Water Environment Research back issues from June 2007:
University-Utility Collaborative Applied Research-A Win-Win Combination
Jun 01, 2007; ... Applied research in water and wastewater conveyance and treatment is critical to address many short-term problems encountered by utilities and identify longer-term research needs and fundamental issues. Universities local to utilities have a great role to play in conducting such applied research ...
Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics to Closed-Loop Bioreactors: II. Simulation of Biological Phosphorus Removal Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Jun 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT: Based on the International Water Association's (London) Activated Sludge Model No. 2 (ASM2), biochemistry rate expressions for general heterotrophs and phosphorus-accumulating organisms (PAOs) were introduced to a previously developed, three-dimensional computational fluid ...
Preparation of Macromolecular Heavy Metal Coagulant and Treatment of Wastewater Containing Copper
Jun 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT: Many treatment technologies for wastewater containing heavy metals have been developed in recent years, but these technologies have some disadvantages, such as poor removing efficiency and complex operation. For this reason, a macromolecular heavy metal coagulant ...
Effect of Copper(II) on Natural Organic Matter Removal During Drinking Water Coagulation Using Aluminum-Based Coagulants
Jun 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT: Coagulation has been proposed as a best available technology for controlling natural organic matter (NOM) during drinking water treatment. The presence of heavy metals such as copper(II) in source water, which may form copper-NOM complexes and/or interact with a coagulant, may ...
Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics to Closed-Loop Bioreactors: I. Characterization and Simulation of Fluid-Flow Pattern and Oxygen Transfer
Jun 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT: A full-scale, closed-loop bioreactor (Orbal oxidation ditch, Envirex brand technologies, Siemens, Waukesha, Wisconsin), previously examined for simultaneous biological nutrient removal (SBNR), was further evaluated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A CFD model was ...
Improvements in Mixing Operations of Water Treatment Plants by Use of a Stable Finite Element Model
Jun 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT: This work shows improvements made in mixing operations at water treatment plants, as a result of the hydrodynamic analysis of the mixing processes carried out by the use of a Finite Element Model. The code, developed in the Civil Engineering Department of the University of La ...
Application of Non-Linear Automatic Optimization Techniques for Calibration of HSPF
Jun 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT: Development of TMDLs (total maximum daily loads) is often facilitated by using the software system BASINS (Better Assessment Science Integrating point and Nonpoint Sources). One of the key elements of BASINS is the watershed model HSPF (Hydrological Simulation Program Fortran) ...
Pilot-Scale Constructed Wetlands for Petroleum-Contaminated Groundwater
Jun 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT: A pilot study was conducted to determine the feasibility of using constructed treatment wetlands to remediate recovered groundwater from the subsurface of a former refinery site. The pilot system consisted of four subsurface flow treatment cells operated in an upward vertical ...
Toward a High-Rate Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal Process in a Membrane-Assisted Bioreactor
Jun 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT: A membrane enhanced biological phosphorus removal (MEBPR) process was studied to determine the impact of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and solids retention time (SRT) on the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen, and phosphorus from municipal wastewater. The MEBPR ...
Use of Oxygen Consumption and Ammonium Excretion to Evaluate the Sublethal Toxicity of Cadmium and Zinc on Litopenaeus schmitti (Burkenroad, 1936, Crustacea)
Jun 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT: Penaeid shrimps are important resources for worldwide fisheries and aquaculture. In Brazil, Litopenaeus schmitti (L. schmitti) is a important commercially exploited species and is an ideal animal for studying the impairment caused by the effects of heavy metals that are often ...
Effect of Potassium Inhibition on the Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Swine Waste
Jun 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT: The inhibition effects of high potassium concentration on thermophilic anaerobic digestion of swine waste were studied. A continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR), operated at a hydraulic retention time of 10 days and chemical oxygen demand loading of 7.2 to 7.5 g/L/d, was used ...
Functional Biodiversity of Microbial Communities in Aerobic Selector Slaughterhouse Wastewater
Jun 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT: The biodiversity of the microbial communities of an aerobic selector and a conventional system treating slaughterhouse wastewater were evaluated using the Biolog technique (Biolog Inc., Hayward, California). Principal components analysis of patterns and level of microbial ...
Quantification of Steroid Sex Hormones Using Solid-Phase Extraction Followed by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Jun 01, 2007; ... ABSTRACT: In this study, the occurrence of trace amounts of natural and synthetic steroid estrogens in the aquatic environment was studied using liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry, following solid-phase extraction (SPE). The SPE was performed with CIS and ...