Article: Francesco Crispi and Italy's pursuit of war against France, 1887-9.

The Conundrum of Francesco Crispi

Francesco Crispi is one of the most controversial and problematic figures in modern Italian history. He was born in Sicily in 1818, and as a young man was caught up in the heady world of literary and democratic romanticism in Palermo and Naples. In 1848-9 he played a major role in the Sicilian revolution that voted the deposition of the ruling Bourbon dynasty and the separation of the island from the mainland South. In exile in Turin, Malta, London and Paris in the 1850s, he conspired with the great ideologue of nationalism, Giuseppe Mazzini, to bring about Italian unification, and in the spring of 1860 he was instrumental in persuading ...

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