The Journal of Nutrition back issues from January 2001:
Helen T. Parsons (1886-1977)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Biographical Article Helen Tracy Parsons was 1 of 112 charter members of the American Institute of Nutrition (AIN) and was named a fellow of the AIN in 1959, the third woman to be so recognized. These were notable achievements on the long career path of a young woman from Kansas who ...
Guinea pigs as models for cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism
Jan 01, 2001; ... ABSTRACT Guinea pigs carry the majority of their plasma cholesterol in LDL, making them a unique animal model with which to study hepatic cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism. In this review, the benefits and advantages of using this particular model are discussed. How dietary factors such as ...
Short-term zinc deficiency affects nuclear factor-kappaB nuclear binding activity in rat testes
Jan 01, 2001; ... Short-Term Zinc Deficiency Affects Nuclear Factor-KB Nuclear Binding Activity in Rat Testes1 ABSTRACT We reported previously that feeding zinc-deficient diets for 14 d altered the oxidant defense system in the testes of young male rats and increased levels of lipid, protein and DNA ...
Tea catechins prevent the development of atherosclerosis in apoprotein E-deficient mice
Jan 01, 2001; ... Tea Catechins Prevent the Development of Atherosclerosis in Apoprotein E-Deficient Mice1 ABSTRACT Green tea contains various antioxidative flavan-3ols (tea catechins), such as (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg, the major catechin), which exert potent inhibitory effects on LDL oxidation ...
Folate depletion and elevated plasma homocysteine promote oxidative stress in rat livers
Jan 01, 2001; ... Folate Depletion and Elevated Plasma Homocysteine Promote Oxidative Stress in Rat Livers1 ABSTRACT This study was designed to determine whether nutritional folate depletion exerts hepatic oxidative stress in relation to elevated plasma homocysteine. To mimic various extents of folate ...
A polyunsaturated fatty acid diet lowers blood pressure and improves antioxidant status in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Jan 01, 2001; ... ABSTRACT gamma-Linolenic acid [GLA, 18:3(n-6)], eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA, 20:5(n-3)] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA, 22:6(n-3)] have been reported to prevent cardiovascular diseases. However, they are highly unsaturated and therefore more sensitive to oxidation damage. We investigated the ...
Differential regulation of zinc transporter 1, 2, and 4 mRNA expression by dietary zinc in rats
Jan 01, 2001; ... Differential Regulation of Zinc Transporter 1, 2, and 4 mRNA Expression by Dietary Zinc in Rats1 ABSTRACT Zinc metabolism is well regulated over a wide range of dietary intakes to help maintain cellular zinc-dependent functions. Expression of transporter molecules, which influence zinc ...
Energy requirements of lactating women derived from doubly labeled water and milk energy output
Jan 01, 2001; ... Energy Requirements of Lactating Women Derived from Doubly Labeled Water and Milk Energy Output1 ABSTRACT Instead of using an incremental approach to assess the energy requirements of lactation, a more comprehensive approach may be taken by measuring total energy expenditure (TEE), milk ...
The metabolic availability of dietary triacylglycerols from two high oleic oils during the postprandial period does not depend on the amount of oleic acid ingested by...
Jan 01, 2001; ... The Metabolic Availability of Dietary Triacylglycerols from Two High Oleic Oils during the Postprandial Period Does Not Depend on the Amount of Oleic Acid Ingested by Healthy Men1 ABSTRACT Monounsaturated oils, virgin olive oil (VOO) and high oleic sunflower oil (HOSO) are suggested to ...
Chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid are absorbed in humans
Jan 01, 2001; ... Chlorogenic Acid and Caffeic Acid Are Absorbed in Humans1 ABSTRACT Chlorogenic acid, an ester of caffeic acid and quinic acid, is a major phenolic compound in coffee; daily intake in coffee drinkers is 0.5-1 g. Chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid are antioxidants in vitro and might ...
Cognitive and motor functions of iodine-deficient but euthyroid children in Bangladesh do not benefit from iodized poppy seed oil (Lipiodol)
Jan 01, 2001; ... Cognitive and Motor Functions of Iodine-Deficient but Euthyroid Children In Bangladesh Do not Benefit from Iodized Poppy Seed Oil (Lipiodol)1 ABSTRACT Iodine supplementation before pregnancy in iodine-deficient women prevents cretinism and neuromotor deficits in their offspring. It is ...
Breast-feeding has a limited long-term effect on anthropometry and body composition of Brazilian mothers
Jan 01, 2001; ... ABSTRACT The effect of lactation on maternal nutrition is controversial. Some studies have shown that breastfeeding reduces maternal weight, whereas some have not. All studies have been restricted to the first 2 y after delivery. We investigated the effect of lactation on maternal nutrition 5 y ...
Weekly supplementation with iron and vitamin A during pregnancy increases hemoglobin concentration but decreases serum ferritin concentration in Indonesian pregnant women
Jan 01, 2001; ... Weekly Supplementation with Iron and Vitamin A during Pregnancy Increases Hemoglobin Concentration but Decreases Serum Ferritin Concentration in Indonesian Pregnant Women1 ABSTRACT We investigated whether weekly iron supplementation was as effective as the national daily iron ...
Metabolic evidence for adaptation to a high protein diet in rats
Jan 01, 2001; ... ABSTRACT This study was designed to assess the effects of long-term adaptation to a high protein diet on energy intake, body weight gain, body composition and splanchnic metabolic indicators in rats. For this purpose, adult male Wistar rats were fed either a 50 g/100 g dry matter (DM) protein ...
High glycemic index starch promotes hypersecretion of insulin and higher body fat in rats without affecting insulin sensitivity
Jan 01, 2001; ... High Glycemic Index Starch Promotes Hypersecretion of Insulin and Higher Body Fat in Rats without Affecting Insulin Sensitivity1 ABSTRACT In rats, prolonged feeding of high glycemic index (GI) starch results in basal hyperinsulinemia and an elevated insulin response to an intravenous ...
Food deprivation exacerbates mitochondrial oxidative stress in rat liver exposed to ischemia-reprefusion injury
Jan 01, 2001; ... ABSTRACT Mitochondria undergo oxidative damage during reperfusion of ischemic liver. Although nutritional status affects ischemia-reperfusion injury in the liver, its effect on mitochondrial damage has not been evaluated. Thus, this study was designed to determine whether starvation influences ...
Food supplementation with milk fermented by Lactobacillus casei DN-114 001 protects suckling rats from rotavirus-associated diarrhea
Jan 01, 2001; ... ABSTRACT Group A rotavirus is the leading cause of diarrhea among children aged 3-36 mo worldwide. Introducing fermented milk products into the infant diet has been proposed for the prevention or treatment of rotavirus diarrhea. The preventive effect of milk fermented by the Lactobacillus casei ...
Dietary fatty acid composition in pregnancy alters neurite membrane fatty acids and dopamine ni newborn rat brain
Jan 01, 2001; ... ABSTRACT The importance of maternal dietary fatty acids on arachidonic acid [AA; 20:4(n-6)] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA; 22:6(n-3)] in fetal brain nerve growth cone membranes and monoaminergic neurotransmitters was investigated. Rats were fed purified diets containing 20 g/100 g safflower oil ...
17-Beta-estradiol affects brain protein synthesis rate in ovariectomized female rats
Jan 01, 2001; ... 17-beta-Estradiol Affects Brain Protein Synthesis Rate in Ovariectomized Female Rats1 ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine whether 17-beta-estradiol affects the rate of brain protein synthesis in ovariectomized female rats. Experiments were conducted on three groups of ...
Wheat aleurone flour increases cecal beta-glucuronidase activity and butyrate concentration and reduces colon adenoma burden in azoxymethane-treated rats
Jan 01, 2001; ... ABSTRACT Processed wheat aleurone flour (WAF) is a source of insoluble fermentable dietary fiber that comes from the outer layers of the wheat kernel. A study was designed to evaluate WAF, wheat bran (WB) and alpha-cellulose as the source of dietary fiber (5 g/100 g of diet) in a semipurified ...
Revision 2000: A statement for healthcare professionals from the Nutrition Committee of the American Heart Association
Jan 01, 2001; ... Revision 2000: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the Nutrition Committee of the American Heart Association1 KEY WORDS: * AHA Scientific Statement * diet * nutrition * prevention * obesity * heart disease * diabetes mellitus * cholesterol * hypertension * stroke * blood ...
Erratum
Jan 01, 2001; ... Zhang, Y., Wang, G.-J., Song, T. T., Murphy, P. A. and Hendrich, S. (1999) Differences in disposition of the soybean isoflavones, glycitein, daidzein and genistein in humans with moderate fecal isoflavone degradation activity. J. Nutr. 129: 957-962. The isoflavone content of soy milk ...
Maternal and prepubertal diet, mammary development and breast cancer risk
Jan 01, 2001; ... Maternal and Prepubertal Diet, Mammary Development and Breast Cancer Risk1,2 Although diet has been implicated as playing a major role in breast cancer, we do not know what dietary factors are responsible for initiating and promoting breast cancer. Until recently, a high intake of ...
Evaluation of the in vitro and in vivo antitumor activities of vitamin C and K-3 combinations against human prostate cancer
Jan 01, 2001; ... Evaluation of the In Vitro and In Vivo Antitumor Activities of Vitamin C and K-3 Combinations against Human Prostate Cancer1 Neoplasms of the urinary tract and male genital tract account for -28% of new cancers in males. Prostatic carcinoma is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors ...
Vitamin E: Mechanisms of action as tumor cell growth inhibitors
Jan 01, 2001; ... Vitamin E: Mechanisms of Action as Tumor Cell Growth Inhibitors'1,2 Vitamin E is an essential fat-soluble vitamin that functions, at least in part, as a lipid-soluble antioxidant. Although vitamin E is a popular supplement marketed for its potential beneficial antioxidant effects for a ...
PC-SPES and prostate cancer
Jan 01, 2001; ... PC-SPES and Prostate Cancer1,2 The American Cancer Society estimates that >184,000 American men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in the year 2000 and ~32,000 deaths will be attributed to the disease (Greenlee et al. 2000). Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy of men in ...
Role of gap-junctional communication in breast cancer progression and chemoprevention
Jan 01, 2001; ... Role of Gap-functional Communication in Breast Cancer Progression and Chemoprevention1,2 Although the etiology of breast cancer is varied, it is likely that the modulation of oncogene and tumor suppressor gene expression may play an important role in mammary tumorigenesis. Consistent ...
The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): Plans and progress
Jan 01, 2001; ... The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): Plans and Progress1,22 The hypothesis that diet and related metabolic, anthropometric and hormonal factors could play a role in cancer etiology was originally supported by a series of early case-control studies, ...
Clinical trials of breast and prostate cancer prevention
Jan 01, 2001; ... Clinical Trials of Breast and Prostate Cancer Prevention1 Decades of research have produced results suggesting that nutrition may have an important role in the etiology of many cancers, including cancers of the breast and prostate. Reducing the societal burden from breast and prostate ...
Evaluation of botanicals and dietary supplements therapy in cancer patients
Jan 01, 2001; ... Evaluation of Botanicals and Dietary Supplements Therapy in Cancer Patients1 The use of dietary supplements in the United States has increased significantly since 1994 when Congress passed the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, which specifies the role of the U.S. FDA in ...
Dietary change and cancer: Challenges and future direction
Jan 01, 2001; ... Dietary Change and Cancer: Challenges and Future Direction1 This paper is not about the basic science presented by the other papers here. Rather, we assert that changes in dietary choices and physical activity patterns can reduce a population's cancer rates by one third, an amount ...