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Vitamin D deficiency in the southern United States.
- Article from:
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Southern Medical Journal
- Article date:
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April 1, 2007
- Author:
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Copyright informationCOPYRIGHT 2007 Southern Medical Association. This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan. All inquiries regarding rights should be directed to the Gale Group. (Hide copyright information)
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Vitamin D is an essential nutrient for optimal calcium homeostasis for the body. Vitamin D is a secosteroid hormone ("seco" meaning "cut") with two forms: [D.sub.2] found in the diet, and [D.sub.3], which is either found in the diet or made in the skin from 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) upon exposure to ultraviolet B radiation (UVB) between wavelengths of 290 and 315 nm. Upon entering the circulation, vitamin D (D without subscripts refers to either [D.sub.2] or [D.sub.3]) undergoes two sequential hydroxylations. The first hydroxylation occurs in the liver in the 25 position to form 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), the major circulating form of vitamin D with a half-life of 2-3 ...
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