halophyte Suaeda maritima1[C][W][OA]
Oct 01, 2007; ... Na^sup +^ uptake by plant roots has largely been explored using species that accumulate little Na^sup +^ into their shoots. By way of contrast, Nathe halophyte Suaeda maritima accumulates, without injury, concentrations of the order of 400 mM NaCl in its leaves. Here we report that cAMP and ...
Reduced Carbon Availability to Bacteroids and Elevated Ureides in Nodules, But Not in Shoots, Are Involved in the Nitrogen Fixation Response to Early Drought in Soybean1[OA]
Oct 01, 2007; ... Nitrogen fixation (NF) in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) is highly sensitive to soil drying. This sensitivity has been related to an accumulation of nitrogen compounds, either in shoots or in nodules, and a nodular carbon flux shortage under drought. To assess the relative importance of carbon ...
AtHIPM, an Ortholog of the Apple HrpN-Interacting Protein, Is a Negative Regulator of Plant Growth and Mediates the Growth-Enhancing Effect of HrpN in Arabidopsis1[C][OA]
Oct 01, 2007; ... HrpN (harpin) protein is critical to the virulence of the fire blight pathogen Erwinia amylovora in host plants like apple (Malus x domestica). Moreover, exogenous treatment of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), a nonhost plant, with partially purified HrpN enhances growth. To address the bases ...
Expression of Aberrant Forms of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR8 Stimulates Parthenocarpy in Arabidopsis and Tomato1[W][OA]
Oct 01, 2007; ... Fruit initiation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) is generally repressed until fertilization occurs. However, mutations in AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR8 (ARF8) uncouple fruit initiation from fertilization, resulting in the formation of seedless, parthenocarpic fruit. Here we induced parthenocarpy ...
Transcriptional Profiling of high pigment-2^sup dg^ Tomato Mutant Links Early Fruit Plastid Biogenesis with Its Overproduction of Phytonutrients1[W]
Oct 01, 2007; ... Phenotypes of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) high pigment- 2^sup dg^ (hp- 2^sup dg^) and hp- 2^sup j^ mutants are caused by lesions in the gene encoding DEETIOLATED1, a negative regulator of light signaling. Homozygous hp- 2^sup dg^ and hp- 2^sup j^ plants display a plethora of distinctive ...