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Health-related effects of genetic variations of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes in African Americans.(FOCUS ON SPECIAL POPULATIONS)
- Article from:
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Alcohol Research & Health
- Article date:
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January 1, 2007
- Author:
- Scott, Denise M.; Taylor, Robert E.
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Copyright informationCOPYRIGHT 2007 U.S. Government Printing Office. This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan. All inquiries regarding rights should be directed to the Gale Group. (Hide copyright information)
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Alcohol metabolism involves two key enzymes--alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). There are several types of ADH and ALDH, each of which may exist in several variants (i.e., isoforms) that differ in their ability to break down alcohol and its toxic metabolite acetaldehyde. The isoforms are encoded by different gene variants (i.e., alleles) whose distribution among ethnic groups differs. One variant of ADH is ADH1B, which is encoded by several alleles. An allele called ADH1B*3 is unique to people of African descent and certain Native American tribes. This allele is associated with more rapid breakdown of alcohol, leading to a transient accumulation of ...