US Fed News Service, Including US State News back issues from Wednesday, March 7:
California Inventors Develop Video Processing System
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Hongjun Yuan and Sha Li, both of San Jose, Calif., and Shuhua Xiang of Fremont, Calif., have developed a video processing system that includes input and output address generators. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The address generators are ...
Japanese Inventors Develop Printed Wiring Board with Plural Pads
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Kiyoshi Ishikawa of Kawasaki, Japan, has developed a printed wiring board having plural pads arranged thereon and with plural wires extending from the pads. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, the invention aims to "provide a printed wiring ...
Massachusetts Inventor Develops Interconnected Photovoltaic Cell Fabrication Method
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- James Ryan of Marlboro, Mass., has developed methods of scoring for fabricating interconnected photovoltaic cells. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The invention, in one embodiment, is directed to a method of scoring the coating of a first ...
California Inventors Develop Projector with Scanning Optics
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Winthrop D. Childers and Wayne M. Richard, both of San Diego, have developed a projector that employs scanning optics. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A number of light-emitting sources have intensities that are varied in accordance with ...
Australian Inventor Develops Linear Compressors Maximum Stroke Controlling Method
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Isaac Dimanstein of Carrara, Australia, has developed an apparatus and a method for controlling the maximum stroke of a linear compressor. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The shorting of the normal supply voltage of a compressor to ground ...
U.S., French Inventors Develop Hydrogen Gas Sensor
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 --Reginald Mark Penner of Laguna Beach, Calif., Erich C. Walter of Irvine, Calif., and Fred Favier of Saint Clemente de Riviere, France, have developed hydrogen gas sensors and switches that are fabricated from an array of metal nanowires. According to the U.S ....
Japanese Inventor Develops Triangular Wave Generation Circuit
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Nobuaki Tsuji of Hamamatsu, Japan, has developed a triangular wave generating circuit that is adapted to class-D amplifier. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A triangular wave generating circuit adapted to a class-D amplifier is designed ...
Japanese Inventor Develops Phase Synchronous Circuit
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Yoshihisa Isobe of Kanagawa, Japan, has developed a phase synchronous circuit that generates an output signal synchronized with an input signal. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The phase synchronous circuit comprises an output circuit ...
Maryland Inventors Develop Rapid Growing Microorganism
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Fredric R Bloom of Germantown, Md., Brian J Schmidt of Rockville, Md., and Jhy-Jhu Lin of Potomac, Md., have developed rapid growing microorganisms for biotechnology applications. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The present invention ...
Taiwanese Inventors Develop Miniaturized Fluid Delivery, Analysis System
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- James Russell Webster and Yuan-Fong Kuo, both of Hsinchu, Taiwan, Shaw-Tsu Wang of Taipei, Taiwan, and Lung-Wen Tai of Taichung, Taiwan, have developed an apparatus that provides a fluidic cartridge including a first and second substrate and an intermediate ...
Texas Inventor Develops Column Address Path Circuit
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Duc V. Ho of Allen, Texas, has developed a column address path circuit and a method for memory devices having a burst access mode. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Column addresses are generated by a burst controller that includes ...
California Inventors Develop Real-Time Pulse Sorting Apparatus
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Richard Charles Pringle of Van Nuys, Calif., and Joanna S. Quan of West Hills, Calif., have developed a real-time pulse sorting apparatus of a preprocessor in a pulsed radiation detection system. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The ...
South Korean Inventors Develop Laser Video Projector
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Jin-ho Lee and Sang-whoe Dho, both of Kyungki-do, South Korea, have developed a laser video projector with multi-channel acousto-optic modulator, and a method and a circuit for driving the same. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Provided ...
Japanese Inventors Develop Speech Synthesis Method
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Takehiko Kagoshima of Yokohama, Japan, and Masami Akamine of Yokosuka, Japan, have developed a speech synthesis method for generating a speech signal from information such as a phoneme symbol string, a pitch and a phoneme duration. According to the U.S ....
Japanese Inventor Develops Signal Information Compression Device
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Yasushi Sato of Nagareyama, Japan, has developed a frequency thinning device and a method for compressing information by thinning out frequency components of signal. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, the invention relates to a "device and a ...
North Carolina Inventor Develops Fastener with Attached Pivotable Handle
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Norman Leblanc of Harrisburg, N.C., has developed a fastener for holding together two halves of a separable housing. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The fastener includes a shaft having a first end and a second end, the first end of the ...
German Inventors Develop Multiple Clock Domain Circuit Synchronous Resetting Method
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Ulrich Heinkel of Buckenhof, Germany, Wolfgang Rupprecht of Igensdorf, Germany, and Christoph Smalla of Nuremberg, Germany, have developed a method for synchronous resetting of a multiple clock domain integrated circuit. According to the U.S. Patent & ...
California Inventors Develop Glycoprotein Synthesis Method
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Lei Wang and Zhiwen Zhang, both of San Diego, and Peter G. Schultz of La Jolla, Calif., have developed methods for making glycoproteins, both in vitro and in vivo. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "One method involves incorporating an ...
Pennsylvania Inventors Develop Wounds Clinical Management Method
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Ronald J. Shannon of Washington Crossing, Pa., has developed a method for determining care and prevention pathways for clinical management of wounds. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The present invention relates to methods for ...
Japanese Inventor Develops Television Tuner with Input, Output Signal
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Masaki Yamamoto of Fukushima-ken, Japan, has developed a television tuner that includes a metal frame with four side plates. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The area inside the frame is divided by a shield plate into a first division ...
German Inventors Develop Microchip Apparatus
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Walter Schrenk of Karlsbad, Germany, and Tobias Preckel of Waldbronn, Germany, has developed a new apparatus for introducing samples and reagents to a microchip. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, the invention relates to a "system and ...
Indian Inventor Develops On-Chip Timing Measurement Circuit
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Naveen Tiwari of Delhi, India, has developed an on-chip timing measurement circuit for improving skew measurement and timing parameter characterization in integrated logic circuits providing increased accuracy and range. According to the U.S. Patent & ...
New Jersey, California Inventors Develop Autoinducer Transporter Inhibitor
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Michiko E. Taga and Bonnie L. Bassler, both of Princeton, N.J., and Douglas T. McKenzie of San Diego, have developed inhibitors of autoinducer transporters. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The present invention relates to the discovery of ...
Texas Inventors Develop Transported Compressible Rolls Loading Method
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Don E. Bohac of Magnolia, Texas, Robert Felix of Houston, and Joe Boggs of Sweetwater, Texas, have developed a method of loading and unloading transported compressible rolls. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, the invention relates to a ...
Japanese Inventors Develop Vehicle Electrically Heated Seat Apparatus
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Masamichi Horiyama, Tsuguhito Ichiriki, Naoki Murasawa, Koji Suzuki, Osamu Nishioka and Tomoya Kono, all from Saitama, Japan, have developed an electrically heated seat apparatus for a vehicle, a vehicle incorporating the same, and a method of using the same ....
Tennessee Inventors Develop Liquid-Tight Connector with Deformable O-Ring
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Roger Pyron of Bartlett, Tenn., Craig Yoss of Collierville, Tenn., have developed a connector for terminating an electrical conduit in a liquid-tight connection. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A liquid tight connector for terminating ...
California Inventors Develop Stringed Musical Instrument Pick
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Mitchell J. Hodesh of Hollywood, Calif., and Timothy W. Aaron of Los Angeles, have developed a stringed musical instrument pick. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A conventional guitar pick is retrofitted with a special adhesion material ...
Japanese Inventors Develop Test Object Defect Detection Method
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Akio Enomoto of Chita-gun, Japan, and Kouichi Miyashita of Ama-gun, Japan, have developed an inspection method for detecting a defect in a test object. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A particulate is generated, then the generated ...
Austrian Inventors Develop Dough Strip Continuous Production Apparatus
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Peter Lambauer of Feldkirchen, Austria, and Gerhard Schmolli of Hirschegg, Austria, have developed a device for the continuous production of a strip of dough from a mass of dough, the width of said strip being a multiple of its thickness. According to the U.S. Patent ...
New York, Michigan, New Jersey Inventors Develop Modified Luciferase Protein
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Eileen H. Kim Choi of Flushing, N.Y., David R. Shonnard of Chassell, Mich., and Irina V. Rybina of Edgewater, N.J., have developed a modified luciferase. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The invention comprises modified luciferase proteins ...
North Carolina, Pennsylvania Inventors Develop Rotary Tapered Tool Holder
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Robert A. Erickson of Raleigh, N.C., and Ted R. Massa of Latrobe, Pa., have developed a rotary tapered tool holder with adapter sleeve. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A rotary tapered tool holder includes a body or shank including a ...
Texas Inventors Develop Data Processing System
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- David P. Burgess, Troy L. Cooper, Eric V. Fiene and George P. Hoekstra, all from Austin, Texas, and Ravindraraj Ramaraju of Round Rock, Texas, have developed a data processing system having translation lookaside buffer valid bits with lock and method ...
German Inventor Develops Optoelectronic Angle Measuring Instrument
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Reinhold Mutschler of Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany, has developed an optoelectronic angle measuring instrument and a method for its production. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, the invention relates to an "optoelectronic angle measuring ...
Israeli Inventors Develop Video Sequence Key-Frames Selecting Method
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Itzhak Wilf of Neve Monoson, Israel, Ovadya Menadeva of Modin, Israel, and Hayit Greenspan of Kfar Bilu, Israel, have developed a method of selecting key-frames from a video sequence. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, the invention relates ...
Oregon, California Inventors Develop Imidazole Synthesis Process
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Lloyd J. Dolby and Shervin Esfandiari, both of Eugene, Ore., and Michael E. Garst of Newport Beach, Calif., have developed a process for the synthesis of imidazoles. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The present invention provides a process ...
South Korean Inventors Develop Oven with Cooking Space
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Guen Yong Park of Suwon-Si, South Korea, has developed an oven that is capable of minimizing heat transfer between adjacent cooking spaces along the wall of a cooking chamber According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The oven includes an oven body ...
California, Colorado Inventors Develop High-Level Modeling System Interfacing Apparatus
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Nabeel Shirazi of San Jose, Calif., Christopher N. Battson of San Francisco, Michael E. Darnall of Campbell, Calif., Bradley K. Fross of Claremont, Calif., and Jonathan B. Ballagh of Longmont, Colo., have developed a method and an apparatus for interfacing a ...
Virginia Inventors Develop Sprinkler Apparatus
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Juergen Nies of Winchester, Va., has developed a multi-mode traveling sprinkler. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Aspects of the invention relate to a sprinkler apparatus providing multiple operational modes. For instance, the apparatus ...
Taiwanese Inventors Develop Antenna with Printed Compensating Capacitor
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Kai-Te Chen, Jan-Kwo Leeng and Tsung-Liang Lin, all from Hsinchu, Taiwan, have developed an antenna on a printed circuit board (PCB) with a compensating capacitor. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The antenna has a radiator disposed over a ...
Illinois Inventors Develop Ergonomic Key Pounder
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Donald Franklin Bee Jr. and Patricia Lynne Masek, both of Hoffman Estates, Ill., have developed a key pounder tool useful during the tuning of pianos and the like. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The key pounder has a shaft about which a ...
Georgia Inventor Develops Seeds of Corn Variety I139593
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- David E. Baltenberger of Leesburg, Ga., has developed a seed of corn variety I139593. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the corn variety designated I139593. The invention thus ...
U.S., Canadian Inventors Develop Bacterial Mycothiol S-Conjugate Amidase Family
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Gerald L. Newton of San Diego, Robert C. Fahey of Del Mar, Calif., and Yossef Av-Gay of Vancouver, Canada, have developed a family of enzymatic compounds produced by bacteria and methods of their use in drug discovery and degradation of toxic ...
Idaho Inventors Develop Aqueous Cyanide Continuous Real-Time Measurement System
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Jeffrey J. Rosentreter of Pocatello, Idaho, and Kevin L. Gering of Idaho Falls, Idaho, have developed a method and a system that is capable of the continuous, real-time measurement of low concentrations of aqueous free cyanide using an on-line, flow through ...
Illinois Inventor Develops Fiber-Enhanced Slurry Embedment Device
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Michael J. Porter of Hanover Park, Ill., has developed devices for embedding fibers in settable slurries. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "An embedment device for use in a structural panel production line wherein a slurry is transported on a ...
Japanese Inventor Develops Semiconductor Integrated Circuit
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Tetsuya Fukuoka and Katsuichi Tomobe, both of Ome, Japan, and Takeshi Miyazaki of Akishima, Japan, have developed a low power consumption technique for semiconductor integrated circuit. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "There is provided a ...
Japanese Inventor Develops Image Forming Method
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Yoshihisa Masuda of Kanagawa-ken, Japan, has developed an image forming method that forms an image using a photosensitive drum for black and photosensitive drums for colors other than black. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A printer ...
British Inventor Develops Vehicle Support Frame
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Martin Clive-Smith of Warwickshire, Great Britian, has developed a vehicle support frame. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A vehicle support, for a container comprises a frame suspended from one or more of adjustable span, to vary frame ...
Massachusetts Inventors Develop Poetry Generation Method
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Raymond Kurzweil of Newton, Mass., and John A. Keklak of Sudbury, Mass., have developed a method for generating poetry from a computer. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, the invention relates to a "method of analyzing an author's work, ...
Massachusetts, New Hampshire Inventors Develop Room Navigation Presentation Method
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Julio Estrada of Carlisle, Mass., Maurice B. Shore of Concord, Mass., and Miguel Estrada of Hollis, N.H., have developed a system and a method for presentation of room navigation. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Collaboration space object ...
Japanese Inventors Develop Servers Load Distribution Balancing Device
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Eiichi Takahashi and Ken Yokoyama, both Kawasaki, Japan, and Naohiro Tamura of Yokohama, Japan, have developed a service distribution device which distributes service requests from clients among several servers using a network. According to the U.S. Patent ...
California Inventors Develop Three-Port Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Jenkin A. Richard of Palo Alto, Calif., Eric V. Chamness of Menlo Park, Calif., and Huapeng Guan of Fremont, Calif., have developed optical add-drop multiplexers (OADMs) used in optical communication systems. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark ...
New York Inventor Develops Piano Key Assembly
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Asami Inouye of New York has developed a piano key assembly for a pianoforte (grand piano) having weighted keysticks to achieve an improved dynamic response. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A piano key mechanism for a pianoforte with ...
Germany Inventors Develop Antenna Assembly
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Tore Toennesen and Andreas Moeller, both of Reutlingen, Germany, Frank Gottwald of Weissach, Germany, Klaus Voigtlaender of Wangen, Germany, and Jens Haensel of Leonberg, Germany, have developed a slot-coupled antenna array for ascertaining the distance between motor ...
Egyptian Inventor Develops Theme-Based Word Sense Ambiguity Reduction System
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Achraf Chalabi of Cairo, Egypt, has developed a method and a system for theme-based word sense ambiguity reduction. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Word sense ambiguity, for 'thematic' words in a sentence, is achieved based on thematic ...
U.S., Japanese Inventors Develop Thermosetting Resin Compositions
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Philp T. Klemarczyk of Canton, Conn., Andrew D. Messana of Newington, Conn., Afranio Torres-Filho of Enfield, Conn., Erin K. Yaeger of Glastonbury, Conn., and Takahisa Doba of Kanagawa, Japan, have developed reworkable compositions of oxirane(s) or ...
Texas Inventors Develop High Speed Output Buffer
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Hector Sanchez and Xinghai Tang, both of Cedar Park, Texas, and Carlos A. Greaves and Jim P. Nissen, both of Austin, Texas, have developed a high speed output driver with internal alternating current (AC)-coupled level shift and direct current level detection and ...
British Inventors Develop Droplet Deposition Apparatus
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Robert Harvey and Stephen Temple, both of Cambridge, Great Britian, Howard J. Manning of Edinburgh, Great Britian, Peter Stanier of Cambridgeshire, Great Britian, Christopher D. Philips of Bedforshire, Great Britian, have developed droplet deposition ink jet printers ....
California Inventors Develop Synthetic Pattern Exchange Configuration
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Min Li, Simon Liao and Kochan Ju, all from Fremont, Calif., and You Feng Zheng of San Jose, Calif., have developed a synthetic pattern exchange configuration for side reading reduction. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A patterned, ...
California Inventors Develop Content Addressable Memory Based Search Engine Device
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Jakob Saxtorph and Harmeet Bhugra, both of San Jose, Calif., and John R. Mick Jr. of Sunnyvale, Calif., have developed content addressable memory (CAM) based search engine devices having index translation capability. According to the U.S. Patent & ...
UNPRECEDENTED RECRUITING EVENT YIELDS RECORD 60-PLUS RECRUITS
Mar 07, 2007 ... The U.S. Marine Corps issued the following official news story: In an unprecedented move by local leaders in the town of Barwanah, a village of 20,000 citizens in the Anbar Province of Iraq, the largest number of Iraqi Police recruits ever recruited from the area were processed in a ...
New Jersey Inventors Develop Signal Repetition-Rate, Frequency-Drift Estimator
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Wei Su of Englishtown, N.J., and John A. Kosinski of Wall Township, N.J., have developed a signal repetition-rate and frequency-drift estimator using proportional-delayed zero-crossing techniques. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: ...
South Korean Inventor Develops Phase Detector Circuit
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Kwang-Il Park of Yongin-si, South Korea, has developed a circuit for detecting phase that includes a first inverter, a second inverter, a differential amplifier, an output load latch and an output latch. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: ...
South Korean Inventors Develop Liquid Crystal Display
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Sung Jae Moon and Sang-Soo Kim, both of Seoul, South Korea, and Dong-Gyu Kim of Yongin, South Korea, have developed a liquid crystal display that includes a plurality of signal lines. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The signal lines are ...
Japanese Inventor Develops Portable Information Apparatus Operation Instructing Device
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Gantetsu Matsui of Nishinomiya, Japan, has developed an operation instructing device that is included substantially at the center of a portable apparatus, and which has a sensor for detecting motion values of the portable apparatus. According to the U.S ....
South Korean Inventor Develops Photo-Exposure Time Adjusting Apparatus
Mar 07, 2007 ... ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 7 -- Chan-Hoon Park of Seoul, South Korea, has developed a system for adjusting a photo-exposure time of a manufacturing apparatus for semiconductor devices. An abstract of the invention, released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, said: "The system for ...