US Fed News Service, Including US State News back issues from Saturday, February 17:
Minnesota Inventors Develop Multi-site Cardiac Pacemaker Capture Verification Apparatus
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- David Ternes of Roseville, Minn., and David J. Yonce of Fridley, Minn., have developed a system for determining capture thresholds for a multi-site cardiac pacemaker. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, the invention relates to an "apparatus ...
South Carolina Inventors Develop Cupric Etchants Regeneration Process
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Gang Zhao and H. Wayne Richardson, both of Sumter, S.C.. have developed a process for the regeneration of cupric etchants and recovery of copper sulfate. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Spent, acidic solutions comprising cupric chloride ...
Japanese Inventor Develops Image Processing System
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Koji Horibe of Kasugai, Japan, has developed an image processing system for mounting to a vehicle. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "An image processing system to be mounted to a vehicle includes a radar adapted to measure distance and ...
California Inventor Develops Autonomic Tone Monitor Photo-Plethysmography
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Robert Turcott of Mountain View, Calif., has developed a method of using photo-plethysmography to monitor autonomic tone and performing pacing optimization based on monitored autonomic tone. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The autonomic ...
German Inventor Develops Gravimetric Dosing Bulk Material Device
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Hubert Wolfschaffner of Dasing, Germany, has developed a method and a device for gravimetric dosing bulk material. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "In order to increase the dosing accuracy of a dosing device, the bulk material is temporarily ...
Maryland Inventor Develops Article Portioning Head System
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Donald Wooldridge of Dunkirk, Md., has developed an article portioning head system. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, the invention relates to a "system and an apparatus and method for detecting and discriminating articles that are within a ...
Japanese Inventors Develop Fan Type Chemicals Diffusing Device
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Satoshi Yamasaki, Kazunori Yamamoto and Atsushi Matsuda, all from Hiroshima, Japan, have developed a fan type chemical diffusing apparatus of volatilizing a chemical. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A fan type chemical diffusing apparatus ...
Wisconsin Inventors Develop Dispensing Cap
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Kevin R. Kastenschmidt and Charles D. Weber, both of Onalaska, Wis., and Dennis P. Vosen of La Crosse, Wis., have developed a container cap for use with a container having a cavity. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A combination container ...
Swedish Inventors Develop Blister Pack Device
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Maria Benktzon, Thomas Nilsson, Malin Oreback and Stefan Strandberg, all from Bromma, Sweden, have developed a blister pack device for storing and dispensing a dosage unit, including a container having an opening for receiving a blister pack. According to the ...
California Inventors Develop Air-filled Packing Cushion Making Method
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Andrew Perkins and Oliver M. Reyes, both of Berkeley, Calif., have developed a machine and a method for inflating and sealing air-filled packing cushions. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, the invention relates to a "machine and method for ...
California Inventors Develop Patient Physical Activity Monitor Implantable Device
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Mark W. Kroll of Simi Valley, Calif., and Bruce Kleine of Reseda, Calif., have developed an implantable device for automatically monitoring and reporting patient physical activity. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, the invention relates to ...
New York Inventors Develop Automated Banking Machine Transaction Accessing Secure Cell Phone
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Edward E. Kelley of Wappingers Falls, N.Y., and Franco Motika of Hopewell Junction, N.Y., have developed a method, secure cell phone and system for securely accessing an automated banking machine using such secure cell phone. According to the U.S. Patent & ...
Minnesota Inventors Develop Cardiac Rhythm Management System
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- William C. Lincoln of Coon Rapids, Minn., and Gerrard M. Carlson of Champlin, Minn., have developed a method of classifying tachyarrhythmia that uses time interval between ventricular depolarization and mitral valve closure. According to the U.S. Patent & ...
PLAQUEDILLA PARADE ROLLS THROUGH NAS JRB NEW ORLEANS
Feb 17, 2007 ... The U.S. Navy issued the following press release: By Mass Communications Specialist First Class Shawn D. GrahamNaval Air Station Joint Reserve Base New Orleans Public Affairs Mardi Gras magic was in the air during the 19th annual "Krewe of Plaquedillas" parade Feb 14 at Naval Air ...
MetalMart International Wins $60,243 Contract
Feb 17, 2007 ... JACKSONVILLE, Fla., Feb. 17 -- The U.S. Navy has awarded a $60,243 contract to MetalMart International Inc., Commerce, Calif., for metal bars, sheets and shapes. The contract was awarded by the Naval Supply Systems Command's Fleet & Industrial Supply Center, Jacksonville, ...
TW Metals Wins $69,865 Contract
Feb 17, 2007 ... JACKSONVILLE, Fla., Feb. 17 -- The U.S. Navy has awarded a $69,865 contract to TW Metals, Exton, Pa., for pipes, tubing, hose and fittings.The contract was awarded by the Naval Supply Systems Command's Fleet & Industrial Supply Center, Jacksonville, Fla. For ...
L-3 Communications Wins $28,176 Contract
Feb 17, 2007 ... MECHANICSBURG, Pa., Feb. 17 -- The U.S. Navy has awarded a $28,176 contract to L-3 Communications Corp., Camden, N.J., for the repair and modification of circuit card assemblies. The contract was awarded by the Naval Inventory Control Point, Mechanicsburg, Pa. For more ...
Curtiss Wright Electro-Mechanical Wins $151,827 Contract
Feb 17, 2007 ... MECHANICSBURG, Pa., Feb. 17 -- The U.S. Navy has awarded a $151,827 contract to Curtiss Wright Electro-Mechanical Corp., Phillipsburg, N.J., for liquid pump housings. The contract was awarded by the Naval Inventory Control Point, Mechanicsburg, Pa. For more ...
Northrop Grumman Wins $40,000 Contract
Feb 17, 2007 ... PHILADELPHIA, Feb. 17 -- The U.S. Navy has awarded a $40,000 contract to Northrop Grumman Corp., San Diego, for the repair and modification of inter avionics units. The contract was awarded by the Naval Inventory Control Point, Philadelphia. For more ...
Mexican Inventor Develops Aluminum Profile System for Construction Industry
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- David Antonio de Garay Arellano of Col. Chapultepec Morales, Mexico, has developed an aluminum profile system for placing doors, windows and partition walls. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "This invention is related to the construction ...
South Korean Inventors Develop Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Symptoms Progression Delaying Method
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Jong-Mook Kim, Seong-Hyun Ho, Eun-Jin Park and Sunyoung Kim, all from Seoul, South Korea, have developed a method of delaying the progression of one or more rheumatoid arthritis-associated symptoms in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. According to the U.S ....
British Inventors Develop Radiation Redirecting Apparatus
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Roger Appleby, Rupert Nicholas Anderton and Peter Russell Coward, all from Malvern, Great Britain, and Alan Harold Lettington of Whiteknights, Great Britain, have developed an apparatus for redirecting radiation. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark ...
Kansas Inventors Develop Cerebral Interface System
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Ivan Osorio of Leawood, Kan., and Mark Frei of Lawrence, Kan., have developed a bi-directional cerebral interface system. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, the invention relates to a "cerebral interface system including a housing mechanism ...
Minnesota Inventor Develops Heart Tachycardia Detection Device
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Paul Belk of Maple Grove, Minn., has developed a method of history-dependent pacing interval determination for antitachycardia pacing. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, the invention relates to a "method and device for delivering ...
Japanese Inventor Develops Semiconductor Device
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Koichi Fukuda of Tokyo has developed a semiconductor device and a method of fabricating same. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A semiconductor device and a method of fabricating the same suppress a substrate floating effect without causing ...
South Korean Inventors Develop Flash Memory Device Operating Method
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Dong-Gun Park and Choong-Ho Lee, both of Seongnam-si, South Korea, Jae-Man Yoon of Seoul, South Korea, and Eun-Suk Cho of Suwon-si, South Korea, have developed a method of operating a flash memory device. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A ...
Japanese Inventors Develop Semiconductor Device
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Hiroshi Iwata, Akihide Shibata, Seizo Kakimoto and Masayuki Nakano, all from Nara, Japan, and Kouichiro Adachi of Tenri, Japan, have developed a semiconductor device, a method for producing the same, and an information processing apparatus thereto. According ...
Florida Inventors Develop Blast Resistant Window
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Michael A. Rochefort and Mark Anderson, both of Panama City, Fla., Richard N. Vickers of Chipley, Fla., have developed a blast resistant window. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A blast resistant window structure capable of withstanding ...
Dutch Inventors Develop Information Carrier Scanning Device
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Aalbert Stek and Roel Van Woudenberg, both of Eindhoven, Netherlands, have developed a device for scanning an information carrier, a method of manufacturing, and an information carrier. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A device reads an ...
California Inventor Develops Air Disinfecting System
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- James L. Dionisio of Folsom, Calif., has developed an air disinfecting system and a cartridge device containing ultraviolet light. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, the invention relates to a "cartridge device containing ultraviolet C for ...
Telephonics Wins $88,940 Contract
Feb 17, 2007 ... PHILADELPHIA, Feb. 17 -- The U.S. Navy has awarded a $88,940 contract to Telephonics Corp., Farmingdale, N.Y., for the repair and modification of communication controllers. The contract was awarded by the Naval Inventory Control Point, Philadelphia. For more information ...
New Jersey Inventor Develops Flooring Material Transition Support
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Frank Pelosi Jr. of Moorestown, N.J., has developed a transition support for flooring material. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, the invention relates to a "transition support for flooring extending between a floor area of a high height and ...
California Inventors Develop Particles Processing Method
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Don W. Arnold, David J. Rakestraw and Phillip H. Paul, all from Livermore, Calif., and Patrick Pak-Ho Leung of Belmont, Calif., have developed a method for processing particles. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Particles dispersed in a ...
South Dakota, North Dakota, Colorado Inventors Develop Concrete Anchor Float
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Mark Duane Alyea, Beth Marie Torpey and Matthew Aaron Sletten, all from Rapid City, S.D., Andrew Joseph Fisher of Borman, N.D., and Stephanie Nicole Pinon of Fort Collins, Colo., have developed a concrete anchor float that facilitates the placement of anchor bolts ...
South Carolina Inventors Develop Impact-resistant Shutter Assembly
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Jeffrey S.Jaycox of Florence, S.C., and David Cottingham of Dillon, S.C., have developed a impact-resistant shutter assembly. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "An impact-resistant shutter does not fracture upon impact from debris. The ...
Japanese Inventor Develops Inferior Abdomen Radio Frequency Coil
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Akira Nabetani of Tokyo has developed a radio frequency (RF) coil, a RF signal transmitter receiver, a RF signal receiver, and a magnetic resonance imaging system for the inferior abdomen. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "For the purpose ...
California Inventors Develop Memory Device with Multiple Memory Units
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Reed A. Linde of El Dorado Hills, Calif., and Alec W. Smidt of Folsom, Calif., have developed a memory defect detection and a self-repair technique. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "According to some embodiments, a memory device having ...
Japanese Inventors Develop Tin-zinc Lead-Free Solder
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Masaaki Yoshikawa, Haruo Aoyama and Hirotaka Tanaka, all from Sagamihara, Japan, have developed a tin-zinc (Sn-Zn) lead-free solder, its mixture, and solder-joined part. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "An Sn--Zn lead-free solder alloy ...
Texas Inventor Develops Concrete Strengthening Post Tension System
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Norris Hayes of Sugar Land, Texas, has developed an apparatus and a method for reducing corrosion in post-tension construction. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "An anchor is engagable with a post-tension tendon and comprises an anchor base ...
California Inventor Develops Cancer Immunotherapy
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- John C. Hiserodt of Huntington Beach, Calif., has developed a cancer immunotherapy using allostimulated cells in a multiple sequential implantation strategy. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "This invention provides medicaments and methods ...
South Korean Inventor Develops Mobile Communication Terminal
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Dong-Jin Yoon of Seoul, South Korea, has developed a mobile communication terminal that is provided with handsfree function and controlling method thereof. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Disclosed are a mobile communication terminal ...
Texas Inventors Develop Digital Sigma-Delta Modulator
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Louis Albert Williams III of Plano, Texas, and Francesco Cavaliere of Richardson, Texas, have developed a reduced area digital sigma-delta modulator. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A digital sigma-delta modulator requiring minimal die ...
New York Inventor Develops Emitter Signal Detection Method
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Anthony J Gounalis of Endicott, N.Y., has developed a system and a method for detection of emitter signals using multiple intercept rules. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A system and method is provided for detecting emitter signals and ...
California, Colorado Inventors Develop Nerve Proximity Detection Method
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Jeffrey J. Blewett of San Diego, James F. Marino of La Jolla, Calif., and Norbert F. Kaula of Arvada, Colo., have developed a method and a system for detecting proximity of a nerve to a proximity electrode and status of nerve. According to the U.S. Patent ...
Georgia Inventor Develops Dry Stack Building Block
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Alan C. Ferguson of Dacula, Ga., has developed a web offset lug dry-stack system. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Generally, the invention is a dry stack building block for constructing a masonry wall. The dry stack unit has a front ...
California Inventors Develop Monolithic Integrated Circuit
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Luca G. Fasoli of San Jose, Calif., and Roy E. Scheuerlein of Cupertino, Calif., have developed an integrated circuit that includes memory array incorporating multiple types of not and (NAND) string structures. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark ...
California, Colorado Inventors Develop Data Coding Method
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Andrei Vityaev of Soquel, Calif., Razmik Karabed of San Jose, Calif., and William G. Bliss of Thornton, Colo., have developed a data coding method that produces codewords with a scheme that changes for different codewords, and decodes codewords with a scheme that ...
Colorado Inventors Develop Data Encoding Method
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Xiao Hong Du and Dennis C. Young, both of Colorado Springs, Colo., have developed an imprint-free coding for ferroelectric nonvolatile counters. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "An encoder utilizes a coding method for use with ...
Japanese Inventors Develop Medical Telemetry System
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Fumiyuki Matsumura, Iwao Takahashi and Tadashi Nakayama, all from Tokyo, have developed a medical telemetry system which collects signals representing various vital signs measured by a vital sign signal measurement device. According to the U.S. Patent & ...
New Mexico Inventor Develops Self-Sterilizing Gripping Apparatus
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Kelly L. Jones of Columbus, N.M., has developed a self-sterilizing gripping or handle apparatus. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The apparatus and method of the invention have to do with sterilizing a gripping surface with germicidal ...
California Inventors Develop Electroencephalography Based System
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Stephen C. Suffin of Sherman Oaks, Calif., W. Hamlin Emory of Malibu, Calif., and Leonard J. Brandt of Laguna Hills, Calif., have developed electroencephalography (EEG) based systems and methods for selecting therapies and predicting outcomes. According to the ...
Virginia Inventor Develops Non Clogging Screen
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Edward A. Higginbotham of Amherst, Va., has developed a composite screen or perforated surface and filtering membranes. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A filter assembly is provided that has a filtering screen and a skeletal structure, ...
German, Swiss Inventors Develop Technical Installation Control Method
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Karl Glas of Herzogenaurach, Germany, Juergen Kroener of Remchingen-Singen, Germany, Ulrich Sinn of Erlangen, Germany, and Matthias Rebellius of Meilen, Switzerland, have developed a method for the automated control of a technical installation and a process control ...
Ohio Inventor Develops Food Dispenser
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Steven Tsengas of Fairport Harbor, Ohio, has developed a food and/or treat dispenser that is portable, durable and lightweight. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A food and/or treat dispenser comprises an enclosed container having at least ...
Canadian Inventor Develops Gigabit Ethernet Line Driver
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Oleksiy Zabroda of Kanata, Canada, has developed a gigabit Ethernet line driver that includes a transmitter with both transmitter and an active hybrid outputs. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The transmitter consists of a plurality of ...
German Inventors Develop Underground Mining Controller
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Ferdinand Uhlendorf and Johannes Wesselmann, both of Dortmund, Germany, Wilfried Weigel of Werne, Germany, Jens Titschert of Lunen, Germany, and Ju Tschope of Selm, Germany, have developed a controller for control operations in underground mining, especially for ...
Nebraska Inventor Develops Repaneling Structure Bracket
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Arnold G.Legband of Fremont, Neb., has developed a bracket for use in repaneling a structure.According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A bracket for use in retrofitting building panels to a structure is provided with forward, rearward and top ...
Japanese Inventors Develop Silicon on Insulator Production Process
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Takeshi Fukunaga of Kanagawa, Japan, has developed a process for producing an adhered silicon on insulator substrate without causing cracking and peeling of a single-crystal silicon thin film. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The process ...
New Jersey, New York Inventors Develop Blood Extracorporeal Treatment Apparatus
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- John O'Mahony of Hackensack, N.J., Howard R. Levin of Teaneck, N.J., and Mark Gelfand of New York, have developed an apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of blood. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A method and system for the ...
Georgia, California Inventors Develop Neurological Patient-Specific Parameter Selection Method
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Javier Echauz and Rosana Esteller, both of Roswell, Ga., and Thomas K. Tcheng and Benjamin D. Pless of Sunnyvale, both Calif., have developed a method of patient-specific parameter selection for neurological event detection. According to the U.S. Patent & ...
South Korean Inventor Develops Data-Converting Circuit
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Hong-Goo Yoon of Seongnam-si, South Korea, has developed a data-converting method. An abstract of the invention, released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, said: "A data converting method is realized by a data-converting circuit including: a data ...
Connecticut Inventors Develop Oil Continuous Phase Cosmetic Emulsions
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Kelly Denise Hart of Cheshire, Conn., Marcina Siciliano of New Haven, Conn., Jeffrey William Rosevear of Wallingford, Conn., and Brian John Dobkowski of Milford, Conn., have developed oil continuous phase cosmetic emulsions with conjugated linoleic ...
Texas Inventor Develops Damaged Skin Treatment Method
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- John R. Schiltz of Coppell, Texas, has developed a method of treating dry, aged, or damaged skin that comprises topical application to the skin ef a cosmetic composition. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Novel methods and compositions for ...
Japanese Inventors Develop Tin-Zinc Lead-Free Solder Alloy
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Masaaki Yoshikawa, Haruo Aoyama and Hirotaka Tanaka, all from Sagamihara, Japan, have developed a tin-zinc (Sn-Zn) lead-free solder alloy, and solder junction portion. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "An Sn--Zn lead-free solder alloy ...
California Inventors Develop Multi-Level Cells Testing Technique
Feb 17, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 17 -- Daniel R. Elmhurst of Cameron Park, Calif., Karthikeyan Ramamurthi of Folsom, Calif., Quan H. Ngo of Sacramento, Calif., and Robert L. Melcher of Folsom, Calif., have developed an apparatus and a technique for testing of multi-level cells in a memory storage device ...