Article: Modality effects in compounding with English inflectional morphology.

One internal innate constraint-based explanation for the dissociation between regular and irregular plurals in compounds arises from a theory that orders morphological processes on a hierarchy of levels (Kiparsky, 1982). According to Kiparsky's level-ordering model, morphology is generated at three hierarchical stages. At Level 1, irregular inflections and primary affixes (e.g. -ian, -ous, -ion) are applied. At Level 2, derivational affixes (e.g. -er, -ism, -ness) and nominal compounding are generated, and finally regular inflection (e.g., -ed, -s) is applied at Level 3. Morphological application proceeds through these three levels in a serial fashion such that morphology ...






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