Article: Life on Mars: past, present, and future.

Mars appears to be a cold, dry, and dead world. However there is good evidence that early in its history it had liquid water and possibly life. The main question in the future exploration of Mars is the search for an independent origin of life on that planet. Ecosystems in cold, dry locations on Earth, such as the Antarctic dry valleys, provide examples of how life on early Mars might have survived and where to look for fossils. Fossils are not enough. We will want to determine not only if life on Mars, but if that life was a separate genesis from life on Earth. For this determination we need to access intact martian life, possibly frozen in the deep old permafrost. It is ...

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