Article: Chemical sensors and measurement in process control (Part II). (Happy Thoughts).

This is the second in a three-part series on chemical sensors and measurements, which includes automatic controllers. In April's issue, I discussed "basic sensors" in PCB manufacturing such as visual methods, wet chemistry, temperature, volume/count, electrochemical, specific gravity and colorimetric. This column explores "Intermediate Devices and Advanced Instruments" such as spectrophotometers and Amperes-hour.

Advanced systems include electroanalytical (voltametric), liquid chromatagraph, ion chromatagraph, gas chromatagraph, atomic adsorption (AA), combination (nuclear), and ChemFET/ChemResistors.

Spectrophotometers

The spectrophotometers ...

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