Article: Maquiladoras: an industry in transition. (Mexico-US industrial trade)

The number of maquiladora or in-bond plants in Mexico grew from 454 in 1975 to more than 2,000 by October 1992. Accordingly, the number of maquiladora jobs increased from 67,214 to over 502,000 in the same period. In 1991, these plants earned over $4.1 billion in foreign exchange, supplanting tourism as Mexico's second largest earner of foreign exchange after its oil export sector. However, this manufacturing growth is not confined to Mexico. Manufacturing jobs are being added on the Texas side, too. It has been estimated that maquiladoras contribute one in five new jobs created in El Paso. In 1987, when most of the state experienced a 1.2 percent decline in jobs, the mix ...

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