Russia & CIS Business and Financial Newswire back issues from February 2009:
Rusal is not interested in metals merger - Deripaska.
Feb 01, 2009 ... Rusal is not interested in metals merger - Deripaska DAVOS. Feb 1 (Interfax) - Russia's aluminum giant Rusal is not interested in the merger of Russian mining and metal companies in a consolidated corporation, Rusal general director and its main shareholder Oleg Deripaska said. ...
Rusal does not expect high prices for aluminum in coming years, plans to cut outlays.
Feb 01, 2009 ... Rusal does not expect high prices for aluminum in coming years, plans to cut outlays DAVOS. Feb 1 (Interfax) - A string of dramatic years is in store for the global aluminum industry, said Oleg Deripaska, the head and main owner of Rusal, the world's second largest aluminum and ...
Rusal in talks with creditors on debt restructuring.
Feb 01, 2009 ... Rusal in talks with creditors on debt restructuring DAVOS. Feb 1 (Interfax) - United Company Rusal, the world's second largest aluminum company, is in talks with creditor banks to restructure its debt. "We are in talks with foreign and Russian banks, VEB among them, ...
Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (classic) at 11:00 MSK.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (classic) at 11:00 MSK 02.02.2009 Company Min Max Average Account price,$ price,$ price,$ Sistema Joint Stock - - - - Aeroflot - - - - Akron 10.25 10.25 10.25 1 Pharmacy Chain 36.6 - - - - ARMADA - - - - Belon - ...
Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (classic) at 15:00 MSK.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (classic) at 15:00 MSK 02.02.2009 Company Min Max Average Account price,$ price,$ price,$ Sistema Joint Stock - - - - Aeroflot - - - - Akron 10.25 10.25 10.25 1 Pharmacy Chain 36.6 - - - - ARMADA - - - - Belon - ...
Official exchange rates for CIS and Baltic nations as of 02.02.2009.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Official exchange rates for CIS and Baltic nations as of 02.02.2009 Coutry Currency For $1 For 1 For 1 ruble EUR Azerbaijan manat 0.8073 0.0225 1.0274 Armenia dram 305.28 8.46 388.65 Georgia lari 1.667 0.047071 2.1504 Belarus bel.ruble 2752 77.71 3547.88 Kazakhstan ...
Vozrozhdenie Bank's assets up 27% in 2008.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Vozrozhdenie Bank's assets up 27% in 2008 MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Vozrozhdenie (RTS: VZRZ) Bank's assets according to Russian accounting standards (RAS), and excluding loan impairment provisions, increased by 27% to 145.9 billion rubles in 2008, the bank said in a press ...
RTS Index at 12:00 MSK.
Feb 02, 2009 ... RTS Index at 12:00 MSK 02.02.2009 RTS RTS V classic, V T+0, V aggr, Time Index,$ Index,rub mln $ mln rub mln rub 12:05:00 513.64 4090.48 1.204 1.677 44.32 12:00:00 514.51 4097.41 - - - 11:30:00 ...
Rosneft, Transneft continue talks with China on loans for oil - Shmatko.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Rosneft, Transneft continue talks with China on loans for oil - Shmatko MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Russian oil pipeline operator Transneft (RTS: TRNF) and oil major Rosneft (RTS: ROSN) are continuing negotiations with China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) on loans in ...
RTS Index at 14:00 MSK.
Feb 02, 2009 ... RTS Index at 14:00 MSK 02.02.2009 RTS RTS V classic, V T+0, V aggr, Time Index,$ Index,rub mln $ mln rub mln rub 14:04:45 506.04 4029.95 6.475 3.485 232.80 14:00:00 506.06 4030.11 - - - 13:30:00 508.05 4045.96 - - - 13:00:00 508.17 4046.92 - - - 12:30:00 ...
MinFin supports Rosgosstrakh's request to Sberbank for 5 bln rubles - Kommersant.
Feb 02, 2009 ... MinFin supports Rosgosstrakh's request to Sberbank for 5 bln rubles - Kommersant MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Russia's Finance Ministry has supported Rosgosstrakh's (RTS: RGSC) request to Sberbank (RTS: SBER) for a 5 billion ruble loan, the Russian daily Kommersant reported. ...
FAS approves two offshores in PPF purchase of 99.9% in Eldorado.
Feb 02, 2009 ... FAS approves two offshores in PPF purchase of 99.9% in Eldorado MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Russia's Federal Antimonopoly Service (FAS) has approved the purchase of a 99.9% stake in OOO Eldorado by two Cyprus-registered offshore companies prior to the sale of the chain to the ...
Dollar extends gains against ruble; rises above 36 rubles.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Dollar extends gains against ruble; rises above 36 rubles MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - The dollar continued to climb against the ruble for a fourth day on Monday, breaking through the 36-ruble mark. The exchange rate has increased by more than 3 rubles since the close on Tuesday. ...
Rusal does not expect high prices for aluminum in coming years, plans to cut outlays.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Rusal does not expect high prices for aluminum in coming years, plans to cut outlays (repeat) DAVOS. Feb 1 (Interfax) - A string of dramatic years is in store for the global aluminum industry, said Oleg Deripaska, the head and main owner of Rusal, the world's second ...
Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (classic) at 12:00 MSK.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (classic) at 12:00 MSK 02.02.2009 Company Best Best Last, Cur.vol., Cur.vol., bid,$ ask,$ $ $ shares Sistema Joint Stock 0.135 0.17 - - - Aeroflot 0.6 0.67 - - - Akron 10.2 10.5 10.25 69885 6818 Pharmacy Chain ...
Rusal is not interested in metals merger - Deripaska.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Rusal is not interested in metals merger - Deripaska (repeat) DAVOS. Feb 1 (Interfax) - Russia's aluminum giant Rusal is not interested in the merger of Russian mining and metal companies in a consolidated corporation, Rusal general director and its main shareholder ...
Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (classic) at 12:00 MSK.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (classic) at 12:00 MSK 02.02.2009 Company Min Max Average Account price,$ price,$ price,$ Sistema Joint Stock - - - - Aeroflot - - - - Akron 10.25 10.25 10.25 1 Pharmacy Chain 36.6 - - - - ARMADA - - - - Belon - ...
CB could preserve upper currency basket threshold in Q1-2 - analysts.
Feb 02, 2009 ... CB could preserve upper currency basket threshold in Q1-2 - analysts MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - The Central Bank of Russia will be able to keep the upper threshold of 41 rubles for its bi-currency basket in the first and second quarters of 2009 if oil prices stay at their ...
Vitol makes official offer to acquire Arawak Energy.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Vitol makes official offer to acquire Arawak Energy MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Rosco S.A., the subsidiary of major oil- trader Vitol, has made an offer to purchase all issued shares in Arawak Energy, the latter company said in a statement. The offer comes to 1 ...
Yesterday in Brief for February 2, 2009.(Company overview)
Feb 02, 2009 ... Yesterday in Brief for February 2, 2009 Digest of headline news from January 30 - February 1 to 11:25 a.m. on February 2: BUSINESS & FINANCE *** DOLLAR RISES ABOVE 36 RUBLES AT OPEN OF TRADING ON MON The dollar rose above the 36 ruble mark in the first few minutes of ...
Regulator warns Russian oil companies against price rises.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Regulator warns Russian oil companies against price rises MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Russia's Federal Antimonopoly Service (FAS) has warned oil companies against raising domestic prices on oil products amid the increasing decline in fuel prices on the international market and ...
Energy Ministry wants to revise investment guarantee mechanism.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Energy Ministry wants to revise investment guarantee mechanism MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - The Russian Energy Ministry does not plan to cancel investment guarantees for construction of new electricity capacity, but may adjust the mechanism for providing the guarantees, Energy ...
Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (classic) at 14:00 MSK.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (classic) at 14:00 MSK 02.02.2009 Company Best Best Last, Cur.vol., Cur.vol., bid,$ ask,$ $ $ shares Sistema Joint Stock 0.135 0.17 - - - Aeroflot 0.6 0.67 - - - Akron 10.1 10.3 10.25 69885 6818 Pharmacy Chain ...
Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (classic) at 16:00 MSK.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (classic) at 16:00 MSK 02.02.2009 Company Min Max Average Account price,$ price,$ price,$ Sistema Joint Stock - - - - Aeroflot - - - - Akron 10.25 10.25 10.25 1 Pharmacy Chain 36.6 - - - - ARMADA - - - - Belon - ...
Tatneft 2008 reserve increase at 119% of production.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Tatneft 2008 reserve increase at 119% of production KAZAN. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Tatneft (RTS: TATN) added 31 million tonnes to C1+C2 oil reserves in 2008, the oil company's in-house newspaper reported, citing Deputy General Director and Chief Geologist Rais Khisamov. ...
Rusal in talks with creditors on debt restructuring.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Rusal in talks with creditors on debt restructuring (repeat) DAVOS. Feb 1 (Interfax) - United Company Rusal, the world's second largest aluminum company, is in talks with creditor banks to restructure its debt. "We are in talks with foreign and Russian ...
Kazakhstan had 0.3% inflation in January.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Kazakhstan had 0.3% inflation in January ALMATY. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Kazakhstan had 0.3% inflation in January, the State Statistics Agency said. Year-on-year inflation (January 2008 against January 2007) was 8.7%. Food prices rose 0.2% and service charges ...
State may receive more seats on Norilsk Nickel board.
Feb 02, 2009 ... State may receive more seats on Norilsk Nickel board MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - The list of candidates for seats on the MMC Norilsk Nickel (RTS: GMKN) board of directors includes five state representatives, a source close to Norilsk shareholders told Interfax. The new ...
Russian Central Bank raising Lombard, direct repo rates.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Russian Central Bank raising Lombard, direct repo rates MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - The board of directors of the Central Bank decided Friday to raise interest rates on February 2 for some lending operations and direct repurchase, or repo operations conducted by the Bank. ...
Russian manufacturing activity slightly up in Jan - VTB.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Russian manufacturing activity slightly up in Jan - VTB MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - The Russian manufacturing sector in January posted slightly increased activity, VTB Capital said in its PMI report. The report said: "January PMI data from VTB Capital suggested that ...
Russian GDP grows 5.6% in 2008 - Econ Ministry.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Russian GDP grows 5.6% in 2008 - Econ Ministry MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Russian GDP grew 5.6% in 2008 compared with ...
Ukrainian steel production plummets 35%-42% in Jan.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Ukrainian steel production plummets 35%-42% in Jan KYIV. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Ukraine's steel industry reduced finished roll output 35% year-on-year in January to 2 million tonnes, the Industrial Policy Ministry told Interfax. Crude steel production plummeted 42% to ...
Firtash reiterates claim to 11 bcm of gas now in Ukrainian storage.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Firtash reiterates claim to 11 bcm of gas now in Ukrainian storage KYIV. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Ukrainian billionaire Dmitro Firtash, a co-owner of RosUkrEnergo, has reiterated his claim that the gas trading company owns 11 billion cubic meters of gas now in Ukrainian underground ...
Russian political and economic calendar: February 2.(Calendar)
Feb 02, 2009 ... Russian political and economic calendar: February 2 MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - The political and economic calendar in Moscow, Russia and Newly Independent States for Feb 2 is as follows: -The National Bank of Azerbaijan (NBA) will lower ...
RTS Index at 16:00 MSK.
Feb 02, 2009 ... RTS Index at 16:00 MSK 02.02.2009 RTS RTS V classic, V T+0, V aggr, Time Index,$ Index,rub mln $ mln rub mln rub 16:04:45 505.64 4026.77 8.971 4.938 322.64 16:00:00 505.64 4026.77 - - - 15:30:00 506.72 4035.37 - - - 15:00:00 507.26 4039.67 - - - 14:30:00 506.32 ...
Usmanov eyes leading role in potential merger with Norilsk Nickel - newspaper.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Usmanov eyes leading role in potential merger with Norilsk Nickel - newspaper MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - In the event of a merger with MMC Norilsk Nickel (RTS: GMKN), the shareholders of iron ore miner Metalloinvest, led by Alisher Usmanov, hope to get a 27.8% stake in the ...
Daily Headline News for February 2, 2009.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Daily Headline News for February 2, 2009 Digest of headline news as of 4:00 p.m. Moscow time on February 2: BUSINESS & FINANCE *** NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED GREW TO 1.6 MLN IN A WEEK - MINISTRY Russians tend to turn to employment services more frequently, and the number ...
Georgian bank assets grow 23% in 2008.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Georgian bank assets grow 23% in 2008 TBILISI. Feb 2 (Interfax) - The combined assets of commercial banks in Georgia grew 23% in 2008, to 8.866 billion lari, an official at the National Bank told Interfax. The combined loan portfolio of Georgian commercial banks ...
Russia reduces oil production 0.9% in January; gas down 11.4% (Part 2).
Feb 02, 2009 ... Russia reduces oil production 0.9% in January; gas down 11.4% (Part 2) MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Russia produced 41.008 million tonnes of oil and gas condensate in January 2009, 0.9% less than in the same month last year, the Fuel and Energy Central Dispatch Center (CDU TEK) ...
Acron Holding lowers ammonia nitrate output by 18% in 2008, compound fertilizers - by 25%.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Acron Holding lowers ammonia nitrate output by 18% in 2008, compound fertilizers - by 25% MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Acron (RTS: AKRN) Holding lowered ammonia production by 12% in 2008 to 1.494 million tonnes, the company said in a statement. Production of nitrogen ...
Average price of Urals oil was $42.8 per barrel in Jan vs. $89.5 a year ago.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Average price of Urals oil was $42.8 per barrel in Jan vs. $89.5 a year ago MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - The average price of Russia's Urals blend was $42.8 per barrel in January 2009 compared to $89.45 in January 2008, Alexander Sakovich, deputy head of customs payments at the ...
Putin hopes for broader cooperation with Cuba.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Putin hopes for broader cooperation with Cuba MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin said he hoped all agreements reached during Cuban leader Raul Castro's visit to Moscow would be implemented. "I do hope the agreements reached during your ...
Dollar rises above 36 rubles at open of trading on Mon.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Dollar rises above 36 rubles at open of trading on Mon MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - The dollar rose above the 36 ruble mark in the first few minutes of trading on Monday, with "tomorrow" contracts touching 36.1 rubles, roughly 25 kopecks above the close on Friday and 60 ...
Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (prefunded) at 11:00 MSK.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (prefunded) at 11:00 MSK 02.02.2009 Company Best Best Last, Cur.vol., Cur.vol., bid,rub ask,rub rub rub shares Sistema Joint Stock 4.6 5.1 - - - Aeroflot - 24 - - - Akron - 390 - - - Pharmacy Chain 36.6 - - - - - ...
Russian political and economic calendar: February 3-6.(Calendar)
Feb 02, 2009 ... Russian political and economic calendar: February 3-6 Date Event Time Venue Additional information 03.02.2009 Board meeting - Polyus Gold. 04.02.2009 The leaders of Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan will attend ...
Russian stocks open slightly lower on Mon; MICEX index down 0.4% in first min.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Russian stocks open slightly lower on Mon; MICEX index down 0.4% in first min MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - The Russian stock market opened slightly lower on Monday on declining oil prices and stock indexes abroad. As of 10:31 a.m. the MICEX index was down 0.4% to 622.38 ...
Oil export duty at $100.9 per tonne from Feb 1.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Oil export duty at $100.9 per tonne from Feb 1 MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Russia's export duty on crude oil is $100.9 per tonne effective February 1, under the government resolution signed by Prime Minister Vladimir Putin on January 29, 2009. The export duty is $80.3 ...
S7 to offer reorganization on current bond issue.
Feb 02, 2009 ... S7 to offer reorganization on current bond issue MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - OJSC Sibir Airlines (operating under the S7 trademark) is initiating negotiations for the reorganization of its bonds issue, the carrier said in a statement. S7 plans to offer investors a plan ...
CB to quote ruble at 36.1767 rubles/$1 and 46.0457 rubles/EUR1 on February 3.
Feb 02, 2009 ... CB to quote ruble at 36.1767 rubles/$1 and 46.0457 rubles/EUR1 on February 3 MOSCOW. February 2. (Interfax) - The Central Bank of Russia will quote the U.S. dollar at 36.1767 rubles/$1 on February 3, 2.15% ...
Quotations for Russian Minfin bonds.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Quotations for Russian Minfin bonds 02.02.2009 Dealer 7 tranche ING Bank ...
Oil supplies to Russian refineries down 1.3% in Jan.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Oil supplies to Russian refineries down 1.3% in Jan MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Oil supplies to refineries in Russia declined 1.3% to 19.085 million tonnes in January 2009 compared with the same month in 2008, the Fuel and Energy Central Dispatch Department said. ...
Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (prefunded) at 11:00 MSK.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (prefunded) at 11:00 MSK 02.02.2009 Company Min Max Average Account price,rub price,rub price,rub Sistema Joint Stock - - - - Aeroflot - - - - Akron - - - - Pharmacy Chain 36.6 - - - - ARMADA - - - - Belon - - - ...
Chernomyrdin perplexed with Ukrainian eager support for Nabucco.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Chernomyrdin perplexed with Ukrainian eager support for Nabucco MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Ukraine will not benefit from the Nabucco project, Russian Ambassador to Ukraine Viktor Chernomyrdin told a Monday press conference in Moscow. "Nabucco will bypass Ukraine," he ...
Kazakhstan's state debt soars 45% in 2008.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Kazakhstan's state debt soars 45% in 2008 ASTANA. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Kazakhstan's state debt increased 44.9% or 412 billion tenge in 2008 to 1.33 trillion tenge, Bolat Zhamishev, the finance minister, said at Monday's Cabinet meeting. The government debt as of January ...
Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (classic) at 11:00 MSK.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (classic) at 11:00 MSK 02.02.2009 Company Best Best Last, Cur.vol., Cur.vol., bid,$ ask,$ $ $ shares Sistema Joint Stock 0.135 0.17 - - - Aeroflot 0.6 0.67 - - - Akron 10 10.3 10.25 69885 6818 Pharmacy Chain 36.6 ...
Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (prefunded) at 16:00 MSK.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (prefunded) at 16:00 MSK 02.02.2009 Company Best Best Last, Cur.vol., Cur.vol., bid,rub ask,rub rub rub shares Sistema Joint Stock 4.61 5.1 5.1 78030 15300 Aeroflot - 24 - - - Akron - 390 - - - Pharmacy Chain ...
Number of unemployed grew to 1.6 Mln in a week - ministry.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Number of unemployed grew to 1.6 Mln in a week - ministry MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Russians tend to turn to employment services more frequently, and the number of registered unemployed people grew 6% in a week from January 21 to January 28 amounting to 1.6 million people. ...
Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (prefunded) at 14:00 MSK.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (prefunded) at 14:00 MSK 02.02.2009 Company Best Best Last, Cur.vol., Cur.vol., bid,rub ask,rub rub rub shares Sistema Joint Stock 4.61 5.1 - - - Aeroflot - 24 - - - Akron - 390 - - - Pharmacy Chain 36.6 - - - - ...
Avtovaz to restart assembly line on Mon.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Avtovaz to restart assembly line on Mon MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Russian car maker Avtovaz (RTS: AVAZ) will restart its assembly line on Monday following the holiday shutdown that began on December 29. At that time Avtovaz management decided to shut down the ...
Results of forex trading on MICEX on 02.02.2009.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Results of forex trading on MICEX on 02.02.2009 Instrument Min. Max. Closing Average Volume, Quantity price price price price $ USDRUB_TOM 35.865 36.35 36.225 36.1196 4354799000 2102 USDRUB_TOD 35.8512 ...
6.6 MILLION TONNES OF GRAIN WORTH OVER 31 BILLION RUBLES PURCHASED AS PART OF PURCHASING INTERVENTION - GORDEYEV.
Feb 02, 2009 ... 6.6 MILLION TONNES OF GRAIN WORTH OVER 31 BILLION RUBLES PURCHASED ...
Russian GDP grows 5.6% in 2008 - Econ Ministry (Part 2).
Feb 02, 2009 ... Russian GDP grows 5.6% in 2008 - Econ Ministry (Part 2) MOSCOW. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Russian GDP grew 5.6% in 2008 compared with 2007, the Economic Development Ministry reported on Monday. Economic Development Minister Elvira Nabiullina said last week that GDP grew ...
RTS Index at 15:00 MSK.
Feb 02, 2009 ... RTS Index at 15:00 MSK 02.02.2009 RTS RTS V classic, V T+0, V aggr, Time Index,$ Index,rub mln $ mln rub mln rub 15:05:30 507.12 4038.55 8.395 3.840 301.15 15:00:00 507.26 4039.67 - - - 14:30:00 506.32 4032.18 - - - 14:00:00 506.06 4030.11 - - - 13:30:00 508.05 ...
Armenia posts budget deficit in 2008.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Armenia posts budget deficit in 2008 YEREVAN. Feb 2 (Interfax) - Armenia posted a budget deficit of 1.5 billion dram, or 0.04% of GDP, in 2008, the National Statistics Service said in a press release. Revenue totalled 759.1 billion dram, or 20.8% of GDP. Tax revenue ...
Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (classic) at 14:00 MSK.
Feb 02, 2009 ... Results for trading of listed shares in RTS (classic) at 14:00 MSK 02.02.2009 Company Min Max Average Account price,$ price,$ price,$ Sistema Joint Stock - - - - Aeroflot - - - - Akron 10.25 10.25 10.25 1 Pharmacy Chain 36.6 - - - - ARMADA - - - - Belon - ...