Article: The energetics of the [X.sub.2] + [X.sup.-] [right arrow] [X.sub.3.sup.-] equilibrium (X = Cl, Br, I) in aqueous and nonaqueous solution.

Abstract: The magnitude of the stability constants (K) for the formation of [X.sub.3.sup.-] from [X.sup.-] and [X.sub.2] (X = Cl, Br, I) in aqueous and nonaqueous solution depends strongly on both X and solvent. Thermodynamic arguments establish that for aqueous solutions this is not the result of differing bond strengths in the [X.sub.3.sup.-] anion but rather depends on the solvation energies of the relevant anions and halogens. The experimental results for K in different organic solvents can also be rationalized in terms which emphasise solvation effects. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) has been used to qualitatively probe relative bond strengths in ...

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