Recently added articles from Water:Science and Issues:
- Acid Mine Drainage
- Jan 01, 2003; Morgenstern, Karl A. ...Acid Mine Drainage A high school freshman sits in a grass meadow where two mountain ridges slope down and join. As the young observer gazes across the landscape, he sees a scar on the neighboring ridge. At first it looks like a rockslide or ...
- Acid Rain
- Jan 01, 2003; Haeuber, Richard ...Acid Rain In October 1998, U.S. Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan testified before Congress on acid rain. A longtime champion of the issue, Moynihan stated that "As far back as the 1960s, fishermen in the Adirondacks began to complain about more than 'the big ...
- Agassiz, Louis
- Jan 01, 2003; Parmenter, Amy B. ...Agassiz, Louis Swiss-American Zoologist and Geologist 1807–1873 Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz has been called the "Father of Glaciology" and the "First Naturalist." One of the greatest contributors to the science ...
- Agriculture and Water
- Jan 01, 2003; Lant, Christopher ...Agriculture and Water Humans depend on water in many ways, well beyond the few liters needed daily for drinking. Water is also essential for the production of food. Various forms of agriculture, practiced on about half of Earth's land surface, provide the ...
- Algal Blooms, Harmful
- Jan 01, 2003; Pariente, Vita ...Algal Blooms, Harmful Single-celledalgae are almost always present in sea water even if the water looks clear. When high concentrations of certain species ofdinoflagellates are present, patches of water look red because these algae ...
- Algal Blooms in Fresh Water
- Jan 01, 2003; Hoyle, Brian D.; Lerner, K. Lee; Richmond, Elliot ...Algal Blooms in Fresh Water Aquatic ecologists are concerned with blooms (very high cell densities) ofalgae in reservoirs, lakes, and streams because their occurrence can have ecological, aesthetic, and human health impacts. In waterbodies ...
- Algal Blooms in the Ocean
- Jan 01, 2003; Foushee, Doretha B. ...Algal Blooms in the Ocean The ocean, that vast body of water covering 71 percent of the Earth's surface, is divided into four major basins: the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, and Arctic Oceans. These large basins are interconnected with various shallow seas, ...
- Amphibian Population Declines
- Jan 01, 2003; Blaustein, Andrew R. ...Amphibian Population Declines An unparalleled diminishment in populations is occurring worldwide in many species of amphibians (frogs, toads, and salamanders). Although there are various causes for declining amphibian populations, the most obvious is habitat ...
- Aquaculture
- Jan 01, 2003; Egna, Hillary S. ...Aquaculture Aquaculture, a type of agriculture, is the practice of cultivating aquatic animals and plants in managed aquatic environments. Aquaculture in salt-water or marine environments is called mariculture. Fish culture, or pisciculture, refers to the ...
- Aquariums
- Jan 01, 2003; Rubin, Joel S. ...Aquariums The pleasure of viewing and contemplating aquatic species has its roots in antiquity. The ancient Egyptians, Romans, and other peoples kept fish in artificial pools. The Chinese selectively bred goldfish from carp. Yet looking down on fish is very ...
- Aquifer Characteristics
- Jan 01, 2003; Swanson, Kimberly J. ...Aquifer Characteristics Groundwater is stored in the open spaces and fractures within geologic materials such as soil, sand, and rock that occur beneath the land surface. Aquifers are the geologic layers that are filled with water and that can transmit ...
- Archaeology, Underwater
- Jan 01, 2003; Atkins, William Arthur ...Archaeology, Underwater The development of lightweight sophisticated diving equipment since World War II (from 1939 to 1945) has made underwater archaeology a flourishing branch of archaeology. The science of underwater archaeology involves the recovery and ...
- Army Corps of Engineers, U.S
- Jan 01, 2003; Atkins, William Arthur; Anderson, Faye ...Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. The Continental Congress in June 1775 organized what later became the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (ACE) when it authorized an engineer and two assistants to prepare fortifications for the Battle of Bunker Hill. Engineers were ...
- Artificial Recharge
- Jan 01, 2003; Miller, Donn ...Artificial Recharge Water-supply development is challenging. Increasing demands for water joined with concerns for environmental protection require a variety of new water management tools. Such a tool for theconjunctive use of surface water and ...
- Arts, Water in the
- Jan 01, 2003; Dougan, Jane ...Arts, Water in the From ancient times, in Western culture and worldwide, water has been an enduring theme in the arts. Water themes (including snow and ice) flow throughout literature, poetry, fine art, theater, music, and film. The images may be enduring, ...
- Astrobiology: Water and the Potential for Extraterrestrial
Life
- Jan 01, 2003; Farmer, Jack D. ...Astrobiology: Water and the Potential for Extraterrestrial Life Astrobiology is a new interdisciplinary science that seeks to understand the origin, evolution, distribution, and future of life in the universe. As a fundamental requirement of living systems, ...
- Attenuation of Pollutants
- Jan 01, 2003; Brady, Patrick V. ...Attenuation of Pollutants The moment thatpollutants in soils become dissolved in natural waters, their potential for transport is greatly magnified, as is the likelihood that people will ingest them. The primary health risk from many ...
- Balancing Diverse Interests
- Jan 01, 2003; Krautkramer, F. Michael ...Balancing Diverse Interests Water is a natural resource critical to theenvironment . Water also is an economic resource critical to society. Unfortunately, people who champion water as an economic resource essential to society commonly see themselves ...
- Bays, Gulfs, and Straits
- Jan 01, 2003; Atkins, William Arthur ...Bays, Gulfs, and Straits Bays, gulfs, and straits are types of waterbodies that are contained within a larger body of water near land. These three waterbodies are usually located at important points of human activities; thus, conflicts with nature and ...
- Beaches
- Jan 01, 2003; Bernal, Christina E. ...Beaches A beach is a dynamic environment located where land, sea, and air meet. It may be defined as a zone of unconsolidated sediment (i.e., loose materials) deposited by water, wind, or glaciers along the coast, between the lowtideline and ...
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