Science Letter back issues from November 2008:
Research from Ohio State University, Department of Agriculture has provided new data on applied genetics.(Report)
Nov 04, 2008 ... "The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) is a pest of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in many soybean growing countries of the world, mainly in Asia and North America. A single dominant gene in PI 243540 confers resistance to the soybean aphid," scientists writing in the journal ...
Research from R. Kofler and co-researchers in the area of applied genetics described.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to a study from Tulln, Austria, "We developed 74 microsatellite marker primer pairs yielding 76 polymorphic loci, specific for the short arm of rye chromosome 1R (1RS) in wheat background. Four libraries enriched for microsatellite motifs AG, AAG, AC and AAC were constructed from ...
Research from University of Shiga Prefecture provides new data about applied genetics.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "Root elongation induced by phosphorus deficiency has been reported as one of the adaptive mechanisms in plants. Genetic differences were found in rice for the root elongation under phosphorus deficiency (REP), for which a distinct quantitative trait locus (QTL) was detected on the long ...
Research in the area of applied genetics reported from X. Xu and colleagues.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "Field resistances (FR) against rice blast are highly evaluated by breeders for their durability, in contrast to the conspicuous but often less durable true resistances. However, lack of efficient systems for evaluation of resistance has delayed their practical application," scientists ...
Scientists at University of Hohenheim publish research in applied genetics.(Report)
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to recent research published in the journal Theoretical and Applied Genetics, "Association mapping promises to overcome the limitations of linkage mapping methods. The main objective of this study was to examine the applicability of multivariate association mapping with an ...
Studies from K. Lu and colleagues reveal new findings on applied genetics.(Report)
Nov 04, 2008 ... "Purple acid phosphatase (PAP) is important for phosphorus assimilation and in planta redistribution. In this study, seven Brassica napus PAP12 (BnPAP12) genes orthologous to Arabidopsis thaliana PAP12 (AtPAP12) are isolated and characterized," investigators in Chongqing, People's Republic ...
Study data from M.C.A.M. Bink and colleagues update understanding of applied genetics.(Report)
Nov 04, 2008 ... "Several estimators have been proposed that use molecular marker data to infer the degree of relatedness for pairs of individuals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of seven estimators when applied to marker data of a set of 33 key individuals from a large complex ...
Study data from University of Wisconsin provide new insights into applied genetics.(Report)
Nov 04, 2008 ... "The traditional development of simple sequence repeat (SSR) or microsatellite markers by probe hybridization can be time-consuming and requires the use of specialized laboratory equipment. In this study, probe hybridization was circumvented by using sequence information on 3,500 genomic ...
Data on applied microbiology published by researchers at University of Helsinki.
Nov 04, 2008 ... In this recent study, researchers in Helsinki, Finland conducted a study "To determine the effects of supplemented copper (Cu2+) on growth and viability of strains used as starters and adjunct cultures for Emmental cheese manufacture. Thirteen strains belonging to Lactobacillus ...
Investigators at University of Stellenbosch zero in on applied microbiology.(Report)
Nov 04, 2008 ... "The detection of viable Enterobacter sakazakii cells is important due to the association of this pathogen with outbreaks of life-threatening neonatal infections. The aim of this study was to optimize a PCR-based method for selective detection of only viable Ent. sakazakii cells in the ...
New findings in applied microbiology described by X.B. Xu and co-researchers.
Nov 04, 2008 ... In this recent report, researchers in Beijing, People's Republic of China conducted a study "To investigate the effect of antagonistic yeast Pichia membranaefaciens on alleviating oxidative stress caused by Penicillium expansum in sweet cherry fruit. At two maturity stages of sweet cherry ...
New findings in applied microbiology described from University of Manchester.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to recent research from Manchester, the United Kingdom, "The overall kinetics of the fermentation of four oat fractions obtained by debranning using three potentially probiotic lactic acid bacteria were investigated. The main objective was to study the suitability of these ...
New findings reported from S.P. Luby and co-authors describe advances in applied microbiology.
Nov 04, 2008 ... In this recently published study, investigators in Dhaka, Bangladesh conducted a study "To measure enteric bacterial contamination of tubewells in three flood prone areas in Bangladesh and the relationship of bacteriological contamination with tubewell sanitary inspection scores ....
Reports from Huazhong Normal University describe recent advances in applied microbiology.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to recent research from Wuhan, People's Republic of China, "Spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV) is the causative agent of SVC disease. The main aim of our study was to develop a one-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for rapid, ...
Reports outline applied microbiology study findings from E.M. Fox and colleagues.(Report)
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to a study from Fermoy, Ireland, "The current international standard method for detection of Enterobacter sakazakii from milk products is by the International Organization for Standardization and the International Dairy Federation documented method, a procedure involving two-step ...
Research from Logan College of Chiropractic reveals new findings on applied microbiology.(Report)
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to a study from Budapest, Hungary, "Catechol 1,2-dioxygenase is a key enzyme in the degradation of monoaromatic pollutants. The detection of this gene is in focus today but recently designed degenerate primers are not always suitable." "Rhodococcus species are ...
Research from Technical University yields new findings on applied microbiology.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "The design and evaluation of an oligonucleotide microarray in order to detect and identify viable bacterial species that play a significant role in beer spoilage. These belong to the species of the genera Lactobacillus, Megasphaera, Pediococcus and Pectinatus," investigators in Hamburg, ...
Research from University of Nevada yields new data on applied microbiology.(Report)
Nov 04, 2008 ... "This study investigated the influence of a range of evaporation rates (2.0, 5.3 and 7.4 mm day(-1)) on degradation of E. coli (ATCC Strain 25922) inoculated in canine faeces. Experiments were carried out in an environmental chamber and a first order exponential decay function (Chick's ...
Research on applied microbiology described by N.B. Valentine and colleagues.(Report)
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to recent research published in the Journal of Applied Microbiology, "Having and executing a well-defined and validated sampling protocol is critical following a purposeful release of a biological agent for response and recovery activities, for clinical and epidemiological ...
Research reports from G. Hallas and co-authors provide new insights into applied microbiology.
Nov 04, 2008 ... In this recent study, researchers in Salisbury, Australia conducted a study "To compare the use of MI agar, Membrane Lactose Glucoronide Agar (MLGA), CM1046 agar and Colilert (R)-18 (Defined Substrate Technology (R), IDEXX Laboratories Pty. Ltd., Sydney) on Australian potable water." ...
Studies conducted at J. Dherbecourt et al on applied microbiology recently published.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "Short branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) are cheese flavour compounds, which result from the conversion of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). In Swiss cheese, the production of short BCFAs is mainly performed by Propionibacterium freudenreichii and is strain dependent," scientists in ...
Studies from University of Patras in the area of applied microbiology described.
Nov 04, 2008 ... In this recently published study, investigators in Patras, Greece conducted a study "To investigate the effect of organic nitrogen on lipogenesis during growth of Cunninghamella echinulata on tomato waste hydrolysate (TWH) media. Cunninghamella echinulata grown on a TWH medium rapidly ...
Study data from V. Broussolle et al provide new insights into applied microbiology.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "Our aim was to assess the diversity of the nutrient germination response of Bacillus cereus spores. B. cereus spore germination was monitored by decrease in optical density using a Bioscreen C analyser in response to the major germinant substances inosine and L-alanine. Spores of a set ...
Researchers from Quinnipiac University detail new studies and findings in the area of biochemistry.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to a study from the United States, "Saccharomyces cerevisiae uses vacuolar storage to dynamically control the cytoplasmic calcium concentration. Vex1p, a Ca2+/H+ antiporter and a member of file CAX (Ca2+/anion exchanger) family of exchangers, is one of the proteins that ...
New biophysics data have been reported by S. Somodi and co-authors.(Report)
Nov 04, 2008 ... "The Kv1.3 channel inactivates via the P/C-type mechanism, which is influenced by a histidine residue in the pore region (H399, equivalent of Shaker 449). Previously we showed that the electric field of the protonated histidines at low extracellular pH (pH(e)) creates a potential barrier ...
New biophysics research from M. Dakovic and co-researchers described.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "Biosorption of uranium from nuclear waste liquids and contaminated surface waters and soils has recently attracted special interest. However, the detailed mechanism of uranium uptake by plants is not well understood," scientists writing in the European Biophysics Journal with Biophysics ...
New biophysics study results reported from I.M. Tolicnorrelykke et al.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "Dynamic organization of the cell interior, which is crucial for cell function, largely depends on the microtubule cytoskeleton. Microtubules move and position organelles by pushing, pulling, or sliding," scientists writing in the European Biophysics Journal with Biophysics Letters report ...
Reports from University of Illinois highlight recent research in biophysics.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to recent research published in the European Biophysics Journal with Biophysics Letters, "The redox midpoint potential (E-m) of the primary quinone of bacterial reaction centers, Q(A), in native membranes (chromatophores) measured by redox potentiometry is reported to be pH ...
Reports summarize biophysics study results from University of Szeged.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "The steady-state operation of photosynthetic reaction center from Rhodobacter sphaeroides was investigated by measuring the rate of cytochrome photo-oxidation under intensive continuous illumination (808 nm, 5 W cm(-2)). The native quinone UQ(10) in Q(B) binding site of the reaction ...
Researchers from University of Ljubljana describe findings in biophysics.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to a study from Ljubljana, Slovenia, "The temperature-induced budding of POPC-cardiolipin-cholesterol, POPC-POPS-cholesterol and POPC-POPG-cholesterol giant lipid vesicles in the presence of beta(2)-glycoprotein I (beta(2)-GPI) in the outer solution was studied experimentally and ...
Studies from Jagiellonian University have provided new information about biophysics.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to recent research published in the European Biophysics Journal with Biophysics Letters, "Fluorescence spectra and fluorescence lifetimes of protochlorophyll (Pchl) were measured in organic solvents having different physical and chemical properties and were analyzed taking into ...
Investigators at Saitama University have published new data on cell and tissue research.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "The primordium of the mammalian adenohypophysis derived from Rathke's pouch (RP) is known to be formed by oral ectoderm invagination. However, in the early phase of pituitary development, the detailed process by which the oral ectoderm develops into the adenohypophysis remains largely ...
Study results from University of Kentucky broaden understanding of cell and tissue research.(Report)
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to a study from the United States, "Gap junctions in the cochlear lateral wall, which consists of the stria vascularis (SV) and spiral ligament (SPL), are important for generating a positive endocochlear potential and high potassium concentration in the endolymph. In this study, ...
Technion, Medical Department details research in cell and tissue research.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "Members of the claudin family of proteins are the main components of tight junctions (TJs), the major selective barrier of the paracellular pathway between epithelial cells. The selectivity and specificity of TJ strands are determined by the type of claudins present," investigators in ...
Tsinghua University publishes research in cell and tissue research.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "Mantle tissue plays an important role in shell biomineralization by secreting matrix proteins for shell formation. However, the mechanism by which it regulates matrix protein secretion is poorly understood, largely because of the lack of cellular tools for in vitro study and techniques to ...
Data from University Hospital provide new insights into cell biology.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "The primary cilium has evolved as a multifunctional cellular compartment that decorates most vertebrate cells. Cilia sense mechanical stimuli in various organs, but the molecular mechanisms that convert the deflection of cilia into intracellular calcium transients have remained elusive," ...
Data on cell biology detailed by S. Sugiyama and co-authors.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "Neural circuits are shaped by experience in early postnatal life. Distinct GABAergic connections within visual cortex determine the timing of the critical period for rewiring ocular dominance to establish visual acuity," scientists in Paris, France report (see also Cell Biology). ...
Data on cell biology published by M.M. Dix and colleagues.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "Proteolysis is a key regulatory process that promotes the (in) activation, translocation, and/or degradation of proteins. As such, there is considerable interest in methods to comprehensively characterize proteolytic pathways in biological systems," researchers in the United States report ...
Findings from University of California provide new insights into cell biology.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to recent research from the United States, "The dynamic behavior of homotetrameric kinesin-5 during mitosis is poorly understood. Kinesin-5 may function only by binding, cross-linking, and sliding adjacent spindle microtubules (MTs), or, alternatively, it may bind to a stable ...
New cell biology data have been reported by researchers at Harvard University.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "During oogenesis, numerous messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are maintained in a translationally silenced state. In eukaryotic cells, various translation inhibition and mRNA degradation mechanisms congregate in cytoplasmic processing bodies ( P bodies)," investigators in the United States report ...
New cell biology data have been reported by scientists at University of Colorado.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "Processing bodies (P bodies) are conserved mRNA protein (mRNP) granules that are thought to be cytoplasmic centers for mRNA repression and degradation. However, their specific functions in vivo remain poorly understood," scientists in the United States report (see also Cell Biology). ...
New cell biology research has been reported by scientists at North Carolina State University.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "Brassinosteroids (BRs) regulate plant development through a signal transduction pathway involving the BRI1 and BAK1 transmembrane receptor kinases. The detailed molecular mechanisms of phosphorylation, kinase activation, and oligomerization of the BRI1/BAK1 complex in response to BRs are ...
New data from California Institute of Technology illuminate research in cell biology.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to recent research from the United States, "The orientation of asymmetric cell division contributes to the organization of cells within a tissue or organ. For example, mirror-image symmetry of the C. elegans vulva is achieved by the opposite division orientation of the vulval ...
New data from R.E. Green et al illuminate research in cell biology.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to recent research from Leipzig, Germany, "A complete mitochondrial (mt) genome sequence was reconstructed from a 38,000 year-old Neandertal individual with 8341 mtDNA sequences identified among 4.8 Gb of DNA generated from similar to 0.3 g of bone." "Analysis of the ...
New findings from Medical College in the area of cell biology described.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to a study from the United States, "Protein translocation across the mitochondrial inner membrane is mediated by the TIM23 complex. While its central component, Tim23, is believed to form a protein-conducting channel, the regions of this subunit that face the imported protein are ...
New findings reported from University of Wisconsin describe advances in cell biology.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "Sexually dimorphic traits play key roles in animal evolution and behavior. Little is known, however, about the mechanisms governing their development and evolution," scientists in the United States report (see also Cell Biology). "One recently evolved dimorphic trait is the ...
New findings reported from Y. Noda and co-authors describe advances in cell biology.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to a study from Tokyo, Japan, "Trafficking of water channel aquaporin-2 (AQP2) to the apical membrane and its vasopressin and protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent regulation in renal collecting ducts is critical for body water homeostasis. We previously identified an AQP2 binding ...
New research on cell biology from University of California, Medical Department summarized.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "The tumor suppressor p53 is activated upon genotoxic and oxidative stress and in turn inhibits cell proliferation and growth through induction of specific target genes. Cell growth is positively regulated by mTOR, whose activity is inhibited by the TSC1: TSC2 complex," scientists writing ...
Reports summarize cell biology research from A. Marson and co-authors.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to recent research published in the journal Cell, "MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial for normal embryonic stem (ES) cell self-renewal and cellular differentiation, but how miRNA gene expression is controlled by the key transcriptional regulators of ES cells has not been established ....
Research from Rockefeller University has provided new data on cell biology.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to recent research from the United States, "In the fission yeast S. pombe, nuclei are actively positioned at the cell center by microtubules. Here, we show that cytoplasmic microtubules are mechanically coupled to the nuclear heterochromatin through proteins embedded in the ...
Research on cell biology discussed by scientists at Cincinnati Children's Hospital.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "Hox factors are key regulators of distinct cells, tissues, and organs along the body plan. However, little is known about how Hox factors regulate cell-specific gene expression to pattern diverse tissues," investigators in the United States report (see also Cell Biology). ...
Scientists at Okayama University publish new data on cell biology.(Report)
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to recent research from Okayama, Japan, "Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that frequently move, divide, and fuse with one another to maintain their architecture and functions. However, the signaling mechanisms involved in these processes are still not well characterized." ...
Studies from Brigham and Women's Hospital have provided new information about cell biology.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "The Drosophila MSL complex associates with active genes specifically on the male X chromosome to acetylate histone H4 at lysine 16 and increase expression approximately 2-fold. To date, no DNA sequence has been discovered to explain the specificity of MSL binding," scientists in the ...
Studies from S.M. Stagg et al provide new data on cell biology.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to recent research from the United States, "Using cryo-electron microscopy, we have solved the structure of an icosidodecahedral COPII coat involved in cargo export from the endoplasmic reticulum ( ER) coassembled from purified cargo adaptor Sec23-24 and Sec13-31 lattice-forming ...
Studies from University of Manchester reveal new findings on cell biology.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "Tail-anchored (TA) proteins, defined by the presence of a single C-terminal transmembrane domain (TMD), play critical roles throughout the secretory pathway and in mitochondria, yet the machinery responsible for their proper membrane insertion remains poorly characterized. Here we show ...
Studies from V.A. Narkar and colleagues reveal new findings on cell biology.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to a study from the United States, "The benefits of endurance exercise on general health make it desirable to identify orally active agents that would mimic or potentiate the effects of exercise to treat metabolic diseases. Although certain natural compounds, such as ...
Studies from Vrije University Amsterdam in the area of cell biology described.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "Although assembly of the mitotic spindle is known to be a precisely controlled process, regulation of the key motor proteins involved remains poorly understood. In eukaryotes, homotetrameric kinesin-5 motors are required for bipolar spindle formation," researchers in Netherlands report ...
Research findings from N. Chen et al update understanding of cell science.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to a study from Beijing, People's Republic of China, "Homeostasis in cells maintains their survival and functions. The plasticity at neurons and synapses may destabilize their signal encoding." "The rapid recovery of cellular homeostasis is needed to secure the ...
Study data from J.H. Wang and colleagues update understanding of cell science.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "Neuronal spike encoding and synaptic transmission in the brain need be precise and reliable for well-organized behavior and cognition. Little is known about how a unitary synapse reliably transmits presynaptic sequential spikes and how multiple unitary synapses precisely drive their ...
Findings in chromatography reported from Shenyang Pharmaceutical University.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to recent research published in the journal Chromatographia, "RT-A, a new prodrug based on resveratrol, is currently under investigation. Preclinical studies in rats indicate that RT-A is readily absorbed and rapidly split into an active metabolite RT-B by lysase of the ester ...
New findings in chromatography described from Shandong University.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to recent research published in the journal Chromatographia, "The purge and trap (P&T) technique was improved for measuring the release of organic compounds with weak volatility (weak VOCs) from dry plant materials. Using distilled water as a dispersant, the plant tissues were ...
New research on chromatography from T. Yasui and co-authors summarized.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to recent research from Nagoya, Japan, "The diazo component of o-hydroxy heterocyclic azo compounds showed a remarkable effect on the retention of their neutral complexes of iron and nickel as a precolumn derivatizing reagent in the separation of metal ions by RP-HPLC using an ...
Research data from Peking University update understanding of chromatography.
Nov 04, 2008 ... "A liquid chromatographic method was applied to determine trifolirhizin, kushenol K, kushenol L, kushenol N, kushenol X, kurarinone, norkurarinone, isokurarinone and kushenol A in the roots of Sophora flavescens, namely Kushen in China. The samples were separated on a YMC-C-18 column (250 ...
Research findings from W.A.W. Ibrahim et al update understanding of chromatography.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to a study from Johor, Malaysia, "A rapid estimation of octanol-water partition coefficient (log P-ow) was developed for triazole fungicides by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC)." "Five standard compounds with known log P-ow values from 2.9 to 4.3 ...
Research from Charles University yields new data on chromatography.
Nov 04, 2008 ... According to recent research from Prague, Czech Republic, "The interactions of two model phosphoproteins (porcine pepsin and ovalbumin) with two different immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) sorbents containing immobilized Fe3+, Ga3+, and UO22+ ions have been investigated ...