US Fed News Service, Including US State News back issues from Friday, December 1:
Motorola Wins $38,191 Contract
Dec 01, 2006 ... PINE BLUFF, Ark., Dec. 1 -- The U.S. Army has awarded a $38,191 contract to Motorola Inc., Columbia, Md., for information technology services including telecommunications services. The contract was awarded by the U.S. Army Research, Development & Engineering Command, Pine Bluff, ...
Eleit Technology Wins $3.24 Million Contract
Dec 01, 2006 ... ANNISTON, Ala., Dec. 1 -- The U.S. Army has awarded a $3.24 million contract to Eleit Technology Inc., Huntsville, Ala., for technical representative services. The contract was awarded by the U.S. Army Tank-Automotive & Armaments Command, Anniston, Ala. For more ...
U.S., Irish Inventors Develop Beam Forming Configuration Method
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Xuemei Ouyang of Ossining, N.Y., and Joseph Patrick Meehan of Dublin, Ireland, have developed a method for a beam forming configuration. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A representation of a three-dimensional (3D) polygon is formed from a ...
North Carolina Inventor Develops Media Access Control Scheme
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Malcolm M Smith of Morrisville, N.C., has developed a media access control scheme for serially linked devices. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A network includes a master station and terminal devices each coupled using a serial data ...
California Inventors Develop Programmable Logic Device
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Amit Dhir of San Jose, Calif., and Krishna Rangasayee of Pleasanton, Calif., have developed a programmable logic device for wireless local area network. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Method and apparatus for a wireless local area network ...
Maryland, Washington Inventors Develop In-Flight Communications System
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Donald C. Kauffman of Laurel, Md., and Edward Scott Anderson of Snoqualmie, Wash., have developed an in-flight communication system that allows users to send and receive messages in an inconspicuous manner. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: ...
Washingtn Inventors Develop Wireless Network Power Efficient Cannel Scheduling Mehod
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Paramvir Bahl of Sammamish, Wash., Atul Adya of Bellevue, Wash., and Jitendra D. Pahhye of Kirkland, Wash., have developed a method of power efficient channel scheduling in a wireless network. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A method and ...
Finnish Inventors Develop Telecommunications Network Area-Specific Information Transmission Method
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Anssi Juppi of Helsinki, Finland, and Jari Vainikka of Vantaa, Finland, have developed a method of transmitting area-specific information on a telecommunications network. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The invention comprises at least one ...
California Inventors Develop Credit Application Rejection System
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Jeremy R. Lent and Mary Lent, both of Corte Madera, Calif., Eric R. Meeks of San Francisco, Yinzi Cai of Fremont, Calif., Timothy J. Coltrell of Danville, Calif., and David W. Dowhan of Mountain View, Calif., have developed a system and a method for presenting a reason ...
California Inventor Develops Data Switching Apparatus
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Yuanlong Wang of Fremont, Calif., has developed a method and an apparatus for switching data using parallel switching elements. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Data cells arriving in a switching unit are routed to virtual output queues ....
Japanese Inventor Develops Field Effect Transistor
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Makoto Noda of Tokyo has developed a field effect transistor and a method for manufacturing the same. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A field effect transistor comprises, at least, a channel forming region formed in a semiconductor layer, ...
Japanese Inventors Develop Image Forming Optical Device
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Yoshichi Otake and Hideki Tengeiji, both of Kanagawa -Ken, Japan, have developed an image forming optical device to form an image of optical light with prism shaped first and second optical devices. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The ...
Japanese Inventor Develops Semiconductor Device Manufacturing Apparatus
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Tetsuya Kurosawa of Yokohama, Japan, has developed an apparatus for manufacturing a semiconductor device that includes a first affixing mechanism, cutting mechanism, a second affixing mechanism and peeling mechanism. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark ...
U.S., South Korean Inventors Develop Expandable Shoe
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Byong M. Shin of Kyungnam, South Korea, Kwong Dong Chil of Pusan, South Korea, and Harry Miller of Weston, Mass., have developed an improved expandable shoe and inner assembly. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The expandable shoe includes ...
Iowa Inventors Develop Clothes Drying Cabinet
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Troy A. Johnson and Dean L. Schaffran, both of Newton, Iowa, have developed an improved shaker assembly for clothes drying cabinet. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A clothes drying cabinet is provided with a shaker assembly including a bar ...
British Inventors Develop Studded Footwear
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Paul Andrew Kelly of Warwickshire, Great Britain, Lee Paul Shuttleworth of Birmingham, Great Britain, and Stephen Keith Clark of Solihull, Great Britain, have developed a shoe stud and a receptacle combination. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark ...
Japanese Inventor Develops Image Pickup Device
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Hiromu Mukai of Kawachinagano, Japan, has developed an image pickup device with an image input optical system for forming an image on light that receives portions of an image sensor. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "An image pickup device ...
Remington Arms Wins $11.26 Million Contract
Dec 01, 2006 ... ROCK ISLAND, Ill., Dec. 1 -- The U.S. Army has awarded a $11.26 million contract to Remington Arms Co. Inc., Ilion, N.Y., for M24 sniper rifle, M24 spare parts and modular access rail system for M24. The contract was awarded by the U.S. Army Tank-Automotive & Armaments Command, Rock ...
R&D Electronics Wins $3.5 Million Contract
Dec 01, 2006 ... ROCK ISLAND, Ill., Dec. 1 -- The U.S. Army has awarded a $3.5 million contract to R&D Electronics Inc., Brownsboro, Ala., for weapons. The contract was awarded by the U.S. Army Tank-Automotive & Armaments Command, Rock Island, Ill. For more ...
New Jersey Inventors Develop Secure Wireless Local Area Network Access Technique
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Junbiao Zhang of Bridgewater, N.J., Saurabh Mathur of Plainsboro, N.J., and Kumar Ramaswamy of Princeton, N.J., have developed a technique for secure wireless local area network access. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "An access arrangement ...
Japanese Inventors Develop Workpiece Dimension Measuring Head
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Takaaki Kanai and Tomonori Sakaue, both of Mitaka, Japan, have developed a measuring head that is applied to a gauge apparatus for measuring the shape and dimensions of a workpiece during processing. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: ...
Japanese Inventor Develops Surface Position Detection Apparatus
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Yuji Kosugi of Tochigi, Japan, has developed an exposure apparatus for exposing a substrate moving in a scan direction to light directed via an original. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The apparatus includes a projection optical system ...
Canadian Inventors Develop Stress-Inducible Proteins Detection Composition
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Heather A. Boux and Geraldine S. Wong, both of Victoria, Canada, and Henry Rodriguez of North Saanich, Canada, have developed compositions and methods for detection of the stress-inducible protein. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: ...
U.S., Japanese Inventors Develop Watercraft Thrust Control Device
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Hiroshi Yamada of Irvine, Calif., and Toshio Araki of Kakogawa, Japan, have developed a thrust control apparatus for a jet propulsion watercraft. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The thrust control apparatus includes a throttle sensor for ...
Japanese Inventors Develop Data Transmission, Reception System
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Kinya Ono, Hidemi Usuba, Sho Murakoshi and Kunihiro Minoshima, all from Tokorozawa, Japan, have developed a data transmission/reception system, a connection establishing method and an information transmission/reception apparatus. According to the U.S. Patent ...
British Inventors Develop Receiver with Plural Detecting Processor
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Martin Lysejko of Bagshot, Great Britain, and Jeremy Laurence Cohen of Edgware, Great Britain, have developed a receiver for detecting and recovering data from received data bearing radio signal samples that comprises first and second detecting ...
Ohio Inventor Develops Foundation Wall System
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- David Zuppan of Warren, Ohio, has developed a foundation wall system. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A wall system uses panels constituted by a sandwich of two polyolefin sheets and an interior layer of glass fiberboard. Such structural ...
Colorado, California Inventors Develop Low Performance Warning System
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Robert A. Wiedeman of Sedalia, Colo., and Prashant V. Waknis of Mountain View, Calif., have developed a low performance warning system and a method for mobile satellite service user terminals. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A mobile ...
Swedish Inventors Develop Mobile Machine Arrangement
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Hakan Thysell and Karl Thysell, both of Soderkoping, Sweden, and Urban Thysell of Ystad, Sweden, have developed an arrangement in a mobile machine for screeding floor surfaces. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The invention relates to an ...
Virginia, California Inventors Develop Light-Emitting Panel Manufacturing Method
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Albert M. Green of Springfield, Va., N. Convers Wyeth of Oakton, Va., and E. Victor George of Temecula, Calif., have developed liquid manufacturing processes for panel layer fabrication. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A method for ...
North Carolina Inventors Develop Personal Computer Software Installation Method
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Dhruv M. Desai, Daryl C. Cromer and Howard J. Locker, all from Cary, N.C., Richard W. Cheston of Morrisville, N.C., Richard A. Dayan of Wake Forest, N.C., Jan M. Janick of Research Triangle Park, N.C., David B. Rhoades of Apex, N.C., and James P. Ward of Raleigh, N.C., ...
California Inventors Develop Nanowire Capillaries
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Timothy H. Joyce of Mountain View, Calif., and Jennifer Qing Lu of Milpitas, Calif., have developed a capillary for a mass spectrometry system. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The capillary comprises a channel and a tip, and at least one ...
California Inventors Develop Voice Over Network Lookup Method
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Sridhar G. Sharma Isukapalli of Fremont, Calif., Gary Tsztoo of Saratoga, Calif., Neal A. Schneider of Palo Alto, Calif., and Geeta Desai Cheunubhotla of San Jose, Calif., have developed a system for processing simplex and multiplexed voice packets transmitted over a ...
New Jersey Inventors Develop Fund Allocation Computer-Based Method
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Michael J. Picciallo of Bayville, N.J., and Peter J. Butch III of Cherry Hill, N.J., have developed a computer-based method for allocating parental funds in preestablished accounts for use by children. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, the ...
Taiwanese Inventor Develops Pixel Structure
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Chien-Sheng Yang of Hsinchu County, Taiwan, has developed a pixel structure and a fabricating method thereof. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The pixel structure is disposed on a substrate. The pixel structure comprises a scan line, a data ...
California Inventors Develop Video Input Processor
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Li Sha and Yaojun Luo, both of San Jose, Calif., Shuhua Xiang of Fremont, Calif., and He Ouyang of Cupertino, Calif., have developed a video input processor in multi-format video compression system. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A video ...
Japanese Inventors Develop Radiation Image Storage Panel
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Keiko Neriishi, Kiyoteru Miyake and Yasuo Iwabuchi, all from Kanagawa, Japan, have developed a radiation image storage panel that shows not only high sensitivity but also gives a reproduced radiation image of high quality. According to the U.S. Patent & ...
Utah, California Inventors Develop Humoral Anergy Inducing Composition
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Paul A. Barstad of Bountiful, Utah, and Gilbert M. Iverson of Del Mar, Calif., have developed a method of identifying a polypeptide analog of a T cell-dependent immunogen implicated in an antibody-mediated pathology. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark ...
Ohio Inventor Develops Cash Dispensing Method for Self-Service Facility
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Jeffery M. Enright of Akron, Ohio, has developed a cash dispensing method for self-service facility such as motor fuel dispensing facility. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A system for providing cash to users in a self-service environment ...
New Hampshire, Massachusetts Inventors Develop Structures with Planar Strained Layers
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Christopher W. Leitz of Manchester, N.H., Eugene A. Fitzgerald of Windham, N.H., and Minjoo L. Lee of Cambridge, Mass., have developed structures with planar strained layers. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, the invention relates to a ...
California Inventor Develops Auxiliary Power Unit Inlet Muff Anti-Icing System
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Robert G. Thompson of San Diego has developed an inlet muff anti-icing system for an auxiliary power unit (APU). According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, the invention relates to a "APU inlet muff anti-icing system that uses high pressure, high ...
California Inventor Develops Email/Fax Communication System
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Ilya Umansky of San Jose, Calif., has developed a method of partial fax delivery and multicast by the store and forward fax devices with limited memory. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "An email/fax communication system is disclosed for use ...
Arizona Inventors Develop On Chip Network
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Ned D. Garinger and Mark W. Naumann, both of Tempe, Ariz., Gary A. Walker of Phoenix, and Martin L. Dorr of Chandler, Ariz., have developed a network with independent logical and physical layers that enables and manages data operations between multiple processing ...
Maine Inventors Develop Support Mat
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Jon C. Fiutak of Cape Elizabeth, Maine, Shane M. McDougall of Caribou, Maine, and Albert P. Putnam III of Winterport, Maine, have developed an improved support mat and a method of making such support mats. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A ...
California Inventors Develop Serum Sample Verification Method
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Steven R. Binder of Berkeley, Calif., Jodi L. Goodrich of Martinez, Calif., and Zara Safarian of Pleasant Hill, Calif., have developed a method for verifying the degree of dilution of a test sample of either serum or plasma. According to the U.S. Patent & ...
Fraser Manufacturing Wins $377,573 Contract
Dec 01, 2006 ... ROCK ISLAND, Ill., Dec. 1 -- The U.S. Army has awarded a $377,573 contract to Fraser Manufacturing Corp., Lexington, Mich., for guns over 30mm up to 75mm. The contract was awarded by the U.S. Army Tank-Automotive & Armaments Command, Rock Island, Ill. For more information ...
TrueTech Wins $396,747 Contract
Dec 01, 2006 ... ROCK ISLAND, Ill., Dec. 1 -- The U.S. Army has awarded a $396,747 contract to TrueTech Inc., Riverhead, N.Y., for chemical weapons and equipment. The contract was awarded by the U.S. Army Tank-Automotive & Armaments Command, Rock Island, Ill. For more information about US ...
TrueTech Wins $338,040 Contract
Dec 01, 2006 ... ROCK ISLAND, Ill., Dec. 1 -- The U.S. Army has awarded a $338,040 contract to TrueTech Inc., Riverhead, N.Y., for miscellaneous chemical specialties. The contract was awarded by the U.S. Army Tank-Automotive & Armaments Command, Rock Island, Ill. For more information about ...
OUTSTANDING STUDENTS RECOGNIZED AT SAMURAI SCHOLARS AWARDS ASSEMBLY
Dec 01, 2006 ... The U.S. Marine Corps issued the following official news story: Matthew C. Perry Middle and High School students were commended for outstanding academic achievements during the first Samurai Scholars Awards Assembly at the high school gym Thursday. The Samurai Scholars program, ...
EXERCISE TESTS STATION RESPONSE TEAMS' ABILITY TO HANDLE FUEL SPILL
Dec 01, 2006 ... The U.S. Marine Corps issued the following official news story: Station emergency response teams tested their ability to contain a fuel spill during an unexpected training exercise near the station's port facility here Wednesday. The Provost Marshal's Office, Fire Department and ...
ASACS PROGRAM AIMS TO KEEP STATION TEENS CLEAN
Dec 01, 2006 ... The U.S. Marine Corps issued the following official news story: Being mission ready is not only a concern for service members but for all who live aboard the station. But what does it mean to keep Iwakuni's adolescents mission ready? As the new Community Substance Abuse Risk ...
Minnesota Inventor Develops Memory Bus Polarity Indicator System
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Paul A. LaBerge of Shoreview, Minn., has developed a method of providing data from a memory device. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A method and system transfer read data from a memory device having a data bus and a data masking pin ...
Alabama, California Inventors Develop Ligands Sensor Device
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Vitaly Vodyanoy, Alexandre M. Samoylov and Tatiana I. Samoylova, all from Auburn, Ala., Suram T. Pathirana of Sunnyvale, Calif., have developed a method for evaluating the affinity of one or more ligands for a peptide of interest. According to the U.S. Patent ...
French Inventors Develop Mobile Station Velocity Radio Estimation Method
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Corinne Bokhomme of Sergy, France, Jean-Louis Dorusletter of Choiseul, France, and Nidhour Beu Rached of Paris, have developed a radio estimation method of a mobile station velocity. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The invention relates to ...
Japanese Inventors Develop Optical Device
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Tetsuhide Takeyama and Masayuki Mizusawa, both of Hachioji, Japan, have developed an optical device and an imaging method. An abstract of the invention, released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, said: "An optical device includes a carrier that holds a ...
California Inventors Develop Crohn's Disease Treatment Method
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Stephan R. Targan of Santa Monica, Calif., Jonathan Braun of Tarzana, Calif., and Christopher L. Sutton of Encinitas, Calif., have developed a method for diagnosis, prevention and treatment of Crohn's disease by using the outer membrane protein C (OmpC) ...
California Inventor Develops Audio, Video Streams Synchronizing Method
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- David Robert Black of Sunnyvale, Calif., has developed a method and an apparatus for synchronizing audio and video streams. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Some embodiments of the invention provide a method for synchronizing an audio ...
California Inventors Develop Wireless Network Calibration Method
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Justin Paul McNew of Santa Monica, Calif., Khaled I. Dessouky of Studio City, Calif., and Jun Liu of Sherman Oaks, Calif., have developed a system and a method for calibration of a wireless network. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "In one ...
Texas Inventors Develop Inter-Queue Ordering Mechanism
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Jaideep Dastidar, Ryan J. Hensley, Michael Ruhovets and An H. Lam, all from Houston, have developed a device for implementing transaction ordering enforcement between different queues of a computer system interconnect that uses an inter-queue ordering mechanism ....
North Carolina Inventors Develop Communication Frequency Hopping Mode Selecting Method
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Ali S. Khayrallah of Apex, N.C., and Gregory E. Bottomley of Cary, N.C., have developed a method for selecting a frequency hopping mode for a communication in a communication system with a plurality of transmission schemes. According to the U.S. Patent & ...
Minnesota Inventor Develops Writing Guide
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Carmen Lira-Nez of St. Cloud, Minn., has developed a writing guide having a writing support that extends from a base. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A guide for freehand writing or similar graphics comprises a writing support that ...
Japanese Inventor Develops Scheduling Device, Cell Communication Device
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Satoshi Furusawa of Chiba, Japan, has developed a scheduling device and a cell communication device that is capable of reducing a total storage region required for a scheduling function. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Cell output control ...
Japanese Inventor Develops Imaging Apparatus, Processing Method
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Shingo Nozawa of Tokyo has developed a processing for converting the number of pixels of an input image signal. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "An imaging apparatus uses an imaging device to generate an image signal corresponding to an ...
Italian Inventors Develop Novel Protein
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Alessandro Moretta, Cristina Bottino and Roberto Biassoni, all from Genoa, Italy, have developed a novel protein, termed NTB-A, nucleic acid molecules encoding the same and uses thereof. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The invention also ...
Pennsylvania, Massachusetts Inventors Develop Building Foundation Corner Positioning Method
Dec 01, 2006 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 1 -- Timothy D. Armstrong of Youngwood, Pa., and Glenn T. Hathaway of Attleboro, Mass., have developed a measuring arrangement to determine location of corners for a building foundation and a wooden base frame, and the use thereof. According to the U.S. Patent & ...