Article: Check burner air-to-fuel ratios: periodically checking and resetting the air-fuel ratios is one of the simplest ways to get maximum efficiency out of fuel-fired process heating equipment such as ovens, heaters, boilers and furnaces.(Burners)

Most high temperature direct-fired ovens, boilers, furnaces and radiant tubes operate with about 10 percent to 20 percent excess combustion air at high fire to prevent the formation of dangerous carbon monoxide and soot deposits on heat transfer surfaces and inside radiant tubes. For the fuels most commonly used by U.S. industry, including natural gas, propane and fuel oils, approximately one cubic foot of air is required to release about 100 BTUs in complete combustion. Process heating efficiency is reduced considerably if the air supply is significantly higher or lower than the theoretically required air.

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Factors Affecting Excess ...

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