A quirky seafloor feature, once considered rare, may be a rather common occurrence that plays a key role in shaping Earth's surface. Scientists had found an intriguing dome on the seafloor, called the Atlantis Massif (right), made of peridotite, a rock usually found deep in Earth's mantle layer. It lay near a large "detachment" fault slanting deep into the upper mantle. The researchers now theorize that over hundreds of thousands of years, as Earth's tectonic plates pulled apart, a mammoth block of mantle rock was pulled up along the fault toward the surface and eventually rolled over on the seafloor. The ...

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