Article: An examination of historians' explanations for the Mongol withdrawal from East Central Europe. (in 1242)

I. Introduction

The Mongol military campaign into East Central Europe in 1241 is noteworthy for two important and intriguing features: the ferocity of the attacks, which appeared to signal doom for the rest of Europe; and the sudden and unexpected withdrawal of Mongol forces in the following year, thereby "saving" Europe. The withdrawal is particularly intriguing due to the fact that a single satisfying explanation for its occurrence has not yet emerged in the literature on the subject. Historians, in their efforts to determine the cause or causes for the Mongol withdrawal from East Central Europe, have offered numerous theories over the years for this event. ...

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