The Biological Bulletin back issues from October 2006:
The larval apical organ in the holothuroid Chiridota gigas (Apodida): inferences on evolution of the ambulacrarian larval nervous system.
Oct 01, 2006; ... The long-standing hypothesis, based on synapomorphic features of development and morphology (1), on the close phylogenetic relationships between echinoderms and hemichordates is strongly supported by molecular phylogeny (2, 3). It thus appears that a dipleurula-type larva with single ...
Adaptation of underwater video for near-substratum current measurement.
Oct 01, 2006; ... In a recent field study (1), we used current direction to partially explain navigation behaviors of the nudibranch mollusc Tritonia diomedea Bergh. To avoid interference with the behaviors and our ability to observe them, we chose to measure flow some distance away from the slugs. As a ...
Mammalian and avian neuroanatomy and the question of consciousness in birds.
Oct 01, 2006; ... Introduction Elucidating the mechanism or mechanisms by which sets of neurons generate consciousness requires that one be able to identify at least some of the animals, in addition to humans, that experience it. Different levels of consciousness have been variously defined, the ...
Source and specificity of chemical cues mediating shelter preference of Caribbean spiny lobsters (Panulirus argus).
Oct 01, 2006; ... Introduction Many species of palinurid lobsters display gregarious social behaviors (Atema and Cobb, 1980). In the Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, this sociality is evident in a variety of behaviors including the formation of long, single-file migratory queues, and ...
Visual physiology of the Antarctic amphipod Abyssorchomene plebs.
Oct 01, 2006; ... Introduction Visual systems may be uniquely adapted structurally and physiologically to the light environment in which they must function (reviewed in Lythgoe, 1979). Structural adaptations include modifications to dioptric elements, to photoreceptor arrangement, and to ...
Caribbean placozoan phylogeography.
Oct 01, 2006; ... Introduction Since its discovery, Trichoplax adhaerens has been classified as the sole species within the phylum Placozoa (Grell, 1971a), purported to reproduce sexually (Grell, 1971b, 1972), and discovered across the world. Today we know that the Placozoa actually consists of ...
Feeding in a calcareous sponge: particle uptake by pseudopodia.
Oct 01, 2006; ... Introduction Sponges are some of the predominant benthic suspension feeders globally (Gili and Coma, 1998). Detailed in situ and in vitro studies have revealed feeding efficiencies in the range of 75%-99% on plankton 0.1-70 [micro]m (Reiswig, 1974, 1975; Pile et al., 1996, 1997; ...
Adaptations to benthic development: functional morphology of the attachment complex of the brachiolaria larva in the sea star Asterina gibbosa.
Oct 01, 2006; ... Introduction Brachiolaria larvae, which are characterized by a specialized attachment complex comprising three larval arms (brachia) and an adhesive disc, occur in the life cycle of many asteroids whatever their nutritional mode (planktotrophy versus lecithotrophy) or their ...
Study of larval and adult skeletogenic cells in developing sea urchin larvae.
Oct 01, 2006; ... Introduction The adult rudiment, which is an adult organ formed in a part of the larval body in echinoderms, has been attracting interest from embryologists and cell biologists for a long time (Wilt, 2002). In sea urchins, the adult rudiment is formed in the left part of the ...
Light-enhanced calcification and dark decalcification in isolates of the soft coral Cladiella sp. during tissue recovery.
Oct 01, 2006; ... Introduction Studies of the short-term effect of light on calcification rates of zooxanthellate scleractinian corals indicate that photosynthesis by symbiotic algae is involved in the process (see reviews by Barnes and Chalker, 1990; Gattuso et al., 1999). Kawaguti and Sakumoto ...