Article: Water intake as influenced by tillage in rainfed areas of Punjab (Pakistan).

In the rainfed areas of the Pothwar plateau of the Punjab province of Pakistan, soils have been developed from calcareous loess and in places the loess has been mixed with alluvium. These are generally medium-textured soils with low organic matter contents ([is less than]0.75%) and poor structural stability, resulting in severe surface crusting. Rainfall is erratic and about 60% of the annual rainfall is received as high intensity storms during the brief monsoon season. About 50% of annual rainfall is lost as surface runoff (8). Water is the most limiting factor for crop production even for areas where seasonal or annual rainfall exceeds crop evapotranspiration because of ...

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