Article: Confronting challenges: motivational beliefs and learning strategies in difficult college courses.(Report)

Motivational beliefs and learning strategies have a significant effect upon student learning. This study compared motivational beliefs and learning strategies of freshman and upper class students in a normative cross section of college classes with freshman and upper class students in their self-reported most difficult course. Results from The Motivational Strategies for Learning Questionnaire show notable differences in academic class and gender. Students rated more difficult courses as less meaningful, expended less effort, with lower self-efficacy scores. All female groups reported higher test anxiety scores. Both freshman and senior females had lower critical thinking ...

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