Article: Muslims and democracy: an empirical critique of Fukuyama's culturalist approach.(Francis Fukuyama)

Introduction

Since the nineteenth century the question of Islam and modernity has been at the heart of intellectual debates in both the "Muslim" world and the "West." Throughout this time-span three distinct but somewhat analogous strands of debates have emerged. One believes that the religion of Islam is incompatible with modem thinking and scientific rationality. The second posits the opposite view (i.e., a compatibility thesis). A third view posits that there are some elements that can be incorporated, adapted, and adopted by the Islamic world but simultaneously rejects other elements of modernity or deem them as alien. These three views have advocates both ...

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