Article: Assessment of the bone quality of black male athletes using calcaneal ultrasound: a cross-sectional study.(Research)(Clinical report)

Authors: Emmanuel P Laabes (corresponding author) [1]; Dorothy J VanderJagt [2]; Michael O Obadofin [1]; Ayuba J Sendeht [3]; Robert H Glew [2]

Background

Bone health is an important public health issue worldwide. The World Health Organization defines osteoporosis as bone mineral density (BMD) > 2.5 standard deviations below the mean for a normal young adult [1]. Osteoporosis has been reported to occur in 20% of men in the U.S. [2]. In the U.K., direct medical costs to the National Health Service attributed to osteoporosis have been estimated at [pounds sterling]411 million per year [3]. There is a paucity of reports from sub-Saharan Africa ...

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