Article: The fears of youth in the 1990s: contemporary normative data.

FEAR, DEFINED AS A NORMAL REACTION to a real or imagined threat, is seen as an integral part of development. Research in the area has focused on determining what children fear and how their fears develop, and on establishing the relationship between children's fears and demographic variables, such as age, sex, location, and socioeconomic status (Graziano, DeGiovanni, & Garcia, 1979; King, Hamilton, & Ollendick, 1988; Morris & Kratochwill, 1983).

In relation to developmental differences in normative fear, the most comprehensive explanation combines cognitive--developmental conditioning, as well as prepotency and preparedness factors. Thus, fear in infancy may serve to ...

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