Article: ESD protection for bipolar integrated circuits: integrated circuits require protection from electrostatic discharge (ESD). Some of the protection is built in and some comes from the application circuit.

To properly protect an integrated circuit (IC), the following topics should be considered:

* Delivery model for ESD to the IC

* ESD protection circuits inside the IC

* Interaction between application circuits and the IC internal ESD protection

* Modification of the application circuit for improved ESD protection of the IC.

The internal ESD protection of an IC can prevent high energy from being delivered to its sensitive circuits. Internal clamps protect the IC from over-voltage. External decoupling capacitors in the application circuit may limit ESD voltages to safe levels. However, smaller decoupling capacitors can interfere ...

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