Article: Ancient animals got a rise out of oxygen. (Carboniferous period invertebrates)

If today's insects scare you, consider the Goliath flies that ruled the skies during Earth's Carboniferous period 300 million years ago. Some souped up dragonflies had wingspans rivaling those of crows. Mayflies grew to sparrow size. On the ground, silverfish, scorpions, and other arthropods reached epic dimensions.

Blame it on the air, says a controversial new theory. A team of physiologists and biomechanics experts hypothesizes that elevated concentrations of oxygen in the Carboniferous atmosphere helped some invertebrates evolve bodies much larger than those seen today. "Oxygen was an enabling factor, just like fertilizer in your garden," explains Jeffrey B. ...

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